• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.331-339
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• 2024

This study seeks to expand the jewelry market and overall development of the industry by understanding the fashion jewelry market and researching marketing strategies based on changes in market consumption. Looking at recent changes in the jewelry market, the number of new consumers (fashion jewelry buyers) has increased since 2014, leading to a recovery in purchases and strong sales. However, the decline in costs is prolonged, the focus on purchasing low-priced products is increasing, and there is a growing trend of purchasing products other than rings. Items are becoming more diverse, including bracelets and necklaces, and the popularity of imported products and brands is intensifying. Ultimately, the penetration of fashion jewelry and the growth of imported brands are expected to continue for a long time. The fashion jewelry market is a market that appears to have ample potential to grow into a larger market, filling the structural limitations of the jewelry market and providing consumer satisfaction in line with recent consumption trends. If so, We need to think about how to grow and develop this market, and We need to view it as a jewelry market in a broad sense, and it is a market that can serve as a bridgehead for the precious metal jewelry market to expand into the accessory market in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to create a jewelry market by utilizing the advantages of fashion jewelry, such as diversity of materials and expressions, price competitiveness, wide distribution channels and consumer accessibility, reflection of trends, and consumer awareness.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of growth opportunities on capital structure and dividend policy in Indonesia. The study employs panel data of companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange that distribute dividends from 2007 to 2017. Fixed and random effect regression models are used. Findings based on growth opportunities on capital structure and dividend policy in Indonesia are in line with the existing theory (i.e., contracting theory). Growth opportunities have a significant negative correlation with debt ratio and dividend yield, which suggests that firms with high growth opportunities are discouraged to generate debt to resolve underinvestment and asset-substitution problem. Firms with more investment opportunities tend to adopt a low dividend payout policy because the cash flows will be used up for investment. The positive impact of firm size on leverage is due to the low bankruptcy risk and cost of a large company. Profitability has a positive impact on the dividend policy because profitable companies can reserve larger free cash flows and, thus, pay higher dividends. The positive influence of ownership on leverage is interpreted by the unwillingness of majority stockholders to commit to equity financing in order to avoid reducing the ownership and preserve control of the company.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-22
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• 2011

This paper is a study on the information required for developing Korean clothing products intended for Chinese students in Korea and for opening markets of Korean clothing and brands in China. It analyses the buying behaviors, purchasing ability, the favourite apparel type for clothing, and satisfaction with Korean clothing and brands of Chinese students in Korea, with which it seeks a program for South Korea branding to enter into the Chinese clothing market. Three hundred fifty seven students of Hannam University and PaiChai University Chung nam National University in Daejeon-city took part in this study. This paper adopts Descriptive Analysis, Crossing Analysis, Bivariate Correlations, and One-way ANOVA in SPSS 17.0 with Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons to know about the impact of demographic variables of Chinese students in Korea on buying information sources, the criteria for store selection, buying capacity, praise degree on various properties of Korean clothes products and their satisfaction with Korean clothes products. The first proposal of expanding China market for Korean merchants is to achieve maximum sales based on sales promotion strategies, such as the credit card corporations, the store display and sales person service development, SPA, design size development, and to upgrade consumption values. The second proposal is Korean clothes corporations should open the Internet shopping corresponding to the physical stores, the most frequently used information source of Chinese students is the network, from the age distribution of Internet users in 2008 in China, population above 10 and below 30 accounts for 66.7% of all users, In recommending clothes made in Korea to Chinese young people, on-line advertising will get better effects than other strategies, specially during advertisement, they should take good use of Korean television shows and variety shows or help Chinese poor areas to do the social contribution hereby to improve the public image of Korean clothes corporations, which can bring good sale promotion effects as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.711-719
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• 2019

