• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2003

The autogenous free gingival graft is the most predictable procedure currently used to increase the width of　the attached gingiva in periodontics. But the major disadvantage of the procedure is to create the multiple surgical wounds at both a donor site and a recipient site. The other problem is the limited amount of available　graft material in oral cavity. Therefore, recent researches have been focused to develop the biomaterial to substitute the autogenous gingival tissue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic healing after　grafting of bilayer artificial dermis, compared to the free gingival graft. Four non-smoking subjects (mean age, 32.5 years) in systemically healthy state and good oral hygiene were selected according to their particular needs for correction of mucogingival problems as suggested by Nabers(1966). The recipient sites were prepared through the procedure for the free gingival graft and were grouped according to the graft materials: Experimental group(n=5) - bilayer artifcia1 dermis ($Terudermis^{(R)}$; Terumo Co. Japan) and Control group(n=6) - free gingival graft with autogenous palatal mucosa. Biopsies were harvested at 1,2,3 and 6 weeks postsurgery to evaluate histologically. At the third week in the experimental group and at the second week of in the control group, the grafts has been clinically stabilized on the recipient bed and the graft border has been blended into the surrounding tissue. In the experimental group after 1 week of grafting, the epithelial migration from the adjacent tissue to graft material was seen and after 3 weeks of grafting, the : nflmmation decreased, collagen layer of the artificial dermis was lost and the basement membrane of epithelium was formed. After 6 weeks of grafting, both groups demonstrated orthokeratinized epithelium and increased thickness of epithelial tissue and the rete peg formation, similar to the adjacent tissue, Histologic evaluation revealed a biologic acceptance and incorporation of the collagen layers of the graft tissue to the host tissue, without foreign body reaction. In conclusion, a bilayer artificial dermis is essentially similar to autogeneous free gingival graft in the correction of mucogingival problems, and has the advantages of decreased patient morbidity (no donor site) and availability of abundant amounts of graft material when needed.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.403-420
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• 2000

The treatment and prevention of periodontitis is focused on the reduction and the elimination of pathogenic bacteria, especially A. actinomycetemcomitans and black pigmented bacteria such as P. gingivalis. To prevent recurrent disease, the recolonization of these bacteria should be inhibited in the periodontal pocket. Since the replacement therapy was introduced in periodontics by Hillman et al, Jeong et al reported that hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus acidophilus V-20 completely inhibited P. gingivalis and A. actino - mycetemcomitans in vitro and mouth gargling with Lactobacillus acidophilus V-20 in periodontitis patients during the maintenance phase improved clinical condition and reduced the No. of P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans at 4 weeks of treatment. Prior to replacement therapy with bacteria, dynamics of microbial colonization should be considered. This study was performed to evaluate the change in the viable cell number of Lactobacilli and P. gingivalis after oral administration of L. acidophilus V-20. In periodontal health, gargling increased the No. of Lactobacilli in saliva, buccal mucosa, supragingival plaque from the first week, which maintained for 2-3 weeks after gargling stop, and then returned to the undetectable baseline level at the ninth week. In the periodontal pocket of moderate periodontitis patients, daily irrigation for 1 week and weekly irrigation for subsequent 3 weeks decreased the viable cell number of P. gingivalis during the period of irrigation and increased the number of Lactobacilli, which was maintained from the second to the seventh week. L. acidophilus V-20 was isolated for the first 2 weeks of oral administration, and the 3 different strains of Lactobacilli were isolated continuously for remaining period and identified as L. ali - mentarius, L. casei subspecies casei and L. fructosus. The first two Lactobacilli strains completely inhibited P. gingivalis in vitro and all the isolated Lactobacilli strains reduced the artificial plaque formation by 55-63%. These results showed that mouth gargling or pocket irrigation with L. acidophilus V-20 increased the No. of intraoral Lactobacilli and caused to decrease in the No. of P. gingivalis. This suggests that the replacement therapy by these Lactobacilli might be useful in the maintenance care of periodontal patients.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2010

