• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2019

The aging of society is not only Korea's challenge but also a global issue. This leads to an increase in the number of elderly drivers who are much more prone to major traffic accidents. Therefore, we need a system to test aged drivers' driving abilities. As part of efforts to establish such a system, researchers of KoROAD. have conducted a study on the correlation between aging and driving abilities by analyzing old drivers' reaction time. The study shows that there was a sharp increase in reaction time for drivers aged 65 and over. The current reaction time of 2.5 secs for the 85 percent of eligible drivers needs to be revised upward in aging societies. From now on, we need to come up with the traffic safety measures that can deal with the issue of drivers of old age.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 1992

Assuming the majority of car accidents are due to driver errors, we due rear-end collisions which occurred in the State of Washington, USA, in 1982, 1983, and 1984, to study human responsible involvement associated with the sex and age of drivers. Rear-end collisions involving two passenger cars are included in this study. The driver of a car which struck the rear end of another car is considered responsible for the accident, and the driver of a car which was struck in the rear end is not considered responsible for the accident. In addition to male and female drivers, we used three different age groups: 16 to 24 years old, 25 to 34 years old, and 35 years or older. Hence, six diferent groups of drivers are considered in this study.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.115-132
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• 2017

본 연구는 운전자 연령대와 뇌손상 여부에 따라 다양한 반응시간 과제에서의 반응시간과 반응정확성에서 어떠한 차별성이 있는지 살펴볼 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 30-50대의 중년운전자, 65세 고령운전자, 그리고 65세 이상의 뇌졸중 고령운전자들을 대상으로 단순반응, 2-선택반응, 자극 이심률을 달리한 4-선택반응, 탐색반응 및 동적자극 탐지 과제에 대한 수행을 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전반적으로 중년, 고령 및 뇌졸중 고령운전자 순으로 느린 반응시간을 보였으나 자극 이심률이 작은 조건($5^{\circ}$)에 비해 큰 조건($10^{\circ}$)에서 뇌졸중 고령운전자의 반응시간이 다른 집단에 비해 더 두드러지게 지연되었다. 둘째, 전체 반응시간에서 단순 반응시간을 감산한 반응시간을 분석한 결과, 2-선택반응 과제와 동적자극 탐지과제에서의 집단간 반응시간 차이는 유의하지 않았는데, 이것은 이러한 과제들에서의 반응시간 차이가 단순 반응시간에 의해 주로 결정된다는 것을 시사한다. 셋째, 일시적 기억을 요구하는 탐색과제에서는 두 고령운전자 집단이 중년운전자 집단에 비해 유의하게 느리고 부정확한 수행을 보였다. 넷째, 집단간 반응정확성에서의 차이는 선택 대안이 많은 과제와 기억을 요구하는 과제에서 두드러졌다. 이러한 결과는 기억 요구를 수반하는 탐색과제는 중년과 고령운전자 사이의 수행을, 반면 자극 이심률 조건은 뇌졸중 여부에 따른 고령운전자 집단에서의 수행 차이를 민감하게 반영할 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2011

Due to the ageing-related degradation in physical and cognitive abilities, the elderly have difficulty in car driving and this is related to the high rate of car accidents among them. This study investigated the kinematic characteristics of old drivers' steering in right turning at intersections by comparing with young drivers. Thirteen old(60~70) and thirteen young(20~30) drivers who participated in the experiment turned their cars right side at intersections in a driving simulator. As results, the completion time of right turning at intersection of old drivers was larger than that of young drivers. The speeds of vehicle at the beginning and ending point of the right turning area of old drivers were smaller than those of young drivers, and also the steering angle at the ending point of the turning area of the former was smaller than that of the latter. The normalized jerk of old driver's steering was significantly larger than that of young drivers. These results indicate that old drivers modify their steering movement repeatedly and take the driving strategy of avoiding risks due to their reduced physical capabilities.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2009

This paper reports the aging driver traffic accident severity modeling results. For the modeling, Poisson regression approach is applied using the data set obtained from the Korea Transportation Safety Authority's simulator-based driver aptitude test results. The test items include the estimations of moving objects' speed and stopping distance, drivers' multi-task capability, and kinetic depth perception and so on. The resulting model with the response variable of equivalent property damage only(EPDO) indicated that EPDO is significantly influenced by moving objects' speed estimation and drivers' multi-task capabilities. More interestingly, a comparison with the younger driver model revealed that the degradation of such capabilities may result in severer crashes for older drivers as suggested by the higher estimated parameters for the older driver model.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2011

