• 대한간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-43
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• 1970

This study is designed to find out proper nursing activities for the needs of the colostomy patients, i.e., mental and psychological as well as physical needs for rapid recovery, and to help them build up the follow-up care for proper social adjustment. The study is based on 268 cases out of 381 colostomy patient's records kept in Ewha Womans University Hospital, Yonsei Medical Center, and National Medical Center in between the period from Jan. 1953 to Jan. 1970. The items of study are mainly on etiology, sex, age, duration of hospitalization, mortality rate, seasonal frequency, time from the onset of illness to the admission of the hospital, signs and symptoms. 1. Frequency of onset by etiology: Neoplastic disease 112 cases (42%), Inflammatory disease 33 cases (12%), Congenital malformation 30 cases (11%), Intussusception 25 cases (9.3%), Trauma 24 cases (9%), Volvulus 17 cases (6.3%), and Crohn's disease 6 cases (2.2%). 2. By sex: male 167 cases (62.9%), and female 101 cases (37.1%). So the ratio of portion of male and female 2:1. 3. By age: under 1·year·old 27 cases (10.1%) highest, 41-50 yrs 54 cases (20.2%), 51-60 yrs 42 cases (15.5%), above 71 yrs 5 cases (1.9%). 4. Duration of hospitalization: the shortest is 2-days and the longest is 470 days. 1-20-days 52%, 40-60 days 14%. 5. Mortality rate: Under the 10-days-admission 19.5%, and the beyond 30-days-admission 3.9%. 6. Seasonal frequency: Higher in summer (32% ). 7. Signs and symptoms: abdominal pain (56%), abdominal distention (54%), vomiting (40%), bloody mucoid diarrhea (38%) , pain of anal region (18%), abdominal tenderness, anorexia, indigestion, constipation, disuria, tenesmus, high fever and chilling sensation, bile tingled vomiting. Nursing activities for the patient's physical needs are as follows: Skin care for colostomy region, Prevention of colostomy constriction and depression, Removal of an offensive odor, The use of colostomy bag-selection for, and demonstration of the use of inexpensive colostomy irrigation equipment, Personal hygiene, general skin care, care of hair, finger nails and toe-nails, Oral hygiene, sleep and rest, aquate, Daily activities, etc. Measures for regulation of bowl movement. Keeping the instruction of taking food, Preparing the meal and help for anorexia, Constipation and it's solution, Prevention of diarrhea, helping the removal of mucous, and stretch constricted steam as needed. Nursing activities for pt's socio-psychological needs are as follows; Help the patient to make decision for the operation, Remove pt's anxiety toward operation and anesthesia, To meet the pt's spiritual needs at his death bed, Help to establish family and friends cooperation, Help to reduce anxiety at the time of admission and it's solution, Help to meet religious need, Help to remove pt's anxiety for loosing his job and family maintenance, Follow-up studies for 7 cases have been done to implement the present thesis. The items of the personal interviews with the patients are as follows: Acceptability for artificial anus, The most anxious thing they had in mind at the time of discharge, The most anxious thing they hat·e in mind at present, Their friends and family's attitudes toward the patient after operation, Relations with other colostomy patients, Emotional damage from the operation, Physical problem of enema, irrigation, Control of diet, Skin care, Control of offensive odor, Patient's suggestions to nurses during hospital stay and after discharge. In conclusion, the follow-up care for colostomy patients shares equal weight or perhaps more than the post-operative care. The follow-up care should include the spiritual care for moral support of the patient, to drag him out of isolation and estrangement, and make him fully participate in social activities. It is suggested that the following measures would help to rehabilitate the colostomy patients (1) mutual acquaintance with other colostomy patients if possible form a sort of club for the colostomy patient to exchange their experiences in care (2) through the team work of doctor, nurse and rehabilitation specialists, to have a sort of concerted effort for betterment of the patient.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.24-34
