• KSBB Journal
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2002

편백나무와 화백나무의 잎으로부터 시료전처리, 물과 잎의 혼합비, 추출시간, 채취시기 등 정유 추출에 적합한 조건을 구명하고 잎으로부터 추출된 정유조성성분을 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 정유추출에 적합한 전처리법으로는 믹서기로 잎을 분쇄하는 방법이 좋았으며, 증류수와 잎의 혼합비율은 그다지 영향을 미치지는 않았으나 증류수 1 L당 100 g의 잎을 혼합하였을 때 추출효율이 가장 좋았다. 정유추출시간은 시간이 경과함에 따라 추출효율은 증가하였지만 탄화향이 심해 5시간이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 계절에 따른 정유수율은 편백나무는 겨울이 4.5%, 화백나무는 가을에 채취한 시료가 5.3%의 높은 수율을 보였다. 편백나무정유와 화백나무정유 조성분은 차이를 보였으며, 주성분은 monoterpene류였다. 편백나무정유의 주성분은 limonene, terpinene-4-ol, ${\gamma}$-selinene 및 $\alpha$-cedrene였으며, 화백나무정유의 주성분은 $\alpha$-pinene, myrcene, limonene, bomyl acetate, $\beta$-caryophyllene, longifolene 및 $\beta$-cedrene이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.216-219
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• 2000

고지로 개발된 멀칭종이, 여기에 폐식용유를 먹인 밀칭종이 및 요소를 피복한 멀칭종이의 봄감자 멀칭재배에서 잡초발생, 토양온도와 감자의 생육 및 수량 변화를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 감자 파종 직후 약 10일간의 평균지온(5cm)은 일반 멀칭종이에서 18.9$^{\circ}C$로 무멀칭처리보다 0.5$^{\circ}C$ 낮았고, 기름먹인 멀칭종이의 지온은 20.6$^{\circ}C$로 무멀칭처리보다 1.2$^{\circ}C$높았다. 한편, 밝은 날 최고기온은 무멀칭에 비하여 기름먹인 멀칭종이의 경우는 6.6$^{\circ}C$ 높아졌으며 일반 멀칭종이는 무멀칭에 비하여 4.6$^{\circ}C$ 낮아졌다. 2. 멀칭 후 80일까지 일반 멀칭종이는 약 20% 정도만 분해되었고, 비료를 피복한 멀칭종이의 분해는 이보다 빨랐지만 멀칭 후 80일까지 약 50%정도가 분해되었다. 기름백인 멀종이는 일반 멀칭종이에 비하여 분해가 다소 지연되었다. 모든 멀칭종이 처리에서 감자 전 생육기간에 걸쳐서 잡초의 발생이 효과적으로 억제되었다. 3. 감자의 출아율은 처리간 유의한 차이는 없었으나 기름먹인 종이에서 다른 처리에 비해 다소 낮았으며, 감자의 지상부 및 뿌리건물중도 기름먹인 종이에서 다른 처리에 비해 낮았다. 감자의 수량은 기름먹인 멀칭종이가 다른 처리에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며. 일반 멀칭종이, 요소피복 멀칭종이 및 무멀칭 처리간에는 감자 수량에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 4. 기름먹인 멀칭종이는 출아기 및 생육초기 고온으로 씨감자의 부패가 많았으며 초기생육도 억제되어 수량이 낮았다. 그러나 본 실험(4월15일 파종)에서보다 조기에 파종하는 경우는 본 연구결과와 다를 것으로 생각되며 이에 대해서는 추가적인 검토가 필요하다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.3059-3064
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• 2013

In this study transesterification of Triglycerides (TG) from Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) with methanol for production of biodiesel was investigated over cerium impregnated ZSM-5 catalysts. NaZSM-5 was synthesized in an alkaline medium and impregnated with cerium oxide by wet method using cerium nitrate as a source for cerium. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimeteric analysis (TGA), $CO_2$-temperature programmed desorption, and $N_2$ adsorption/desorption analysis. XRD analysis showed decrease in intensity of the patterns with the increase in the ceria loading but crystallization of ceria to larger size is an evident for 10 and 15% loading. The optimal yield of transesterification process was found to be 90% under the following conditions: oil to methanol molar ratio: 1:12; temperature: $60^{\circ}C$; time: 1 h; catalyst: 5 wt %. Here the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was calculated through $^1H$ NMR analysis. The investigation on catalyst loading, temperature, time and reusability illustrated that these ceria impregnated NaZSM-5's were found to be selective, recyclable and could yield biodiesel at low temperature with low methanol to oil ratio due to the presence of both Lewis and Bronsted basicity. Hence, from the above study it is concluded that ceria impregnated ZSM-5 could be recognized as a potential catalysts for biodiesel production in industrial processes.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2012

ABS와 폴리에틸렌(Polyethylene, PE) 및 ABS-PE 혼합물의 저온열분해를 회분식 반응기를 이용하여 상압 및 $450^{\circ}C$에서 실행하였다. 열분해 시간은 20~80분까지 하였고 열분해로 생성된 성분은 지식경제부에서 고시한 증류성상온도에 따라 가스, 가솔린, 등유, 경유, 중유로 분류하였다. ABS와 PE의 혼합 폐플라스틱의 열분해 전환율은 PE의 함량이 증가할수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 열분해생성물의 수율은 PE의 함량이 높을수록 중유 > 가스 > 가솔린 > 경유 > 등유 순으로 회수되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.376-380
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• 2003