Although BinSo-San(BSS), a mixed herbal formula consisted of 11 types of medicinal herbs and have been used as anti-inflammatory agent, In the present study, the acute toxicity (single oral dose toxicity) of lyophilized BSS aqueous extracts was monitored in male and female mice after oral administration according to Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) Guidelines (2005-60, 2005). In order to observe the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$), approximate lethal dosage (ALD), maximum tolerance dosage (MTD) and target organs, test articles were once orally administered to female and male ICR mice at dose levels of 2000, 1000, 500, 250 and 0 (control) mg/kg (body wt.) according to the recommendation of KFDA Guidelines (2005-60, 2005). The mortality and changes on body weight, clinical signs and gross observation were monitored during 14 days after dosing according to KFDA Guidelines (2005-60, 2005) with organ weight and histopathology of 12 types of principle organs. We could not find any mortality, clinical signs and changes in the body weights except for dose-independent increases of body weight and gains restricted in 1000 mg/kg of BSS extracts-dosing female group. Hypertrophic changes of lymphoid organs.thymus, spleen and popliteal lymph nodes were detectedat postmortem observation with BSS extracts dose-dependent increases of lymphoid organ weights, and hyperplasia of lymphoid cells in these all three lymphoid organs at histopathological observations. These changes are considered as results of pharmacological effects of BSS extracts or their components, immunomodulating effects, not toxicological signs. In addition, some sporadic accidental findings such as congestion spots, cyst formation in kidney, atrophy of thymus and spleen with depletion of lymphoid cells, and edematous changes of uterus with desquamation of uterus mucosa as estrus cycles were detected throughout the whole experimental groups including both male and female vehicle controls. The significant (p<0.01) increases of absolute weights of kidney and pancreas detected in BSS extracts 1000 mg/kg-treated female group are considered as secondary changes from increases of body weights. The results obtained in this study suggest that the BSS extract is non-toxic in mice and is therefore likely to be safe for clinical use. The LD50 and ALD of BSS aqueous extracts in both female and male mice were considered as over 2000 mg/kg because no mortalities were detected upto 2000 mg/kg that was the highest dose recommended by KFDA and OECD. In addition, the MTD of BSS extracts was also considered as over 2000 mg/kg because no BSS extracts-treatment related toxicological signs were detected at histopathological observation except for BSS or their component-related pharmacological effects, the immunomodulating effects detected in the present study.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2005

피부 경화증(scleroderma)은 만성 결체조직 질환으로 정확한 원인은 밝혀지지 않았으나 자가 면역 질환으로 알려져 있다. 대개 $30{\sim}50$세의 여성에서 호발하며 소아에서는 매우 드물다. 장기의 이환여부에 따라 국소성과 전신성 피부 경화증으로 분류할 수 있다. 국소적 형태는 예후가 양호하고 피부에만, 또는 피하 근육까지 이환되며, 내부 장기에는 이환되지 않는다. 전신적인 형태는 피부와 구강점막 및 위장계, 호흡계, 심혈관계 등을 포함하늘 전신 다발적 발생 (multisystemic involvement)이 특징적이다. 안면피부 이환시 작고 예리한 코, 무표정한 응시 (expressionless stare), 좁아진 입모양(narrow oral aperture) 등이 특징적이다. 대개 레이노 현상(Raynaud's phenomenon)이 존재하며 질환이 진행되면서 개구장애와 혀, 치은의 경화가 나타나게 된다. 피부 석회증(calcinosis cutis), 레이노현상(Raynaud's phenomenon). 식도 기능부전(esophageal dysfunction), 공지증(sclerodactyly), 모세혈관 확장증(telangioectasia)이 복합된 질환을 크레스트 증후군(CREST syndrome)이라 부른다. 피부 경화증의 치료는 국소적 및 전신적 스테로이드 치료, collagen cross-link inhibitor (D-penicillamine), 면역억제제 등을 사용한다. 개구제한의 치료는 설압자를 이용한 mouth stretching exercise를 통해 개선될 수 있다. 본 증례에서는 국소성 피부 경화증으로 진단되고 개구제한이 있는 6세 남아에게 아산화질소와 enflurane을 이용한 깊은 진정요법을 이용하여 상하악 제 1, 2 유구치의 우식치료 치험례를 보고한다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the anti-ulcer effect of an standardized herbal extracts mixture of Inulae Flos and Paeoniae Radix (HT074) on acidified ethanol induced gastric injury and its potential mechanisms. Methods : Antioxidant activities of HT074 and its constituents were measured by DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging capacity. After the oral administration of HT074 at doses of 100, 300 mg/kg twice per day for 14 days, Gastric lesions were induced by oral administration of acidified ethanol in Sprague Dawley rats. Oxidative stress markers, such as super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity, concentrations of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in gastric mucosal tissues. Additionally, the expression of human mucin gene, Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) mRNA in gastric mucosal tissues was measured. Results : HT074 showed dose dependent radical scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals. Oral administration of HT074 300 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days significantly decreased gastric lesions and histological damages induced by HCl/EtOH in rats. HT074 treatment significantly increased the activity of SOD (300 mg/kg) and concentration of GSH (100 and 300 mg/kg), however catalase concentration was not significantly increased. MUC5AC mRNA expression was significantly increased by HT074 100, 300 mg/kg treatment. Conclusions : HT074 protects the gastric mucosa from oxidative stress caused by acidified ethanol by increasing the activity of SOD, concentration of GSH and mucin biosynthesis. These findings suggest that HT074 could be an effective candidate for prevention and treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.128-131
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• 2009