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• 1991

1986년 1월부터 1988년 6월까지 30개월동안 '말이 늦다(언어발달지연)'는 것을 주소로 본원 소아과에 내원한 환아 중 언어발달지연의 진단기준에 부합하였던 52명의 아동을 대상으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1. 환아의 초진시 연령은 2-2.9세군이 16례 (30.8%), 3-3.9세군이 11례(21.2%)로 전체 환아의 반수 이상이 2-3.9세 사이에 내원했다. 2. 성별분포로는 남아가 39례, 여아가 13례로서 3:1의 비로 남아에서 많았다. 3. 원인은 지능발달지연이 28례(53.8%)로 가장 많았으며 그 외 발달성 언어장애가 12례(23.1%), 자폐증이 7례(13.5%)의 순으로 많았다. 4. 동반된 질환들로는 발음장애가 9례(17.3%)로 가장 많았고 사시가 5례(9.6%), 경련성질환이 4례(7.7%)에서 있었다. 5. 치료는 특수교육이 23례(44.2%), 언어치료가 12례(23.1%), 정신과적 자문이 7례(13.5%)에서 행해졌다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.120-124
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• 2008

연구목적 : 본 연구는 홧병 클리닉을 방문한 환자를 대상으로 임상증상과 MMPI상의 성격특성을 조사해 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2005년 12월부터 2006년 7월(7개월간)까지 이대 동대문 병원 내 가슴앓이 홧병 클리닉에 내원한 31명의 여성 환자($45.4{\pm}8.4$세)를 대상으로 호소하는 증상에 대해 반구조화된 면담을 실시하였고 신체적 검사를 시행하였다. 광고를 통해 모집된 31명의 여성 대조군($42.9{\pm}8.0$세)을 포함한 전체 대상군에게 MMPI를 완성하도록 하였다. 결과 : 홧병 클리닉 환자들이 호소한 주 증상은 31명 모두 가슴 답답함 혹은 통증을 호소하였으며, 소화기계 증상은 총 19명(61.3%)에서 있었다. 호흡기계 증상은 13명(41.9%)에서 관찰할 수 있었으며, 수면 장애는 12명 (38.7%)에서 있었다. 불안, 우울감 같은 정신과적 증상은 12명(38.7%)이 호소하였다. 8명(27.6%)의 환자에서 시행한 검사상 소화기계 질환이 진단되었다. 나이와 교육수준을 통제했을 때, 홧병 환자군에서 MMPI 소항목 척도 중 Hs(Hypochondriasis), D(Depression), Hy(Hysteria), Pt(Psychasthenia) 점수가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.001, p=0.049, p=0.000 and p=0.029, ANCOVA, respectively). 결론 : 본 연구에서 홧병 클리닉을 방문한 환자들은 다양한 신체 질환을 호소하였고, 27.6%의 환자에서 실제 신체질환이 진단되었다. 또한, 홧병클리닉 환자들의 성격 특징은 건강염려적이고, 우울하며, 스트레스에 미숙하고, 불안하였다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2015

어린이는 쉽게 넘어지거나 부딪혀 구강안면부의 손상을 흔히 경험하며, 응급치료를 필요로 한다. 이러한 환자들에서는 공포와 불안으로 인해 협조도가 불량해지게 된다. 케타민은 일반 응급실에서 어린 환자의 치료와 검사를 위한 진정제로 잘 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 원주 세브란스 기독병원 응급실에서 케타민을 이용한 진정법을 시행한 현황에 대해 알아보았다. 2010년 1월에서 2014년 5월까지 치과적 응급처치를 위해 의뢰된 만 18세 이하의 환자들의 기록이 수집되었으며, 연령, 성별, 시행된 치과적 치료, 케타민 진정법 시행 여부에 대한 자료를 분석하였다. 총 659명의 소아 환자가 치과적 응급처치를 필요로 하였으며, 이중 118명이 케타민 진정법이 시행되었다. 조사 결과 열상의 봉합을 시행한 환자에서 진정법이 더 많이 시행되었고, 연령이 어릴수록 진정법이 시행되었던 상관성이 확인되었다. 케타민 진정법은 치과의사 단독으로 사용하지 않아야 하지만, 응급실에서 1차 진료를 담당하는 치과의사는 케타민 진정법이 적용된 환자들을 쉽게 접할 수 있다. 따라서, 응급실에서 근무하는 치과의사는 케타민의 임상적 효과, 고려사항, 그리고 발생 가능한 합병증 및 대처 방안에 대해 숙지하고 있어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 노인이 경험한 건강증진과 만성질환관리 보건교육, 정신문제 상담 경험이 현재 건강상태에 미치는 효과를 확인하는 것이다. 이 연구는 '2017년 지역사회 건강조사' 자료를 활용하여 65세 이상 노인 10,532명을 최종 대상자로 선정하였다. 건강증진 교육경험에는 손씻기 교육 및 홍보 경험, 금연 캠페인 경험, 금연교육 경험으로 구성되었다. 만성질환관리 교육 경험은 고혈압, 당뇨병, 또는 관절염 관리 보건교육 경험으로 구성되었다. 정신문제 상담 경험은 스트레스, 우울, 자살을 포함한 정신문제 관련 상담 경험으로 구성되었다. 현재 건강상태는 운동능력, 자기관리, 일상활동, 통증/불편, 불안/우울 정도로 구성되었다. 자료분석은 Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 활용하였다. 연구대상자의 일반적 특성은 남자가 4,075명(38.69%)이고, 여자가 6,457명(61.31%)이었으며, 평균연령은 73.71(±6.18)세이었다. 노인 대상자의 현재 건강상태에 영향을 미치는 유의한 요인으로는 연령(OR=0.909, 95% CI=0.886-0.933), 손씻기 교육 및 홍보 경험(OR=2.463, 95% CI=1.703-3.563), 금연캠페인 경험(OR=1.624, 95% CI=1.146-2.301), 정신문제 상담 경험(OR=0.533, 95% CI=0.359-0.791)으로 나타났다. 노인들이 오랫동안 유지해온 개인적 습성을 수정하여 교육의 효과를 보이기 위해서는 대상자의 특성을 고려한 장기간 꾸준한 교육이 효과적일 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 1976

