• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2017

PURPOSE: Muscle fatigue is a cause to change proprioception. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of calf muscle fatigue and visual control on postural balance during single-legged standing in healthy adults. METHODS: Nineteen healthy adults (male) were participated in this study (mean age: 24.36 years; mean height: 171.32 cm; mean weight: 64.58 kg). The postural balance (sway length, sway area, sway velocity of COG displacement) was measured by Balance Trainer System (BT4) in before and after calf muscle fatigue feeling in single legged stance. In this study, repetitive single-legged heel rise test was used to induce fatigue of the calf muscle. Paired t- test was used to compare the postural balance between before and after calf muscle fatigue. Data of subjects were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Level of significance was set to .05. RESULTS: The sway length, sway area, sway velocity of COG (center of gravity) displacement after calf muscle fatigue feeling was significantly increased compared to before calf muscle fatigue feeling during single leg standing both eye open and close conditions (p<.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that calf muscle fatigue feeling has affected on postural balance when standing one leg both eye open and close conditions and postural control was disturbed by muscle fatigue and visual feedback in single leg standing.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.47-63
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• 2010

This study provides a description of the glottal characteristics of the word-initial low vowels /a, $\ae$/ in terms of a set of acoustic parameters and discusses glottal configuration as their acoustic correlates. Furthermore, it examines the effect of prosodic boundary on the glottal properties of the vowels, seeking an account of the possible role of prosodic structure based on prosodic theory. Acoustic parameters reported to indicate glottal characteristics were obtained from the measurements made directly from the speech spectrum on recordings of Korean and English collected from 45 speakers. They consist of two separate groups of native Korean and native English speakers, each including both male and female speakers. Based on the three acoustic parameters of open quotient (OQ), first-formant bandwidth (B1), and spectral tilt (ST), comparisons were made between the speech of males and females, between the speech of native Korean and native English speakers, and between Korean and English produced by native Korean speakers. Acoustic analysis of the experimental data indicates that some or all glottal parameters play a crucial role in differentiating the speech groups, despite substantial interspeaker variations. Statistical analysis of the Korean data indicates prosodic strengthening with respect to the acoustic parameters B1 and OQ, suggesting acoustic enhancement in terms of the degree of glottal abduction and the glottal closure during a vibratory cycle.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제6권7호
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• pp.1169-1177
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• 2003

블록화 현상이란 입력 영상에 대해 매우 낮은 비트율로 블록 기반 부호화 방식을 수행할 때 복원 영상에서 나타나는 블록 형태의 왜곡을 의미한다. 본 논문에서는 스플라인 곡선 생성 방식을 적용한 블록화 현상 감소 알고리즘에 대해 회로를 설계하고 구현하여 동작을 확인한다. 설계된 회로는 영상 데이터의 저장을 위한 메모리, 알고리즘 실행을 위한 산술/논리 연산회로, 제어 신호를 발생하는 제어 블록으로 구성된다. 산술/논리 연산회로는 처리될 화소와 블록 경계간의 거리에 따른 가중치 계산 회로와 블록 경계에서 유리 B 스플라인을 적용한 화소값 계산 회로로 이루어진다. 모의실험을 통해 본 논문에서 설계된 회로는 매우 우수한 블록화 현상 감소 기능을 갖는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.474-481
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the application of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to the wastewater treatment systems employed in the Living Building Challenge. Methods: I reviewed a range of information on decentralized wastewater treatment technologies such as composting toilets, constructed wetlands, recirculating biofilters, membrane bioreactors, and MFCs. Results: The Living Building Challenge is a set of standards to make buildings more eco-friendly using renewable resources and self-treating water systems. Although there are various decentralized wastewater treatment technologies available, MFCs have been considered an attractive future option for a decentralized system as used in the Living Building Challenge. MFCs can directly convert substrate energy to electricity with high conversion efficiency at ambient and even at low temperatures. MFCs do not require energy input for aeration if using open-air cathodes. Moreover, MFCs have the potential for widespread application in locations lacking water and electrical infrastructure Conclusions: This paper demonstrated the feasibility of MFCs as a novel decentralized wastewater treatment system employed in the Living Building Challenge.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.613-624
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• 2005

In this study, we investigated the characteristic of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentrations in Shiwha area, which were measured using the Open-path FTIR Gas Analyzer. The passive samplers were set for a certain period of time to obtain the average concentration of toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene and styrene. In addition, VOCs concentration contour maps were constructed using the Tecplot program to illustrate the VOCs concentration distribution. The residential area showed higher concentrations than the industrial area. And the summer had higher concentration value than the winter. Also, we confirmed that the VOCs concentrations ranged from 2 to several tens ppb in the vicinity of an industry than diffused VOC concentration, whereas those ranged from 0 to 5 ppb in most other areas. It was conferred that the wind change with seasons significantly affects the distribution of VOCs concentrations such as a northwesterly wind in the winter or a southwestern wind in the summer.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2013

