• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.785-792
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• 2014

This study investigated the optimal mix ratio of frozen-dried loquat fruit powder and the optimun conditions for making Seolgidduk by analyzing chemical properties, rating moisture contents, color, mechanical quality characteristics and sensory characteristics Seolgidduk was made with 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8% frozen-dried loquat fruit powder, which contains functional components. Chemical analysis showed that loquat fruit powder contained of 12.87% water, 2.23% crude protein, 0.55% crude fat, 3.57% crude ash and 3.89% crude fiber. Water content of Seolgidduk containing loquat fruit ranged from 36.58~39.18%. With more loquat fruit powder L value decreased, while the 'a' value and 'b' values increased. According to scanning electronic microscopy, Seolgidduk containing frozen-dried loquat fruit powder showed weak coherence. Hardness decreased with more frozen-dried loquat fruit powder. In the sensory test, Seolgidduk with 4% loquat fruit powder was the most preferred with less sourness, proper softness, moisture and chewiness. Based on the results of this experiment, Seolgidduk with 4% loquat fruit powder showed less hardness than the control group. These results show that quality and preference increased when 4% loquat fruit powder was added to Seolgidduk. Therefore, Seolgidduk with 4% of loquat fruit powder is expected to increase quality and preference of Seolgidduk.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.107-124
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• 2012

In this paper we conduct comparative statics for optimal consumption and portfolio selection of an agent who has a utility function of Epstein and Zin type. We derive the Slutsky equations and decompose the total effects of changes into the substitution effects and the income effects. We identify the role of the elasticity of intertemporal substitution and the coefficient of relative risk aversion.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.991-997
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• 2006

Recently, Liu (2005) proposed a special type of weighting function under a given preference index level with the minimal variability similar to the minimal variability OWA operator weights problem proposed by Fuller and Majlender (2003). He solved this problem using a result of classical optimal control theory. In this note, we give a direct elementary proof of this problem without using any known results.

• 대한교통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한교통학회 2000년도 제37회 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.25-47
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• 2000

In route guidance systems fastest-path routing has typically been adopted because of its simplicity. However, empirical studies on route choice behavior have shown that drivers use numerous criteria in choosing a route. The objective of this study is to develop computationally efficient algorithms for identifying a manageable subset of the nondominated (i.e. Pareto optimal) paths for real-time vehicle routing which reflect the drivers' preferences and route choice behaviors. We propose two pruning algorithms that reduce the search area based on a context-dependent linear utility function and thus reduce the computation time. The basic notion of the proposed approach is that ⅰ) enumerating all nondominated paths is computationally too expensive, ⅱ) obtaining a stable mathematical representation of the drivers' utility function is theoretically difficult and impractical, and ⅲ) obtaining optimal path given a nonlinear utility function is a NP-hard problem. Consequently, a heuristic two-stage strategy which identifies multiple routes and then select the near-optimal path may be effective and practical. As the first stage, we utilize the relaxation based pruning technique based on an entropy model to recognize and discard most of the nondominated paths that do not reflect the drivers' preference and/or the context-dependency of the preference. In addition, to make sure that paths identified are dissimilar in terms of links used, the number of shared links between routes is limited. We test the proposed algorithms in a large real-life traffic network and show that the algorithms reduce CPU time significantly compared with conventional multi-criteria shortest path algorithms while the attributes of the routes identified reflect drivers' preferences and generic route choice behaviors well.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the visual preference factors for river scenery, which can vary according to changes in water levels, to estimate the optimal ratio of water surface/river width. Five locations on the Youngsan and Sumjin Rivers were selected as representative samples and field survey data such as channel geometry with water levels were prepared to develop the slide of river scenery, To estimate the level of satisfaction in river scenery, slides of 4 different water levels at each of the representative locations were developed through questionnaire. To analyse the correlation between the visual preference for river scenery and preference factors, a multi regression analysis method was adopted in this study. According to the results of the multi regression analysis, Factor B(Aesthetic factors) have the greatest affect on visual preferences and Factor A(A Feeling of Open space and Physical factors) affect significantly to visual preferences for river scenery. The results of analysis shows that the most preferred W/B ratio varies from 0.5 to 0.7 and this result indicates that many people prefer high levels river flow to maintain a natural and harmonious view of rivers. The results of this study will contribute to the field of river landscape design and river restoration projects in order to maximize the human being's satisfaction as a part of nature.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2004