At present, wind power is the fastest growing technology in the world. The domestic market depends heavily on imports for wind tower lift. so it manage through the overseas maker. The lift manufacture, establishment and maintenance utility is increasing, localization development of one wind tower lift is necessary with domestic fundamental base technique. In this paper, we will study the components necessary for the development of onshore offshore wind tower elevators, which are currently dependent on total imports, in line with the high growth of the wind market and the enlargement of the wind power generators. First of all, endless winders and cabins, which are the core components of the offshore wind tower lift, were examined for the components that affect the structural safety. Structural analysis was performed on Sheave, which is responsible for most of the lift lifting loads, and Block Stop, a safety device that prevents the cabin from falling in an emergency. The structural suitability was evaluated by comparing with the safety factor. In addition, the on-board control panel combines the control panel of the elevator and the drive motor driving the endless winder for efficient control of the offshore wind tower lift. The addition of features improves ride comfort at departure.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-115
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• 2012

This study empirically examines the impact of changes in market shares among retailing types on the price index. The retailing type is classified into 6 groups: department store, big mart, super market, convenient store, specialty merchant, and on-line store. The market shares of retailing types are calculated by the ratio of each retailing type monthly sales to total monthly retailing sales in which total retailing sales is the sum of each retailing type sales. We employed several price indices: consumer price index (CPI), CPI for living necessaries, and fresh food price index. In addition, this study used fundamental price indices based on 25 product families as well as 42 representative products. The empirical model also included several variables in order to control for the macroeconomic effects and those variables are the exchange rate, M1, an oil price, and the industrial production index. The data is monthly time-series data spanning over the period from January 2000 to December 2010. In order to test for the stability of data series, we conducted ADF test and PP test in which the model and length of lag were determined by the relevant previous literature and based on the AIC. The empirical results indicate that changes in market shares among retailing types have impacts on the price index. Table A shows that impacts differ as to which price index to use and which product families and products to use. For department store, it lowers the price of food and non-alcoholic beverages, home appliances, fresh food, fresh and vegetables, but it keeps the price high for fresh fruit. The big mart retailing type has a positive impact on the price of food, nut has a negative effect on clothing and foot wear, non-food, and fresh fruit. For super market, it has a positive impact on food and non-alcoholic beverages, fresh food, fresh shellfishes, but increases the price of CPI for living necessaries and non-food. The specialty merchant retailing type increases the price level of CPI for living necessaries and fresh fruit. For on-line store type, it keeps the price high for CPI for living necessaries and non-food as well as fresh fruit. For the analysis based on 25 product families shows that changes in market shares among retailing types also have different effects on the price index. Table B summarizes the different results. The 42 representative product level analysis is summerized in Table C and it indicates that changes in market shares among retailing types have different effects on the price index. The study offers the theoretical and practical implication to these findings and also suggests the direction for the further analysis.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.127-153
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• 2010

This study explores the locomotives of the growth in the Korean online shopping industry upon the theoretical basis based on the last 10 years' rapid changing environment. This attempt reveals the counter-arguments against preemtive effects based on the observation of reintermediation process in the online industry. We reviewed the NEBIC model proposed by Wheeler(2002) and propose the growth model, double helix framework based on the dynamic capability view. Furthermore the relevance of the proposed framework was validated with the review of last 10 years' sales and market share data in the online shopping industry. Meanwhile we found the limits of online market growth with the open market domination. So future of the online shopping retailers is depending on the development of the channel functions and merchandising on the basis of self-capability. Based on the tentative conclusion, we also suggest implications for the policy makers. Firstly policy facilitating the specialization of the power sellers incubased in the open market is necessary for the sustainable online market growth. And the establishment of the control tower is suggested to coordinate the consistency of the policies and regulations. And the device of the incentive is also proposed to strengthen the open markets' function to facilitate the small and medium online merchants.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.75-87
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• 2020