Contemporary nursing is concerned with meeting patients physical psychological and secio-economical needs and with helping persons to sore their own problems. At the time of confinement and delivery, women often have physical and psychological disco- mort related to fear, tension or anxiety. Pain related to these causes varies with the individual woman. Effective nursing care to meet individual needs during labor and delivery is important if nurses are to understand and relieve woman's physical and psychological pain. A questionnaire prepared for the purpose by the investigator was administered to 162 women in two general hospitals, one in Seoul and one in TaeGu, during August 1 and September 20, 1975 and to the 13 delivery-room nurses who cared for them. It was hoped that the study would contribute to comprehensive nursing care during labor and delivery and to improve maternal and child health. 1. The sample of mothers ranged in age from 18 to 39; the majority were from 25 to 29 years old (54.3%). Most of them were housewives (87.6%). Sixty-three percent had high school or higher education. They had a range of one to seven deliveries. Sixty-one percent were primiparas Most had some prenatal care (87.6%). 2. The age of the group of nurses ranged from 22 to 39. Ten were 22 or 23. Five of the 13 had from six to ten months experience in the de]ivory room. Twelve were single and ten had a religious affiliation. 3. Both primiparas and multiparas thought equally that physical and psychological care, nursing skills and attitudes were important during labor and delivery, but did not relate basic nursing care directly to normal delivery. Need for nursing care was rated more highly by primiparas (2.83-3.48) than by multiparas (2.51-3.17) (p〈0.05). 4. There was no difference in need for nursing care according to the educational level of the women nor according to whether they had a religious affiliation or not (p〉0.05). 5. There was no difference in the reported nursing care given regarding of the educational preparation of the nurses (p〉 0.05). 6. There the reported nursing needs of the women and the reported nursing care given were compared, physical and psychological nursing care directed toward protecting the mother and fetus and a safe do]ivory were considered important by both groups. Neither group related simple nursing care directly to protection of the mother and fetus or to a safe delivery. The women rated highly their needs for nourishment (3.05) and having a relative with them (2.90) for emotional support but there was little evidence (2.39) that the nurses provided care to meet these needs (p〈0.05). In conclusion, the nursing needs of the women during the three stages of labor and the nursing care given were generally similar. The women had more psychological needs than physical needs but in comparison, nurses gave a little more physical than psychological care. The results point up the need to make adjustments in labor and delivery room nursing care the nurse should Prepared to pay more attention and bigger consideration in psychological comfort care than physical care.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.18-40
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• 2008

Measurements of health related quality of life can be used to compare patients with specific conditions to average individuals in the general population in a similar age and gender group. However there are few data available regarding health related quality of life for the general population of Korea. