• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.74-85
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• 1997

To investigate the perception and consumption of imported and organic produce, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire in Seoul, Taejon and Cheongju from February to March in 1995. The responses of 350 housewives were analyzed. Most of the subjects (96.8%) know an increase of imported produce, and 86.3% thought that imported produce was not safe. Ninety-two percent of the subjects preferred domestic produce to imported produce. The reasons were for the support of domestic farming (36.7%), hazardous chemicals in imported produce (25.0%), good taste (24.1%) and high quality of domestic produce (13.1%). Seventy-eight percent of the subjects had purchased imported produce. The reasons for purchase were cheap price (67.7%), high quality (16.2%), and good taste (5.4%). Imported produce were purchased in the following order ; fruits such as banana, kiwi, orange and grapefruit, seasonings such as garlic and sesame, vegetables such as onion, braken and green onion, and beans and grains such as soybean, red bean, and barley. Most of the subjects (94.3%) had been informed on organic produce. Among these, 45.2% obtained the information by TV or radio. However, son for purchase was low residual chemicals (64.6%). The reasons against purchase were inconvenience of purchase (42.3%), high price (25.4%), and disbelief of low residual chemicals (19.7%). Therefore, domestic produce should be good in quality and taste, and be safe without residual chemicals in order to compete with imported produce with cheap price. Informations on organic and imported produce should be provided to consumers, and the distribution system of organic produce should be improved for consumers convenience.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.135-151
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• 2004

U.S. organic farming has grown rapidly-20 percent or more annually-throughout the 1990s, which kept pace with consumer demand for organically produced food. Thus certified organic acreage is the total to 235 million acres in 48 state in 2001, and SO the U.S. ranked fourth in land area managed under organic farming systems. And according to several surveys, consumer's reasons for purchasing organic food are health and nutrition, taste and environmental concerns. California and North Dakota were the top two states in 2001 for certified organic cropland; the former with mostly fruits and vegetables, and the latter with wheat, soybeans, and other crops. And the top two states for certified organic pasture were Colorado and Texas. And then several states such as Iowa and Minnesota have begun subsidizing conversion to organic farming systems as a way to capture the environmental benefits of these systems. The price of organic produce fluctuates rather broadly because of being traded by market economy principle and of demand-supply disequilibrium. Nevertheless, average price premiums for organic produce are higher than the prices for the produce under conventional farming. Future prospects for U.S. organic farming are as follows; Demand for organically grown foods is expected to continue growing at a rapid pace, as more growers convert to organic production and more processors and distributors expand organic selections in their product lines. And new processed products and new types of healthy foods are likely to appear on the market, and some new organic products will be aimed at mainstream markets.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2014

신선편이식품 소재인 유기농산물의 미생물 분포와 품질을 평가하기 위해서 풋고추, 상추, 토마토, 사과, 배, 쌀 등의 농산물을 47개 지역에서 관행농 농산물과 동시에 현장에서 시료를 수집하였다. 일반 세균수로는 유기농 고추가 평균 4.07 log CFU/g, 관행농 고추는 3.71 log CFU/g 검출되었고 상추는 유기농, 관행농에서 6.76-6.90 log CFU/g로 분석되었다. 토마토와 사과는 2종류 시료에서 각각 2.08-2.92 log CFU/g, 0.70-0.82 log CFU/g로 검출되었다. 쌀도 유기농과 관행농 시료에서 2.92-2.98 log CFU/g 범위의 세균분포를 보여주었으나 유기농 배에서는 4.48 log CFU/g, 관행농 배는 2.84 log CFU/g의 분포도를 보여 주었다. 분석시료에 따라 미생물의 분포에 많은 차이를 보여 주었으며 유기농과 관행농산물의 미생물분포는 거의 차이가 없었다. 병원성 세균인 Cl. perfringens, E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, S. aureus은 전혀 검출되지 않았다. 그러나 유기농산물 2개(4%)와 관행농산물 3개(6%)에서 E. coil가 1.7 log CFU/g으로 검출되었고 B. cereus는 유기농 6개(13%)가 1.97 log CFU/g수준으로, 관행농 11개(23%)에서 1.04 log CFU/g 수준으로 검출되었다. 그러므로 유기농산물과 관행농산물에서의 일반세균과 병원성 세균의 오염정도는 차이가 거의 없고 이들 병원성 미생물의 오염수준도 비교적 낮아 안전한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2002

