• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.12.1-12.9
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• 2021

The mosquito-borne pathogen Zika virus may result in neurological disorders such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly. The virus is classified as a member of the Flaviviridae family and its wide spread in multiple continents is a significant threat to public health. So, there is a need to develop animal models to examine the pathogenesis of the disease and to develop vaccines. To examine the clinical profile during Zika virus infection, we infected neonatal and adult wild-type mice (C57BL/6 and Balb/c) and compared the clinical signs of African-lineage strain (MR766) and Asian-lineage strain (PRVABC59, MEX2-81) of Zika virus. Consistent with previous reports, eight-week-old female Balb/c mice infected with these viral strains showed no changes in body weight, survival rate, and neurologic signs, but demonstrated increases in the weights of spleens and hearts. However, one-day-old neonates showed significantly lower survival rate and body weight with the African-lineage strain than the Asian-lineage strain. These results confirmed the pathogenic differences between Zika virus strains. We also evaluated the clinical responses in neonatal and adult mice of different strains. Our findings suggest that these are useful mouse models for characterization of Zika virus for vaccine development.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.3-30
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• 2011

When the European Union countries (EU27) are viewed as the composition between the old member countries (EU15) and the new member states (NMS12), the statistics exhibit that the EU15 is the largest trade partner of the NMS12. According to the Korea-EU FTA agreement, the existing patterns of trade among the EU15, the NMS12, and Korea may create not only the increase in trade opportunity between the NMS12 and Korea, but also the higher rivalry threat on export from the NMS12 to the EU15 destination due to the potential increase in export from Korea to the EU15 market. This research examines in both potential impacts at the 3-digit level of SITC Rev.3 industry, in the point of view of the NMS12. Various conventional trade indices are employed in the study. However, the existing trade index exhibits the limitation for measuring the different degree of rivalry threat on exports of two different exporters in the same export destination. Hence, this study develops a new trade index, the so-called Rivalry Threat Index (RTI), to measure the export competition between the NMS12 and Korea in the EU15 destination. The results indicate that from the point of view of the NMS12, the EU-Korea FTA agreement may cause Korea acts as a trade partner and as an export competitor simultaneously.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 1981

This study was designed to analyze the result of Tb worker's activities on the performance of follow up program as part of the government tuberculosis program. The specific objectives of this study was also to improve the method of managing the patient who were registered at health center by the setting the priorities depend upon in their results of sputum examination and X-ray examination. All the medical records of 509 patients who were dropped out from government health center in Kyongnam area during 1978, were analyzed and interpreted. Followings are the result of the study. 1. The number of investigated cases were 509 (356% males and 153 females), by age the most prevalent group was 20~29 year old group as 27.3% and 20~40 year old group was 61.5%, above 61 year old was 14.9%. 2. The microscopic result of their sputum was positive in 52.1%, and by X-ray examination moderate advanced case was 63.9% minimal 18.5% and far advanced 17.6% in order. 3. Average duration of treatment was 9.03 months, 11.4 months in microscopic positive cases and 6.5 months in negative cases. 4. Conversion rate of microscopic positive case was 42.9% on sputum culture, in the negative cases, it was confirmed in negative 20.1% only by the initial sputum culture. 5. The rate who get take X-ray and sputum examination among any family member of the patients was 43.4% in positive cases, 20.9% in negative cases. 6. 80.2% of positive cases took X-ray for following up in every 6 month after registration, 41.0% in negative cases. 7. Defaulting reasons which recorded in individual card were undetermined reason (42.0%), treating elswhere (22. 4%), refused treatment (17.9%) and moved out (17.7%).