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the validity of the Korean version of EQ-5D and to measure the health related quality of life of the general adult population in a metropolitan city. The survey was cross-sectional and employed a stratified and multistage sampling design through 100 examination sites in 5 districts of UIsan. A total of 12,644 individuals from 4,112 households participated in the survey. Of these, we analyzed data from 8,068 adults who were over 19 years old and completed the EQ-5D. To examine the validity of the questionnaire, the differences in 5 dimensions and the $EQ-5D_{index}$ were analyzed with regard to demographic and socioeconomic factors such as sex, age, income, and education. In addition, visual analogue scales (VAS) were used to evaluate the overall health related quality of life issues of the respondents. The level of health related quality of life of the general adult population was then compared with the results from the third Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and other countries. There were a small number of people with problems related tomobility, self-care, and usual activity. In addition, many people complained ofpain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. The complaint rate in each dimension, VAS, and $EQ-5D_{index}$ indicated relatively better states for males, the younger group, the higher income group, and the higher education group. In addition, the level of health related quality of life of the general population of Ulsan was relatively higher than that of Koreans nationwide as well as the populations of other countries. EQ-SD provided a valid measure of the health-related quality of life of the general adult population. In addition, the results of a survey of Ulsan revealed that the quality of life of its population is better than that of the overall population of Korea and of the populations of other countries.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 1995

본 연구는 농촌과 도시지역 노인의 가족지지 정도와 정신건강상태를 비교, 검토하기 위하여 1995년 2월 18일부터 3월 27일까지 농촌지역은 대구 근교 9개면, 도시지역은 부산광역시 3개 구로 연구자가 임의 선정하여 농촌지역에 거주하는 노인 201명과 도시지역에 거주하는 노인 238명을 대상으로 면담 조사하였다. 대상자의 가족지지정도는 농촌지역은 평균 36.70이고, 도시지역은 평균 40.77로 유의한 차로 도시지역 노인이 농촌지역 노인보다 가족지지가 높았다. 일반적 특성에 따른 가족지지정도의 차이를 검증한 결과, 농촌지역은 성별, 연령, 배우자유무, 교육정도, 경제수준, 자녀수, 동거가족수, 동거유형, 주관적 건강상태, 용돈상태, 여가활동참여에서, 도시지역은 성별, 배우자유무, 종교, 경제수준, 동거가족수, 용돈상태, 여가활동참여에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 가족지지정도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 중회귀 분석 한 결과, 농촌지역은 연령, 배우자유무, 경제수준 3문항이 33%의 설명이 가능하였고, 도시지역은 주관적 건강상태, 경제수준, 배우자 유무, 동거가족수의 4문항이 35%의 설명이 가능하였다. 정신건강상태는 도시지역(평균 36.87)노인이 농촌지역(평균 57.42) 노인보다 좋았으며, 각 항목별로 총 점수의 75%이상 즉 "하"에 해당하는 자는 도시지역은 우울증 8.4%, 신체화 8.0% 이고 그 외 문항은 모두 1% 미만인데 반하여 농촌지역은 신체화 8.5%, 우울증 8.5%, 불안 4.0%, 공포불안 4.0%, 강박증 2.5%, 적대감 2.0%, 편집증 2.0%, 정신증 1.5%, 대인예민성 1.5%의 순으로 나타나 도시지역과의 차이를 보였다. 또한 정신건강상태를 문항별로 4점 만점에 평균을 구해본 결과, 두 지역 모두 신체화 (농촌: 1.69, 도시: 1.51), 우울증(농촌: 1.64, 도시: 1.37) 강박증(농촌: 1.33, 도시: 0.99)의 순으로 나타났다. 일반적 특성에 따른 정신건강상태와의 차이를 검증한 결과, 농촌지역은 성별, 연령, 배우자유무, 종교, 교육정도, 경제수준, 자녀수, 동거유형, 주관적 건강상태, 용돈상태, 여가활동참여에서, 도시지역은 성별, 배우자유무, 종교, 경제수준, 동거가족수, 동거유형, 주관적 건강상태, 주거상태, 용돈상태, 여가활동참여에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 정신건강상태에 영향을 미치는 요인을 중회귀 분석 한 결과, 농촌지역은 가족지지정도, 주관적 건강상태, 종교, 성별, 연령, 경제수준의 6문항이 43%의 설명이 가능하였고, 도시지역은 가족지지정도, 주관적 건강상태, 경제수준의 3문항이 51%의 설명이 가능하였다. 가족지지정도와 정신건강상태와는 농촌지역 -0.4555, 도시지역 -0.6446으로 높은 상관을 보였고, 정신건강 항목중에서 가족지지와 높은 상관을 보인 항목은 농촌지역은 우울증 -0.5036, 정신증 -0.4265의 순으로 나타났으며, 도시지역은 정신증 -0.642, 우울증 -0.5955의 순으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 노인의 정신건강에 가족의 지지정도가 크게 작용함을 알 수 있었고, 또한 노이니 처한 거주지역과 일반적 특성에 따라 가족지지정도와 정신건강상태가 다름을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 노인문제에 있어서 농촌 노인을 중심으로 한 대응책이 시급히 요구되며, 노인간호에 있어서 가족을 통한 지지적 간호중재와 거주징역에 따른 간호전략을 수립해야 될 것이다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.415-428