This paper aims to provide quite recent information on the organic industry in the U.S. Major focuses are on the development of cultivation and marketing of fresh and processed organic produce and foods, newly enforced certification program, consumers' purchasing behaviors toward organic foods, and social survey results administered to the organic farmers in the U.S. The U.S. recorded 8 billion dollars' sale of organic foods in 2000, which was the largest in the world and showed 23% growth compared to the previous year. Yet the organic industry is still a niche market, occupying merely 1.5% of total food sale amount. The natural foods markets have not been so concentrated in the U.S., but it is changing and a few wholesale mart such as Whole Foods is emerging. Recent introduction of new certification program provide unified and sole standard at the federal level to which every certifier needs to adjust itself in order to be acceredited by the government. According to a social survey, consumers purchase organic foods because they concern about health, they stick to their own modes of life favoring natural foods, and so on. Another social survey shows that most organic farmers sell their produces to wholesalers, distributers, or producer coop, and direct sale to visitors at their own farm comprises of about 8 percent of their organic land.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.327-345
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• 2009

Environment-friendly agricultural products market has been experiencing various change through the quantitative growth in Korea. The food safety is considered seriously and the interest of the consumer is increasing about environment-friendly agricultural products and organic agricultural products. Environment-friendly agricultural products is encouraged in the link of the counter-measure which follows in the market opening. This research aims at making shorter the distance between the productive person and the consumer and to improve the income for organic farm and the price competitiveness for Environment-friendly agricultural products through the present condition analysis for organic produce's production, distribution and consumption market. To solve the problems above, the development of strategies for the establishment of distribution system for the organic produce's stable supply and the improvement of price competitiveness, the establishment of the cooperating system on the produce's demand and supply, the improvement of consumer's reliability by reinforcement with connectivity and transparency of the process, and the vitalization of regional economy and the exchange of rural and city area are needed.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.306-311
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• 2013

본 연구는 부패미생물의 종류와 차이를 알아보기 위해 유기농산물과 일반농산물(깻잎, 양배추, 상추)을 구입하여 $4^{\circ}C$에 14일 저장한 후 일반목적배지를 사용하여 미생물을 분리 및 16S rRNA sequencing방법을 이용하여 동정하였다. 유기농산물 깻잎, 양배추, 상추의 총균수는 $5-7{\log}_{10}CFU/g$ 수준이었고, 일반농산물의 총균수는 $5-8{\log}_{10}CFU/g$ 수준이었다. 유기농산물보다는 일반농산물이 총균수를 더 많이 내재하고 있으나 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다(p > 0.05). 유기농산물 깻잎에서 발견된 주요 균은 Microbacterium sp.이었으며, 일반농산물 깻잎에서 발견된 주요균은 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia이었다. 또한, 유기농산물에서 부패를 일으킬 수 있는 균인 Klebsiella pneumonia가 발견되었으며, 일반농산물보다 유기농산물에서 발견된 균의 종류가 더 많은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구 결과는 부패미생물에 대한 이해를 높이고 농산물의 신선도 및 유통기한을 늘리기 위한 새로운 살균소독제 및 부패 억제제를 개발하는데 좋은 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.429-437
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• 2020