래스터 연산은 트루 컬러 이미지(픽스맵)나, 단색 이미지(비트맵)을 표현하기 위해서 광범위하게 사용된다. 이 기능은 이미지 프로세싱 기능이나, 폰트 출력 시에 강하게 요구된다. 반면에, OpenGL ES 하드웨어 등을 포함하는, 현재의 모바일 그래픽스 플랫폼들에서는 이 기능을 직접 제공하지는 않는다. 모바일 그래픽스 플랫폼들에서 이러한 래스터 연산을 완벽히 제공하기 위해서, 본 논문에서는 그래픽스 이미지들을 3차원 점들의 집합으로 해석하고, 풀-소프트웨어 구현 방식으로, 이들 3차원 점들을 전형적인 3차원 기하 파이프라인으로 처리하게 했다. 구현 결과는 충분한 실행 속도를 보였고, 정확도를 증명하기 위한 공식 검증 테스트(conformance test)들을 모두 통과하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.417-420
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• 2006

In these days, mobile application dealing with information contents on mobile or handheld devices such as mobile communicator, PDA or WAP device face the most important industrial needs. The motivation of this study is the design and implementation of mobile application using high resolution satellite imagery, large-sized image data set. Although major advantages of mobile devices are portability and mobility to users, limited system resources such as small-sized memory, slow CPU, low power and small screen size are the main obstacles to developers who should handle a large volume of geo-based 3D model. Related to this, the previous works have been concentrated on GIS-based location awareness services on mobile; however, the mobile 3D terrain model, which aims at this study, with the source data of DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and high resolution satellite imagery is not considered yet, in the other mobile systems. The main functions of 3D graphic processing or pixel pipeline in this prototype are implemented with OpenGL|ES (Embedded System) standard API (Application Programming Interface) released by Khronos group. In the developing stage, experiments to investigate optimal operation environment and good performance are carried out: TIN-based vertex generation with regular elevation data, image tiling, and image-vertex texturing, text processing of Unicode type and ASCII type.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.83.2-83.2
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• 2014

Flare and rotational variabilities induced by stellar activity are important for studying the effect of magnetic fields on the evolution of red dwarf stars. The level and frequency of magnetic activity in these stars have a different aspect at every moment of the observations due to the effect of age-rotation relation. The use of both tracers is thus essential to have a relatively homogeneous set of stellar activity data for statistical studies. The archival light curves and imaging data of the open cluster M37 taken by MMT 6.5m telescope were used for this work. In order to achieve much more accurate photometric precisions and also to make the most efficient use of the data, the entire imaging database were re-analyzed with our new time-series photometry technique and carefully calibration procedures. Based on the new light curves, we study, for the first time, a variety of aspects of those two variabilities in red dwarfs and their relation to magnetic activity. In this talk, we present all observational evidences that support the idea that the strength of magnetic activity is closely connected with the rotation rate of a star and its evolutionary status (age-activity-rotation paradigm). In conclusion, we suggest future directions to improve our understanding of stellar activity in cool stars with photometric time-series data.

• 정보학연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 전자상거래에 대한 WTO의 논의들 중 전자상거래 무관세화 문제를 중심으로 그 무역정책적 함의를 고찰해 보고자 한다. WTO에서의 전자상거래 무관세화 선언은 개방적 무역환경을 보장함으로써 전자상거래 서비스무역의 성장에 기여하고 있지만, 그 중요성이 다소 과대 평가되는 측면이 있다. 특히 전자상거래 무관세화 선언은 다른 수입규제수단의 사용에 대한 여지를 남겨두고 있기 때문에 그 자체가 자유로운 시장접근을 보장해 주는 것은 아니다. 따라서 GATS 하에서 이루어진 제한된 양허약속을 심화·확대시키고, GATS 규범을 명료화함으로써 보다 자유로운 전자상거래 서비스무역 환경을 조성해 나가야 한다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2017

This study began to learn wether or not satisfaction factor of rural tourism is effective to visit for the ordinary foreign people. Research method was parallel-site investigation literature, questionnaire. The analytical data of the study, literature 40 reviews, questionnaire 179 survey in 200 of the subject was using. Measurement and scale was set factors of satisfaction with 'Transportation Infrastructure', 'Festival Experience Program', 'Place', 'Room and Food', 'Local People', and 'Buying the Local Product' through the previous studies and preliminary survey. In the statistical analysis method, frequency analysis, crosstabs, multiple regression analysis and a structural equation model analysis was performed, using SPSS and AMOS program. The Structural analysis results showed 'Place' and 'Local People' have an positive effect on the 'Overall Satisfaction'. Satisfaction of the 'Festival ExperienceProgram', had a major impact also 'Intention of Revisit'. Finally for rural tourism fascination, the contents such as the distinctive local attraction, human resources, information transmission and convenient use is more important than the format and scale.