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify side effects of the vesicant chemotherapy. The study was designed to be a descriptive survey. The subjects of this study were 88 patients with various types of cancer, primary lung cancer(25.0%), advanced gastric cancer(25.0%), breast cancer(20.5%), etc. The mean age was 44.8 years old(range: 16-68). The questionnaire was completed by nurses of the outpatient unit and chemotherapy ward, and intravenous nurse specialist. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Chemotherapy was administered with a 23G scalp needle and 24G insyte. Injection site was dorsum of hands(64.7%), cephalic vein(19.3%). Successful rate for the first attempt was 88.6%. The first & second cycle chemotherapy was 29.5% each.. Mainly used drugs were Navelbine(34.1%), Adriamycin(20.5%). 2) Venous Problems after chemotherapy were pain(13.6%) incurred by venous, mainly due to the administration of Navelbine; redness at the inravenous site(12.5%) and itching sense 2.3% Non-venous problems were nausea (18.2%), dullness(14.8%), vomiting(8.0%), facial flushing(6.8%), anxiety(5.7%). Subjective discomforts after chemotherapy were generalized arm pain at the injection side(14.8%), dizziness(6.8%), weakness(5.7%) and general bodyache(5.7%). Systemic anaphylactic reaction and extravasation did not occur. 3) Non-venous problem after chemotherapy were nausea, vomiting & anorexia. Frequency of chemotherapy related to side effects were itching, facial flushing, and nausea(p< .05). Day of chemotherapy related to side effects were nausea & vomiting(p< .05). Site of chemotherapy related to side effects were redness(p< .05). Frequency of venipuncture related to side effects were redness(p< .05). Conclusively, cancer chemotherapy patients have had some venous problem. They need appropriate venous access devices for chemotherapy. And other non-venous problem will be managed appropriately. Further research was required to identify the rate of venous complication or side effects of vesicant chemotherapy.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.149-171
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• 2006

This is a pilot study on rural women's psychological trap to define some obstacles to self directed learning. During few decades, according to major crop of each farm household has shifted from rice to other crops like as vegetables, fruits, horticultures, livestock, etc., women's role or labor sharing of women in farming has been also increased. Although women are important human resources, till now, there is no a research or an approach to rural woman on the view of individual human being. Therefore this study will contribute to understand woman's behavior or attitudes based on psychological description at each person's experiences. For this study, the data was collected from 23 women leaders who participated in a training course in 2005, through the scale of Jeffrey E. Young & Janet S. Klosko which was developed to improvement of one's repetitious behavior based on cognitive psychological care. It was categorized into 11types of psychological trap of one person, named as follows; (1) trap of being deserted by someone (2) trap of disbelief and being ill-treated (3) trap of weakness (4) trap of dependence (5) trap of emotional deprivation (6) trap of feelings of alienation among society (7) trap of deficiency (8) trap of anxiety to failure (9) trap of subordination (10) trap of the merciless standard by self-estimation (11) trap of the sense of privilege. From the data, the average age of subjects was 52.8years old, and the educational back of subjects was higher than general rural women. In both of the trap of weakness and the trap of the merciless standard by self-estimation, the ratio of over and 4 point score of 6 points was 71.4% and 76.2%. It means most of subjects have experienced fear of unexpected calamity(trap of weakness), and mental press hard for efforts to meet one's ideal standard(trap of the merciless standard by self-estimation). Especially the trap of the merciless standard by self-estimation may have relation with rural women's over burden from farming and local society activities.