• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.12
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• pp.3296-3314
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• 2012

We present a novel approach for the simulation of color pencil effects using line integral convolution (LIC) to produce pencil drawings from images. Our key idea is to use a bilateral convolution filter to simulate the various effects of pencil strokes. Our filter resolves the drawbacks of the existing convolution-based schemes, and presents an intuitive control to mimic the properties of pencil strokes. We also present a scheme that determines stroke directions from the shapes to be drawn. Smooth tangent flows are used for the pixels close to feature lines, and partially parallel flows inside regions. The background is rendered using a flow of fixed direction. Using different styles of stroke directions increases the realism of the resulting images. This approach produces convincing pencil drawing effects from photographs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.165-170
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• 2000

본 논문에서 소개할 온라인 앨범 사이트는 텍스트 기반의 이미지 검색과 색상 기반 검색이 가능한 검색 엔진을 갖추었다. 기존의 검색 엔진들은 매우 단순한 키워드 매칭만을 통하여 이미지를 검색하여 그 결과 이미지와 사용자가 찾고자 하는 이미지 사이의 유사성이 낮은 경우가 많았다. SUMMIT(Sejong University MultiMedia Information Technology)은 등록된 각 사용자에게 개별 공간을 할당하여 사용자가 스스로 원하는 이미지를 업로드하거나 다운로드하게 한다. 또한, 각 사용자는 자신이 구성한 앨범 내에서의 키워드 검색과 내용기반 검색을 수행할 수 있으며 다른 사용자가 공개한 이미지나 시스템 데이터베이스에 저장된 이미지까지 포함한 포괄적인 검색 결과도 획득할 수 있다. 본 시스템은 각 사용자별 페이지 내에서의 검색이 가능하므로 검색의 정확도와 활용도를 높일 수 있다. 사용자는 SUMMIT에 올린 이미지나 타인이 공개한 이미지를 자신 혹은 기타 홈페이지에 직접 하이퍼링크할 수 있으며 어느 페이지에서도 같은 이미지 링크 태그를 사용할 수 있다는 용이함도 취할 수 있다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.9 no.1_2
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• pp.25-35
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• 1994

Many nephrotoxic agents exert their effect primarily on the cells of the proximal tubules. We used the LLC-$PK_1$, kidney epithelial cell line as a model system for studies on nephrotoxicity and investigated whether the uptake of $\alpha$-methylglucose($\alpha$-MG) could serve as a parameter to assess effects of nephrotoxicants on the functional integrity of the cells at an early time of toxicity. The enzyme leakage test which has been used to be as a conventional cytotoxic parameter in vitro, was conducted to compare with $\alpha$-MG uptake. Treatment with cisplatin for 24 and 48 hours significantly increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase and $\gamma$-glutamyltransferase in culture medium at a concentration of 50$\mu$M. However, above 100$\mu$M of concentration, activities of these enzymes in media were dramatically decreased by cisplatin. These observations indicate that cisplatin has direct inhibitory effect on the activities of these enzymes and make it doutful to use enzyme leakage test to demonstrate damage of kidney cells by chemicals such as cisplatin over the appropriate range of concentration. Cisplatin inhibited $\alpha$-MG uptake at a low concentration which enzymes were not leaked. Also cadmium chloride and mercuric chloride which are acutely nephrotoxic in vivo, significantly inhibited $\alpha$-MG uptake at a low concentration. These results indicate that the uptake of $\alpha$-methylglucose in LLC-$PK_1$cell line is a useful biomarker for the study of nephrotoxicity.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.277-283
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• 2009

One of the limitations to conducting maize Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using explants of immature zygotic embryos routinely is the availability of the explants. To produce immature embryos routinely and continuously requires a well-equipped greenhouse and laborious artificial pollination. To overcome this limitation, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system using explants of type II embryogenic calli was developed. Once the type II embryogenic calli are produced, they can be subcultured and/or proliferated conveniently. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate a stable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of maize using explants of type II embryonic calli and to evaluate the efficiency of the protocol in order to develop herbicide-resistant maize. The type II embryogenic calli were inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 carrying binary vector pTF102, and then were subsequently cultured on the following media: co-cultivation medium for 1 day, delay medium for 7 days, selection medium for $4{\times}14$ days, regeneration medium, and finally on germination medium. The T-DNA of the vector carried two cassettes (Ubi promoter-EPSPs ORF-nos and 35S promoter-bar ORF-nos). The EPSPs conferred resistance to glyphosate and bar conferred resistance to phosphinothricin. The confirmation of stable transformation and the efficiency of transformation was based on the resistance to phosphinothricin indicated by the growth of putative transgenic calli on selection medium amended with $4mg\;1^{-1}$ phosphinothricin, northern blot analysis of bar gene, and leaf painting assay for detection of bar gene-based herbicide resistance. Northern blot analysis and leaf painting assay confirmed the expression of bar transgenes in the $R_1$ generation. The average transformation efficiency was 0.60%. Based on northern blot analysis and leaf painting assay, line 31 was selected as an elite line of maize resistant to herbicide.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.153-168
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• 2021