The weight of elderly people in Korea has been increasing. Statistics show that the percentage of the elderly people in Korea was 3.1% in 1970; 3.8% in 1980; 5.1% in 1990, and 7.2% in 2000. Based on this trend, thus, the number of elderly people could be estimated to be 14% of the whole Korean population in 2018. This reveals that Korea is entering a super-aging society with remarkable fast pace. In such a change, the statistics related to elderly people driving license and the occurrence of traffic accidents are showing a noticeable numerical value. The number of traffic accident fatality in Korea ranks the highest value in OECD Countries. However, the research on old drivers in the nation is going on partially centering on system improvement and management scheme. Thus, first of all, researches about the linkage & characteristics between the driving behavior of old drivers and traffic accident should be implemented, in order properly to draw system improvement and management scheme for the old drivers. Therefore, the focus of this study is the influence model for discerning the severity of the age-old-caused traffic accidents by inquiring into the relation between the Driving Aptitude Test items that make it possible to measure their behavioral characteristics and influential factors by age group on the basis of the data on traffic accidents. The analysis results can be used as basic data for suggesting the behavioral research and countermeasure for traffic safety and its management for old driver in preparation for the aging society.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.148-161
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• 2018

A traffic fatality by young people marked average annual decrease of 4.5% since 2011. Meanwhile, a traffic fatality by senior over 65 years old marked average annual increase of 7.9% for the last five years which means that the annual increase of traffic fatality by senior will be a serious problem. This study started questioning that senior drivers over 65 years old did not retain the same causal factor of fatal traffic accidents and thus extensively analyzed a risk of it by age group quantitatively, dividing the senior driver group into the early, middle and latter stages. Depending on the aging level, the risk of traffic fatality showed a wide difference in seven different types of traffic accidents generally, and happened to increase with latter and middle parts of the senior driver more than the early part. Therefore, this study proposes four policy suggestions: 1) The senior driver need to be offered customized driving educations and the improvement of road environment is also recommended. 2) Political assistance is needed to support and guide a safety related technology installation for the new or existing car. 3) Renewal of driving license and an aptitude test(physical examination, cognitive test) for drivers over 75 years old should take in a less than 3 years and an additional road test is needed as occasion demands. 4) Like the United States and Europe, development and extension of customized treatment guidebook for medical teams who examine senior drivers is needed and establishment of education and administration system that a supervisor of driving license renewal can impose safety restriction and American anonymity reporting system is considered to institutionalize in the medium to longer term.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.121-122
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• 2012

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.205-207
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• 2021

IoT 장치를 개발하는 방법은 응용이 요구하는 센서를 아두이노나 라즈베이 파이 같은 플랫폼에 장착하고 그 센서의 드라이버와 응용을 작성하는 것이다. 이때 그 센서를 위한 구동 드라이버가 이미 작성되어 있고 응용에서 그 드라이버를 표준화된 API로 접근할 수 있다면 센서의 Plug&Play가 가능할 것이다. 이를 위한 과거의 방식은 센서 인터페이스가 너무 복잡하여 현재의 플랫폼에서는 사용하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 USB단자를 갖는 표준화된 센서와 드라이버가 라즈베리 파이에 Plug되면 자동으로 드라이버가 설치되는 기법을 제안한다. 응용 개발자는 센서 드라이버는 고민하지 않고 Linux의 파일 접근 API로 센서 값을 얻을 수 있다. 제안된 기법은 현재 라즈베리-파이 상에서 구현 중이다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.275-286
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• 2002

Statement of problem. Surface alteration of the implant screws after function may be associated with mechanical failure. Theses metal fatigue appears to be the most common cause of structural failure. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate surface alteration of the implant screws after function through the examination of used and unused implant screws in SEM(scanning electron microscope). Materials and methods. In this study, abutment screws(Steri-oss, 3i), gold retaining screw(3i) and titanium retaining screw(3i) were retrieved from patients. New, unused abutment and retaining screws were prepared for control group. Each of the old, used screws was retrieved with a screwdriver. And retrieved implant complex of Steri-oss system was prepared for this study. Then, SEM investigation and EDS analysis of abutment and retaining screws were performed. And SEM investigation of cross-sectioned sample of retrieved implant complex was performed. Results. In the case of new, unused implant screws, as maunfactured circumferential grooves are regularly examined and screw thread are sharply remained. Before ultrasonic cleansing of old, used implant screw, a lot of accumulation and corrosion products were existed. After ultrasonic cleansing of old, used implant screws, circumferential grooves as examined before function were randomly deepened and scratches increased. Also, dull screw thread was examined. More surface alterations after function were examined in titanium screw than gold screw. And more surface alteration was examined when retrieved with driver than retrieved without driver. Conclusions. These surface alteration after function may result in the screw instability. Regularly cleansing and exchange of screws was recommended. We recommend the use of gold screw rather than titanium screw, and careful manipulation of the driver.