The paper investigates the antecedents of Organic Food (OF) produce in Vietnam and the intentions and behavior of OF purchasers. A theoretical framework is developed and evaluated by simulation of the structural model. Data was collected from a convenient sample of 222 consumers from Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. The selection included 159 (72%) women, who were identified as being the primary buyers of organic food for their family (73%). Findings suggest food hygiene issues and conscientious self-identity as the much beneficial determinants of organic production perceptions. Because of the results in this report, the consideration for food security has gained little research consideration throughout the field of organic produce. Food safety concerns are also related to academics exploring consumer confidence as they might be regarded as one of their aspects in selecting standard, natural or health food products. Findings suggest food security as one of the essential determinants of motivation, while health awareness purports to become the least significant motivation, contrary to observations from certain previous studies. However, it is observed that moral personality-identity influences both perceptions and willingness to buy organic food, stressing that the association of participants with ethical concerns influences their perceptions and eventual choices of consumption.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.45-66
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• 1996

In Korea there is still no basic standard for organic agriculture and organic farmers in Korea do not follow the minimum requirements of IFOAM basic standard Most of them just practice the organic agriculture applying organic fertilizer, commercial seed without legume, rotation and green manure. But they believe this system is a absolutely environmental friendly agricultural system and it produce a safe agricultural product since they are not aware of the basic standard of organic agriculture at all. The overuse of organic fertilizer by some organic farmer have caused some severe problems risk for nitrate and phosphate leaching. In soil profile showed the potential risk for nitrate and phosphate leaching. In the paper, it is discussed on the environmental friendly function and the safe vegetable production by european organic agriculture which keeps the internationally recognized basic standards of organic agriculture. Therefore it is strongly recommended that korean organic farmer have to follow the IFOAM it is strongly in order to practice the environmental agriculture and produce the safe food. And it is also necessary to introduce to Korea the basic standard of organic agriculture which coincides with IFOAM's and Codex of FAO/WHO immediately if they really want to practice an organic agriculture in the country.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.840-844
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• 2010

The new MPV type reagent, Al-methanesulfonyldiisobutylalane ($DIBAO_3SCH_3$), has been prepared and its reducing characteristics in the reduction of selected organic compounds containing representative functional groups have been examined in order to find out a new reducing system with high selectivity in organic synthesis. In general, the reagent is extremely mild, showing only reactivity toward aldehydes, ketones and epoxides. The reagent exhibits a unique reducing applicability in organic synthesis. Thus, the reagent can achieve a clean 1,2-reduction of $\alpha,\beta$-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones to produce the corresponding allylic alcohols in 100% purity. In addition, the reagent shows an excellent regioselectivity in the ring-opening reaction of epoxides. Finally, $DIBAO_3SCH_3$ shows a high stereoselectivity in the reduction of cyclic ketones to produce the thermodynamically more stable epimers exclusively.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.91-108
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• 2003

So far, we have pursued only convenient and efficient growth of economy, as a result, environment surrounding us has been destroyed and the rights of our existence gotten to be even threatened. We need to ensure our lives and at the same time, need a power with which agriculture undertakes global circulation structure and a power that is able to preserve our environment we live per so. Therefore, in the near future, the final objectives of agriculture structure for 21st century would be to increase productivity of highly developed agricultural products in accordance with the ecosystem and a recycling agriculture. What is a recycling agriculture\ulcorner In the narrow sense, it means provisions-producing- system related to interactive recycle of material among forestry, livestock husbandry and seeding agriculture. In the broad sense, it means to produce credible agricultural product by keeping balanced resources via conversion to complete degradable material of organic wastes produce within rural village. Based on this concept, finally, our goal is to construct the resources recycling community. Environment friendly agriculture ⇒ organic agriculture ⇒ recycling (circulation) agriculture ⇒ construction of community with resources recycling. Therefore, in order to construct recycling agriculture, most of all, it is considered that the following, it should be established reasonable standard amounts for fertilizer, manure and liquid fertilizer based on results of soil test by each region, nature-recycling form of crops production and livestock production systems by maximizing utilization of different recycling byproducts occurring in the crop producing process by each region.