Purpose - In this study, we aim to explore new distribution strategies for sustainable growth in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, focusing on SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) in Korea, and suggest ways to upgrade the government's official distribution channel to the next level. Design/methodology - First of all, this paper explored the prior research, the current status of sales support for SMEs, and the changes in the distribution industry due to COVID-19 pandemic. Based on Moon (2016)'s ABCD strategic model - Agility, Benchmarking, Convergence, and Dedication, the study then derived directions in which official distribution channels should move and the new distribution strategy for Korean SMEs to secure competitive advantage. Findings - First, in terms of 'Agility', in order to upgrade official distribution channels, which are currently at some competitive disadvantages compared to private distribution companies, we must quickly introduce technologies for the 4th industrial revolution, such as AI, Big Data, etc., and establish precise strategies to strengthen the capabilities of SMEs. Second, in terms of 'Benchmarking', the use of "Chamelezones" has been increasing to enhance the competitiveness of offline stores in line with recent ontact trends. Therefore, official distribution channels should also benchmark such cases, strengthening their competitiveness by utilizing offline spaces more efficiently and effectively. Third, in terms of 'Convergence', in line with the rapidly changing trend of the times, official distribution channels should also promote active partnerships with media commerce, e-commerce and ICT platforms, as well as cooperation with private retailers, and focus on creating synergy effects through them. Finally, from the perspective of 'Dedication', digitalization should be promoted step by step, finding the sector that can accelerate digital among the value chains of official distribution channels, and continuing to discuss how to digitize it realistically. Originality/value - Based on this analysis, we have presented strategies and implications for innovating official distribution channels for SMEs, which will contribute to enhancing the competitive advantage of official distribution channels in the post COVID-19 pandemic era.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.573-588
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a novel video quality degradation monitoring scheme titled VR-VQMS(Visual Rhythm based Video Quality Monitoring Scheme) over an IPTV service prone to packet losses during network transmission. Proposed scheme quantifies the amount of quality degradation due to packet losses, and can be classified into a RR(reduced-reference) based quality measurement scheme exploiting visual rhythm data of H.264-encoded video frames at a media server and reconstructed ones at an Set-top Box as feature information. Two scenarios, On-line and Off-line VR-VQMS, are proposed as the practical solutions. We define the NPSNR(Networked Peak-to-peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) modified by the well-known PSNR as a new objective quality metric, and several additional objective and subjective metrics based on it to obtain the statistics on timing, duration, occurrence, and amount of quality degradation. Simulation results show that the proposed method closely approximates the results from 2D video frames and gives good estimation of subjective quality(i.e.,MOS(mean opinion score)) performed by 10 test observers. We expect that the proposed scheme can play a role as a practical solution to monitor the video quality experienced by individual customers in a commercial IPTV service, and be implemented as a small and light agent program running on a resource-limited set-top box.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.37-48
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the response and the recognition of students of blended learning. Set up the following study problem in order to achieve a study purpose. How are a response and a recognition of learner about blended learning? To study, Designed blended learning environment, and analyzed a bulletin board and a log file, and made up a question for 15 weeks after proceeding a class in order to recognition and response about the results operating blended learning. The results as follows: First, A lot of students prefer education in blended learning environment, and participate positively in activity in on-line activity. Second, When study in blended learning environment about media be prudent must select. Third, Confirmed the fact that various role of Instructor needed. Therefore, the design and operation of blended learning, which mixes traditional teaching methods and a modern on-line method, is meaningful.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.86-94
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• 2012

With enforcement of five-day workweek system, leisure time for family has increased. However, there is imbalance between demand and supply of leisure because of the absence of proper way for spending leisure time with family. On the other hand, TV, which has been playing an important role as a media for family, shows new possibility of interaction with advent of Smart TV. With this tendency, now it could be an appropriate time for researching the healthy way to spend leisure time on weekend with family. Therefore this paper aims to propose a family farming contents called 'Our Farm', which links on-line and off-line. To firm up necessity and appropriateness of this paper, I analyzed existing thesis and games for family and did FGI(Focus Group Interview) with a family. In this research, I proposed the picture UI based on results of investigation.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.663-670
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to define On-line Video Syllabus Template which is based on adaptive mode with interaction.A syllabus has the significance as a teaching and learning plan. However, it has not only been considered as a formal document, has also been limited into a simple query since it has been made into a fragmentary structure, lacking of link between other services and reuse. Additionally, this paper is aimed to design three-dimensional syllabus which makes it possible to provide students with practical information related to teaching and learning and share it with teachers and students. The following is the technique proposed in this paper. It is made to be served for the Syllabus centered on teaching and learning, which is including the definition of hierarchy structure, the media contents application according to the learner's preference and real-time variation function. On-line Video Syllabus provided through LMS has availability and credibility of teaching and learning, in that it enable increased utilization by strengthening convenience.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.12A no.2 s.92
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• pp.181-190
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• 2005

The development of web-based distance education surroundings is steadily achieving. However the studying on the learning effect of learners is still weak against development of educational media itself. At present, most of the distance education system is showing limits in the evaluation of the learning effect because the teaming evaluation depends on mid or final-term exams by on-line or off-line. There is a strong point that the distance education is free from space and time. One of present weak points is limitation of evaluating learner's attitude which can estimate learning effects. Earnest teaming attitude at distance education is important factor for improving the learning effects. In this paper, we propose a model for improving the teaming effects by forcing real-time evaluation and returning feedback to learners at the cyber lectures. The developed experimental system is verified its possibilities.