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.504-507
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• 2009

구조용 재료중에서 목재는 비중에 비하여 강도가 크고. 가공성이 우수하며, 뛰어난 미관을 가지고 있다는 장점이 있지만 다른 건축 구조재료에 비하여 연소와 부식의 우려뿐만 아니라, 쉽게 부패하고 변형이 되는 단점도 가지고 있는 것이 사실이다. 이러한 단점에 의해 생긴 심각한 결함은 건물을 붕괴할 수도 있다. 따라서, 오늘날 목재가 사용된 건축물의 경제적인 유지관리가 중요시 되고 있다. 본 연구는 이질재료와 접합된 노후화된 목재 부재의 성능을 분석하여 쉽게 부패하고 변형이 되는 목재의 효율적인 유지관리방향의 기초를 확립하고자 하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.157-160
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• 2009

Although the incidence of esophageal atresia (EA) is higher in twins than in singletons by two to three times, EA usually affects only one member of twins. We report one pair of twins concordant for EA. A 31-year-old healthy woman bore monozygotic female twins at 36 weeks of gestation. They weighed 2,216 and 2,480 g, respectively. They had EA with distal tracheoesophageal fistula and underwent primary esophageal anastomosis on the birth day and the $2^{nd}$ day of life, respectively. Twin A also had suspicious antral obstruction and pyloroplasty was done simultaneously with esophageal repair. She needed antral web excision for continued gastric stasis one month after $1^{st}$ operation and three balloon dilatations of the esophagus. Twin B recovered uneventfully.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.85-91
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find out the effective planning guidelines of elderly housing fur the aged people living with their sons or daughters. To investigate the actual conditions and the problems of housing environments, two hundred and six old people in Gwangiu city, aged over sixty and living with their sons and daughters, were interviewed individually and they provided the useful answers to the questions. The houses for three generations need to have the proper degree of privacy fur each family member, by arranging rooms for their own independent living space while securing the sufficient common space. Therefore, independent and safe living environments are to be made for the elderly and the choice of various types be made according to their own demands. It is also necessary to guarantee the continuation of inhabitation by establishing health care systems and life support services.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.41-45
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• 2012

Transcription factors govern diverse aspects of cell growth and differentiation as major switches of gene expression. Etv5, a member of the E26 transformation-specific family of transcription factors, has many stories to share when it comes to reproduction. Etv5 deficient mice show complex infertility phenotypes both in males and females. In males, the infertility phenotype exhibited by Etv5 deficiency is sexually dimorphic, and it involves both somatic cells and germ cells. In $Etv5^{-/-}$ female mice, the problem is more complicated by hormonal involvement. This review synthesizes old and new information on this versatile transcription factor-from the inadvertent discovery of its role in the testes to its newly discovered role in maintaining spermatogonial stem cells.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.533-536
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• 2016

A 26-year-old male member of the Australian Defense Force presented with a history of central abdominal pain of 4 weeks duration and peripheral eosinophilia consistent with eosinophilic enteritis. Acute hookworm disease was diagnosed as the cause. Adult worms recovered from feces after therapy with albendazole were morphologically consistent with Ancylostoma ceylanicum. As the patient had been deployed with the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands for 6 months prior to this presentation, it is very likely that the A. ceylanicum was acquired in Solomon Islands. Until now, it has been assumed that any Ancylostoma spp. recovered from humans in Solomon Islands is A. duodenale. However, this case demonstrates that human hookworm infection acquired in the Solomon Islands could be caused by A. ceylanicum.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.530-539
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to explore and describe the lived experience of adolescents with physical handicap by means of the Colaizzi's phenomenological method. The participants were 15 adolescents, 10-19 years old, who were experiencing physical handicap. Significant statements from data were extracted. From these formulated meanings, 27 themes, 10 clusters of theme and 4 categories were constructed. Major theme clusters that were emerged from the analysis are 'denial', 'despair', ’social isolation', ’being despised', ’not being treated as a member of society', ’getting the power in love around people', ’accepting the physical handicap', ’feeling the joy and one's life worth living', ’depending on the religion', and 'the feeling of achievement by the effort and the service'. In order to help the adolescents with physical handicap overcome their difficulty and cope to the social environment, nurses need to understand the essential theme clusters of the experience of adolescents with physical disability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.165-168
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• 2004

Due to the demolition of old structures, primarily buildings, an amount of discharged construction wastes are increased. From the construction wastes, recycled aggregate can be used as a useful resource for concrete. However, its application to structural member is very limited. In this experimental study, the compressive strength of spun-concrete using recycled aggregate was investigated. Coarse aggregate was replaced with $100\%$ of the recycled coarse aggregate, and recycled fine aggregate was replaced with various amount. According to the test results, the specimen of spun-concrete showed uniform compressive strength regardless the amount of replaced recycled fine aggregate.