Objectives : Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma of the head and neck region is relatively rare, but it has variable clinical and biological characteristics. Although there were few studies on this topic, there is still controversy regarding the best treatment. The authors retrospectively investigated the clinical courses and treatment results in 10 patients presenting with MALT-lymphoma in head and neck region except ocular adnexa. Material and Methods : Ten patients with a histologically verified diagnosis of the extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma arising in thyroid glands(3), larynx(3), oral cavity(2), oropharynx(1), salivary glands(1) were analyzed. Results : Four patients were allocated to stage IE and another six patients to stage IIE according to the Ann Arbor staging system. Treatment consisted of local therapy(surgical resection and/or radiotherapy) in four patients and systemic chemotherapy with/without local therapy in six patients. Complete remission and partial remission were achieved in seven patients(70%) and two patients(20%), respectively. No recurrence or mortality was observed with a mean follow-up of 40.5 months. Conclusion : Patients with MALT-lymphomas of the head and neck region were potentially treated by local modality in localized disease state. However systemic chemotherapy was also effective even in localized disease state and was well tolerated by patients. And strict staging and close long-term monitoring were recommended considering its indolent progression.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2000

전방 기저 설피판은 비교적 큰 구개 결손을 폐쇄하는데 안전하고 효과적이었으며 후에 장골 이식을 위한 건전한 피복을 제공하였다. 그리고 치조열 결손의 순측면까지 완전히 피복하기 위한 목적으로 양측성 치조열에 적용되도록 재단된 Y-형의 변형은 결과가 믿을 만하였으며 합병증도 무시할 만 하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2013

MAPKs는 다양한 세포자극에 반응하는 중요한 세포신호전달경로이며, 특히 세포의 생존과 사멸과정에 관여한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 위궤양의 진행에 있어 MAPKs의 세포특이적 활성에 관한 연구결과들에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 이부프로펜에 의해 유도된 위궤양의 진행에 있어 활성화된 MAPKs가 다양한 세포들에 어떻게 분포하는지를 실험하였다. 위궤양 유발은 200 mg/kg 이부프로펜을 하루에 8시간간격으로 3번 투여하였다. 동물부검은 이부프로펜을 투여한 후 24, 48, 72시간에 실시하였고, 위조직은 면역조직화학 및 웨스턴블랏에 사용되었다. 활성화된 p-ERK는 정상 랫드 위점막상피의 위상피증식층에서만 주로 발현되었으나, 이부프로펜을 투여한 후 24시간째에는 위기저부의 벽세포들에서 강하게 발현되었다. 이부프로펜을 투여 후 48시간 경과한 군에 있어서는 위궤양에 인접한 위점막상피 또는 위궤양 기저부의 결합조직에 나타난 신생혈관, 염증세포 및 육아조직에서 p-ERK가 강하게 발현되었다. 반면에 p-JNK는 초기 위점막손상을 나타내는 위표면점막상피와 샘위의 점막상피세포의 핵에서 주로 발현되었다. 점차적으로 p-JNK는 위궤양 기저부의 결합조직내에 침윤된 염증세포, 섬유모세포에서 특히 강하게 염색되었다. P-p38 양성세포는 위점막의 결합조직내에서 분산되어 관찰되었으며, 특히 위궤양 기저부의 결합조직내로 침윤된 대식 세포에 강한 염색성을 나타내었다. 이상의 연구결과는 각각의 MAPK들이 위궤양진행에 있어 특정세포들의 활성화에 관여하는 것으로 보여진다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2010