As the online industry is vitalized by the fashion market, there is a tendency to believe that the recruitment of manpower in the online distribution field is increasing. Thus, this study attempts to analyze the job types and job functions for recruitment in the fashion industry based on job search sites and based on this, suggest an educational direction within the department of fashion design. First, when examining the size (number of employees) of fashion companies that posted jobs, the fashion companies with 30 or fewer employees accounted for 60.7% of the postings, and the location of the fashion companies was most commonly in Seoul with 144 companies located in Gangnam (Seocho-gu, Gangnam-gu). As for the recruitment conditions of the fashion companies, "academic level-irrelevant" was the highest with 42.6%, and in terms of gender and age, 59.3% of the cases were marked as "gender and/or age-irrelevant". Examining the types of jobs for recruitment in the fashion industry, fashion designers were the most popular at 52.6%, followed by on and off-line companies' MD, VMD, and stylist in that order. In the results of examining job function change, it is thought that the fashion design department should have basic educationon in that respect.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.42
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• pp.105-123
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• 2016

The webtoon market has been consisently developing in the digital market. Under such circumstances, The Korea webtoon market is rapidly growing and leading of them. This is the time to prepare the base of a stable environment for the webtoon market which shows a swift rise. The Korean webtoon is surely aiming at the global market as well as the domestic one. As the Korean webtoon companies spread out to the world briskly, The leading publication cartoon market, Japan tries to break into the Korean digital market. The domestic market that has the good-quality cartoons through exportation and importation to make people of all ages enjoy them. and also the Korean webtoon is in the center of the global webtoon markert. The early model of Korean webtoon, line-webtoon is translated in English, Chinese, Thai language and Indonesian language to use on the mobile applications and web. Nevertheless, It is just the stating point. With Eradicating of the Achilles heel of the digital contents, illegal distribution and finding materials for cultural discount rate minimized cartoon, The Korean webtoon can become the highest in the global market and hold it. Moreover, not only webtoon but also published cartoons are existing together to have a long run. Beyond the existing cartoon books printed on paper, we should reach toward the digital books with portability and economic feasibility to make the contents stay out longer.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.5A no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 2005

In many countries, the electric power industry is undergoing significant changes known as deregulation and restructuring. These alterations introduce competition in generation and retail and require open access to the transmission network. The competition of the electric power industry causes many issues to surface. Among them, unbundling of the transmission service is probably the most complicated as it is a single and integrated sector and the transmission revenue requirement must be allocated to market participants in a fair way. In these situations, it is valuable to research the methodologies to allocate transmission usage. The power tracing method offers useful information such as which generators supply a particular load or how much each generator (load) uses a particular transmission line. With this information, we can allocate required transmission revenue to market participants. Recently, several algorithms were proposed for tracing power flow but there is no dominant power tracing method. This paper proposes a power tracing method based on graph theory and complex-current distribution. For practicability, the proposed method for transmission usage allocation is applied to IEEE 30 buses and compared with the method proposed by Felix F.Wu.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.49-75
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• 2022

This paper analyzes how franchise contract conditions are influenced by business structures as well as how contract conditions affect producer surplus by utilizing Korean franchise Information Disclosure Documents for the years 2014-2016. We find that franchise fees tend to increase in line with increases in the numbers of direct stores or the business period. Accordingly, it would be reasonable to check whether the franchise fee is excessive compared to the amount of reputation capital rather than to criticize the absolute level of the franchise fee. Regarding royalty contracts, the larger the discount in the raw materials purchase is, the higher the initial royalty is. Although this appears to be a royalty discount, it can be a means of inducing a raw materials purchase contract by initially setting a high royalty rate and then lowering it after the purchase contract is signed. Concerning the effect on producer surplus, the results show that an increase in franchise fees and royalties negatively affects the franchisee's operating profits but positively affects those of the franchisor's, leading to conflicts over the distribution of economic value added. Based on the findings here, we propose various policy recommendations, specifically reinforcing the contents in the Information Disclosure Document, further activating fixed-rate royalties, and strengthening the qualifications of franchisors when recruiting franchisees.