• 한국어병학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2018

2015년 2월부터 2018년 8월까지 총 1,253 마리의 자연산 명태 (Gadus chalcogrammus)를 강원도 고성 아야진항 근해에서 정치망을 사용하여 포획한 후, 바이러스 (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV; nervous necrosis virus, NNV; marine birnavirus, MABV) 모니터링을 RT-PCR법으로 수행하였다. One-step PCR법으로 비장시료 및 뇌시료에서는 대상 바이러스가 모두 검출되지 않았으며, 일부 시료를 two-step PCR법으로 검사한 결과 VHSV는 19.7% (36/183)의 비장시료에서 검출되었다. 또한, NNV는 4.4% (8/183)의 비장시료, 1.2% (3/259)의 뇌시료에서 검출되었다. 검출된 바이러스의 계통분석 결과, 기존의 국내에서 분리되는 바이러스의 유전형에 각각 속하는 것으로 나타났다 (Genotype IVa, RGNNV genotype). 바이러스의 분리를 시도하지 않아 검출된 바이러스의 활성은 알 수 없지만, 모든 양성 시료가 two-step PCR법으로 검출되었으므로 매우 낮을 것으로 추측된다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2007

Demand forecasting methods for a consumer product such as TV or refrigerator are widely known. However, sales forecast for a brand new product cannot be estimated using conventional forecasting methods. This study proposes a five-step procedure in forecasting a newly developed product. Step one defines functions in a High Touch product in order to estimate relative attraction of the product to consumer group. In step two, for a comparison purpose, a compatible product that is successfully penetrated into market is selected. Step three breaks a target population into many segments based on demography. Step four calculates relative attraction between the High Touch product and the compatible product. Finally, market penetration rate of the High Touch product is estimated using a bell-shaped diffusion curve of the compatible product. The process offers a method to estimate potential demand and growth pattern of the new High Touch product.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2016

최근 하천복원 사업은 과거 인공적인 부분을 개선하는 범위를 벗어나 격리차단된 구하도까지 복원하는 수준에 이르렀다. 구하도 복원은 하천 제방과 같은 종적 구조물에 의해 차단된 공간의 수리적 연결성 회복이 중요하다. 그러나 하천복원이 적절히 수행되었는지 관한 평가방법이 부족한 상황이기에 본 연구에서는 대상하천에서의 생태적 연결성 평가를 위한 수단을 제공하고자 한다. 이 연구에서 강우에 의한 유역유출 및 하도흐름 해석이 동시에 가능한 1차원 수치모형을 개발하여 청미천 유역에 적용한 바 있다. 특히 이 연구에서 1차원의 홍수추적 결과를 2차원의 공간분포로 변환시키고 시간에 따른 2차원의 수리특성으로부터 서식처적합도까지 산출하여 연결성 회복정도를 평가하는 수치모형을 개발하였으며, 이를 청미천 구하도 복원지역에 적용하였다. 복잡할 뿐만아니라 시간도 많이 소요되는 2차원의 분석을 수행하지 않고서도 1차원 수리특성 결과를 확장해서 2차원 수리특성을 쉽게 구할 수 있도록 한 것이 본 연구의 특징이다. 본 연구의 결과를 이용하면 구간별 대상종별 서식처적합도를 용이하게 산정할 수 있다.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2003

Epoxidized polybutadiene (EPB) was prepared by polybutadiene (PB) with m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) in homogeneous solution. EPB was blended with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) up to 30 wt% by solution-precipitation procedure. The thermal decomposition of PHB/EPB blends was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The thermograms of PHB/EPB blends contained a two-step degradation process, while that of pure PHB sample exhibited only one-step degradation process. This degradation behavior of PHB/EPB blends, which have a higher thermal stability as measured by maximum decomposition temperature and residual weight, is probably due to crosslinking reactions of the epoxide groups in the EPB component with the carboxyl chain ends of PHB fragments during the degradation process, and the occurrence of such reactions can be assigned to the exothermic peaks in their DTA thermograms.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.127-143
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• 2009

Tough-construction is, undoubtedly, one of the most puzzling syntactic problems in the history of transformational grammar. Various approaches have been proposed including Deletion approaches (Akmajian, 1972; Lasnik and Fiengo, 1974) and movement approaches. Among the movement approaches, Chomsky (1977; 1981) argues for movement of null Operator, and Hornstein (2001) argues for a two-step movement equipped with Sideward movement. Most recently, Schueler (2004) and Hartman (2009) each have also argued for a kind of movement approach. With the development of the Minimalist syntax (Chomsky, 1995; Chomsky, 2000; Chomsky, 2001), tough-construction, an age old problem in the description of grammar, turns into another round toward to a more satisfactory answer. By examining the most recent competing analyses of tough-constructions, this paper defends and extends Schueler's (2004) analysis, rather than Hartman's (2009) two step movement approach. Furthermore, this paper proposes that tough-subject originates from the intermediate CP internal Spec-TopicP position rather than from the iterated CP layer (Authier, 1992). This approach has more descriptive power than it was originally argued for in Schueler (2004) and is a step closer toward Minimalism insofar as the conception of government is no longer utilized.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.422-429
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• 1990