본 논문은 선박을 이용한 화물의 운송에 있어서 선박과 화물의 중개 최적화에 대하여 기술한다. 중개를 위한 시간 제약, 중량 제한, 선호도 등 여러 기준들을 정의하여 정형화하고 이를 이용하여 최적화 문제 모형을 수립하였다는 것이 연구의 주요 핵심이고, 실험을 통하여 문제의 복잡도와 최적해 탐색 비용의 적정한 한계치를 파악하였을 뿐 아니라 그 과정으로서 성능평가 방법을 제시한 점도 중요한 연구 결과라고 하겠다. 제시된 최적 중개 방안은 화물과 선박의 시간적 제약 조건과 선박의 중량 제약 조건을 이용하여 화물의 선박에 대한 선호도와 선박의 화물에 대한 선호도를 유도하고, 최적화 문제의 목적 함수에서 이틀 선호도를 이진 결정변수의 계수로 활용하여 제약 조건을 만족함과 동시에 전체적인 선호도 값의 합이 큰 선박과 화물의 쌍이 중개하도록 하였다. Davis-Putnam 기반의 최적화 프로그램을 이용한 실험에서 결정변수의 개수가 90 여개 이하의 문제 크기에 대하여 적정한 시간 내에 최적해를 구하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.226-233
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• 2013

비파엽을 첨가한 쌀음료의 개발에 있어서 과당, 크림, 그리고 비파엽 물 추출물의 농도는 최종 관능적인 맛과 기호도 모두에 유의적인 효과를 주고 있었으며, 비파엽 물 추출물 자체의 쓴맛과 이미를 감소시키는 주요한 첨가물은 과당이라고 결론지을 수 있었다. 그러나 비파엽을 첨가한 쌀음료는 대조구로 사용된 상용 쌀음료를 5점으로 하였을 때 반응 표면 분석의 결과로 예측된 최고 점수가 5점이 약간 못 미치는 수준인 것을 보인다. 통계적 분석 방법의 결과인 Table 2의 전체 기호도 5의 수준에 도달하기 위한 비파엽 추출물의 첨가량에 대한 과당의 첨가량의 상관 관계를 유의성이 떨어지는 항목을 배제하여 회귀식을 단순화하여 과당과 비파엽 추출물만의 식으로 나타내고, 이를 근거로 하여 과당과 비파엽이 기준시료 총 기호도의 5점에 해당하는 수준을 도달하기 위한 상호간의 관계식을 구하였다. 그 결과 과당 첨가량 = 0.618 ${\times}$(비파엽 추출물 Brix 18 고형분량)$^2$ + 0.406 ${\times}$ (비파엽 추출물 Brix 18 고형분량)으로 계산되었다. 결론적으로 비파엽 추출물의 쓴맛을 감소하는 효과는 크림이 있으나 선호도는 과당의 첨가량이 비파엽 추출물을 포함하는 쌀음료의 기호도에 더 큰 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Architectural research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2011

This investigation, based on empirical research, examined the role of complexity and order in the aesthetic experience of architectural forms. The basic assumption of this study was that perception in architectural form is a process of interpreting a pattern in a reductive way. Thus, perceptual arousal is not determined by the absolute complexity of a configuration. Rather, the actual perceived complexity is a function of the organization of the system (order). In addition, complexity and order were defined and categorized into four variables according to their significant characteristics; simple order, complex order, random complexity, and lawful complexity. The series of experiments confirmed that there is a point on the psychological complexity dimension which is optimal. By demonstrating that consensual and individual aesthetic preference can be measured to have a unimodal function of relationship with complexity, the results of the experiments indicated that complexity and orderliness are effective design factors for enhancing aesthetics of a building facade. This investigation offered a conceptual framework that relates the physical (architectural form) and psychological factors (complexity and order) operating in the aesthetic experience of building facades.

• 한국통계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통계학회 2002년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.175-178
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• 2002

A number of controlled selection methods, which have some advantages for practical surveys in considering controls beyond stratification, have developed throughout the last half-century. With respect to the optimization of sampling plan, it is obvious that we may use optimal controlled selection in preference to satisfactory controlled selection. However, there are currently certain restrictions on the employment of optimal controlled selection. We present further research to improve an algorithm for optimal controlled selection and to develop standard software.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.263-271
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• 2012

암컷의 배우자 선택은 여러 수컷들이 가지고 있는 다양한 특성에서 각기 다른 종류의 정보를 수집, 종합하여 가장 최적의 개체를 배우자로 결정하는 매우 복잡한 행동이다. 본 연구에서는 순차적인 교배 시스템($4{\times}4$ block breeding)을 이용하여 각시붕어(Rhodeus uyekii) 암컷의 배우자 선택방식을 조사하였고, 가중과 비가중 유전적 이득의 상대적 기여도를 추정해 보고자 하였다. 실험장치 내에서 총 48회의 암, 수간 배우자 상호작용이 관찰되었고, 암컷은 일반적으로 카로티노이드 혼인색 발현이 강한 수컷들을 배우자로 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 배우자 선호 정도가 개체에 따라 차이가 나타나므로, 비가중적 요소도 암컷이 배우자를 선택하는데 있어 기여를 할 것으로 예상된다.