목 적: 융모 위축을 보이는 FPIES 환자의 소장 점막에는 TNF-${\alpha}$의 발현이 증가한다. TNF-${\alpha}$는 상피 세포의 세포 자렴사를 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 FPIES 병리생리의 특성을 알아보고자 십이지장 점막 조직에서 TNF family와 TNF-수용체 family의 세포 자멸사를 연구하였다. 방 법: 표준화된 경구 유발 시험을 통하여 FPIES로 진단된 15례의 환자와 5례의 대조군을 대상으로 연구하였다. 세포 자멸사를 확인하기 위하여 terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) 염색을 시행하였다. 세포 자멸의 기전을 알아 보기 위해 TNF family의 TNF-${\alpha}$, Fas ligand (FasL)와 TNF-수용체 family의 TNF-related apoptosis-including ligand (TRAIL) receptor 1 (DR4), TRAIL receptor 2 (DR5), Fas를 면역조직화학으로 염색하였다. 결 과: $TUNEL^+$ 세포는 대조군에 비하여 FPIES 환자군의 십이지장 점막에서 의미 있게 높게 발현하였다($P$=0.043). TNF-${\alpha}$ ($P$=0.0001)와 DR4 ($P$=0.003)도 대조군에 비하여 FPIES군에서 의미 있게 높게 발현하였다. FasL, Fas, DR5의 발현은 두 군 모두에서 낮았으며, 두 군간에 의미 있는 차이를 보이지도 않았다. 결 론: FPIES의 병리생리는 세포 자멸사에 의하여 발생하며, TNF-${\alpha}$의 발현과 DR4 경로가 세포 자멸사에서 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추정된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.301-311
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• 2009

연구목적: 연조직 펀치를 이용한 무피판 임플란트 수술법은 임플란트를 식립할 부위에 환상형의 절개를 필요로 한다. 이에 연조직 펀치의 사용을 위한 지침을 만드는 데 도움을 주고자 성견의 하악에서 임플란트 주위 조직의 치유에 대한 연조직 펀치의 영향을 조사하는 실험이 수행되었다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 6 마리의 성견에서 하악의 양측에 무치악의 평편한 치조제를 만들었다. 3 개월 동안의 치유 기간 후, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm 연조직 펀치를 사용하여 절개하고 양측에 각각 3개의 임플란트 (직경 4.0 mm)를 식립하였다. 그리고 즉시 치유지대주 (직경 4.5 mm)를 연결하였다. 그 후 치유 기간 동안 임플란트 주위 점막을 임상적, 방사선학적 그리고 조직학적 방법으로 평가하였다. 평가 요소는 치은 지수, 탐침시 출혈, 치주 탐침 깊이, 변연골 상실 그리고 임플란트 주위 조직의 수직적인 변화이다. 결과: 임플란트 식립 후 치유 기간 동안에 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm 연조직 펀치 군 사이에 접합 상피의 길이, 치주 탐침 깊이, 변연골 상실이 유의할 만한 차이가 관찰되었다 (P <.05). 3 mm 연조직 펀치를 사용한 경우가 4 mm 이상의 연조직 펀치를 사용한 것에 비해 상대적으로 접합 상피의 깊이는 짧았고, 치주 탐침 깊이는 얕았으며, 변연골 흡수량이 적었다. 결론: 무피판 임플란트 수술에서 연조직 펀치의 직경은 최적의 연조직 밀폐의 형성과 연조직의 치유에 있어 중요한 역할을 한다. 선택된 치유지대주보다 약 1 mm 작은 직경의 연조직 펀치를 사용하는 경우 임플란트 주변 점막과 긴밀한 접촉을 이룰 수 있고 창상 치유가 가장 양호 하다.