The experimental study investigates two aspects of counterflow sensible heat regenerator operation. First, it examines the regenerator performance in periodic steady state operation with spatially nonuniform inlet temperature in one of the fluid stream. Second, the study examines the transient response of a regenerator to a step change in the inlet temperature of one of the fluid streams. The effect of transient inlet temperatures is analyzed in terms of the response of the outlet fluid temperatures to a step change in temperature of one of the inlet fluid streams. The effect of temperature nonuniformities is analyzed in terms of the change of temperature nonuniformities is analyzed in terms of the change in steady state effectiveness due to a circumferential temperature distribution in one of the inlet fluid streams. an experimental analysis has been conducted using a counterflow, parallel passage, and rotary regenerator made from polyethylene film. Efficiencies follow similar trends with increasing matrix to fluid capacity rate ratio for the balanced and symmetric regenerator with nonuniform inlet temperature.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2007

Three phosphorus functional groups were introduced in one structural unit of polymer backbone to enhance the flame retardancy of PU coatings. In the first step, we synthesized tetramethylene bis(orthophosphate) (TBOP) that contained two phosphorus functional groups in one structural unit. In the next step, we synthesized modified polyesters (ATBTP-10C, -20C, -30C) that contained triphosphorus group using TBOP, 1,4-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, adipic acid, and another functional monomer, phenylphosphonic acid (PPA). The amount of PPA in ATBTPs was adjusted from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. The structure and characteristics of ATBTPs were examined using FT-IR, NMR, GPC, and TGA analysis. From the thermo-behavior test of diphosphorus modified polyester (ATBT) and ATBTPs, the afterglow of ATBT, ATBTP-10C, ATBTP-20C, and ATBTP-30C were 24.7, 27.1, 29.0, and 31.7%, respectively. It was found from this result that the afterglow increased with the amount of PPA component.

• 센서학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2015

In order to prevent drink-driving by detecting concentration of alcohol from driver's exhale breath, twenty chemical sensors fabricated. The one of purposes for sensor array which consists of those sensors is to discriminate between target gas(alcohol) and interference gases($CH_3CH_2OH$, CO, NOx, Toluene, and Xylene). Wilks's lambda was presented to achieve above purpose and optimal sensors were selected using the method. In this paper, step-wise sensor elimination based on Euclidean distance was investigated for selecting optimal sensors and compared with a result of Wilks's lambda method. The selectivity and sensitivity of sensor array were used for comparing performance of sensor array as a result of two methods. The data acquired from selected sensor were analyzed by pattern analysis methods, principal component analysis and Sammon's mapping to analyze cluster tendency in the low space (2D). The sensor array by stepwise sensor elimination method had a better sensitivity and selectivity compared to a result of Wilks's lambda method.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.72-78
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• 1996

본 논문에서는 2차원 양방향 포물선 방정식 법과 푸리에 변환을 이용하여 3차원 굴절현상 및 3차원 후방 산란파를 포함하는 $2\frac12$차원 문제를 푸는 방법에 대해 다루었다. 여기서 $2\frac12$ 차원 문제란 2차원적 해양환경 하에 3차원적 음원이 존재할 경우를 의미한다. 2차원 양방향 포물선 방정식법은 수치기법으로 깊이 방향과 수평거리 방향에 대해 각각 Galerkin법과 Crank-Nicolson법을 사용하며 수직 불연속 경계면에 의한 후방 산란파를 포함한 수평거리 의존 문제에 대해 유용한 해를 제공한다. 2차원 해양환경에서는 파수 k가 종 또는 횡 수평거리 방향과 깊이 방향에 대한 함수이므로 3차원 Helmholtz방정식 법을 이용해 스펙트럴 해를 구하여 다시 푸리에 역변환하면 최종 해를 구할 수 있다. 본 연구방법의 정확성을 시험하기 위해서 계단형 해저면을 갖는 간단한 해양환경에서 계산을 수행해 보았으며 대한해협의 특정지역에서의 3차원적 음파전달 특성을 살펴보았다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.71-93
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• 2015

With the rapid growth of the internet, electronic commerce has become accepted as one of the major purchasing channels for consumers. As more and more consumers search for and purchase products through the internet, intra-industry competition of electronic commerce has become fierce. Therefore, electronic commerce service providers pay attention to factors that prevent existing customers from leaving there services in the service failure situation. In this regard, electronic commerce service providers should make service recovery efforts for consumer recovery satisfaction after service failure. In this study, we suggest that procedural justice, interactional justice, distributive justice and authenticity have positive impacts on recovery satisfaction. In addition, we also propose that involvement plays moderating roles in the relationships between procedural justice, interactional justice, distributive justice, authenticity and recovery satisfaction. We collected empirical data for this study over a period of two weeks from subjects who had service failure recovery experiences through electronic commerce. A total of 224 complete and valid responses were obtained. We carried out data analysis using a two-step methodology with SPSS 20.0 and SmartPLS 2.0. The first step in the data analysis was to establish the internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity of the constructs. In the second step, we examined the structural model. The empirical results support the proposed model and partly identify the moderating effect of involvement differences. The moderate effect results show that procedural justice, distributive justice and authenticity have different impacts on recovery satisfaction in two groups. Cognitive factor such as the procedural justice and distributive justice have stronger impacts on recovery satisfaction in the high-involvement goods than in the low-involvement goods, while emotional factor such as authenticity has a stronger impact on recovery satisfaction in the low-involvement goods than in the high-involvement goods. We expect that this result will provide researchers and managers who are interested in electronic commerce service failure recovery with useful theoretical and practical implications.