In order to examine the possibility that oil seed rape could be used as a forage fodder crop and to select the most suitable variety of forage rape at the southern area of Korea, two varieties of oil seed rape currently grown for oil production and six introduced varieties of forage rape with relatively high yield and high nutritional value were grown at the same condition their and yield components were observed. Forage rape was superior to oil seed rape in terms of yield components, plant fresh weight and plant dry mater weight. Velox was superior to any other variety of forage rape in these characters. When plant dry matter weight of the rape was subdivided into four components such as a main stem, branch stems, main stem leaves and branch leaves, contribution of these components to plant dry matter weight was in the order of branch stems, branch leaves, the main stem and main stem leaves. Dry matter percentage of the rape ranged from 9.32 to 11.08 percent, which was somewhat low value. There was no significant difference between two groups of the rape in terms of dry matter percentage. Velox showed somewhat higher value in dry matter percentage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.663-670
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• 2008

The effect of supplementing the diet of grazing dairy cows with fish oil (FO) and linseed oil (LSO) on milk conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was investigated. Sixteen Holstein cows (17019 DIM) were assigned into two groups and fed a grain supplement (8.0 kg/d; DM basis) containing 800 g of saturated animal fat (CONT) or 200 g FO and 600 g LSO (FOLSO). All cows grazed together on Sudan grass pasture ad libitum and were fed the treatment diets for 3 wks. Cows were milked twice a day and milk samples were collected during the last three days of the trial. Milk production (24.89 and 22.45 kg/d), milk protein percentage (2.76 and 2.82) and milk protein yield (0.68 and 0.64 kg/d) for the CONT and FOLSO diets, respectively, were not affected (p>0.05) by treatment diets. Milk fat percentage (3.90 and 2.86) and milk fat yield (0.97 and 0.64 kg/d) were lower (p<0.05) with the FOLSO diet compared with the CONT diet. The concentration and yield of milk cis-9 trans-11 CLA were higher (p<0.05) with the FOLSO diet (2.56% of total FA and 16.44 g/d, respectively) than the CONT diet (0.66% of total FA and 6.44 g/d, respectively). The concentrations of milk trans C18:1 and vaccenic acid (VA) were higher (p<0.05) with the FOLSO diet (13.53 and 7.48% of total FA, respectively) than the CONT diet (3.69 and 2.27% of total FA, respectively). In conclusion, supplementing the diet of grazing cows with FO and LSO increased milk cis-9 trans-11 CLA content but reduced milk fat content and yield.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.814-820
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• 1997

국내 자생종인 광릉쥐오줌풀의 재배법을 구명하는 기초자료를 얻고자 질소, 인산, 칼리를 각각 무처리, 6, 9, 12kg/10a 등 4수준으로 처리하여 생육 및 뿌리 수량을 조사하고 정유성분을 분석하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 쥐오줌풀의 생육 및 뿌리 수량은 질소, 인산, 칼리를 각각 103당 9kg 시용한 구에서 가장 높았고, 비료효율은 질소 > 칼리 > 인산 순이었다. 2. 추출물 및 정유 함량은 질소, 인산, 칼리를 각각 103당 9kg 시용한 구에서 가장 높았으며, 그외 처리간 차이는 크지 않았다. 3. 정유성분 조성은 시비량에 따라 차이가 있었는데, 주요 성분의 조성은 대체적으로 각 비료당 9kg/10a시비수준에서 높았고, 그 이상 시용량이 증가되면 감소되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1183-1188
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• 2005

Several lipases of commercial grade were screened to catalyze the methanolysis of castor oil, and an immobilized Candida antarctica (Novozym 435) had the highest activity among the lipases tested. To enhance the yield of methyl ricinoleate, several reaction parameters were optimized. The optimum temperature was $50^{\circ}C$, and the original water content of lipase was sufficient to maintain the activity of lipase, and additional water supplied inhibited the methanolysis of castor oil. Because the lipase was deactivated by methanol, the reaction was tested by three-step addition of 1 molar equivalent of methanol to the oil. However, the oil was not completely converted to its methyl esters. The final reaction mixture using 3 molar equivalents of methanol to the oil consisted of $70\%$ methyl ricinoleate, $18\%$ monoricinoleate, $11\%$ diricinoleate, and trace triricinoleate at the equilibrium state. The yield of methyl ricinoleate was $97\%$ at 6 molar ratio of methanol to the oil with 300g of castor oil and 6g of immobilized Candida antarctica at $50^{\circ}C$ within 24 h.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.510-513
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• 2017

Patchouli oil extraction in general is still using conventional methods that require a long time of extraction. It is therefore necessary to develop extraction methods to obtain patchouli oil with optimum yield and quality. One of the new methods, which has been successfully developed, is microwave hydrodistillation (MHD). In addition to optimizing the extraction process of patchouli oil, this study also used microwave air-hydrodistillation (MAHD). Based on the research results, extraction using MAHD method can produce higher yield of patchouli oil when compared using MHD method. Also, based on the results of the analysis by GC-MS, extraction using MAHD method can produce quality of patchouli oil that is almost the same when compared using MHD method. This is supported by the results of the analysis by GC-MS, which showed that the content of patchouli alcohol is the main component of patchouli oil, and is almost the same for patchouli oil extracted using MHD method (26.32%) and MAHD method (25.23%).

• 신재생에너지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2012

Biodiesel was produced by "transesterification" of vegetable oils and animal fats as an alternative to petroleum diesel. The research analysed the fuel characteristics of biodiesel, the yield of by-products and biodiesel, using several vegetable oils - rapeseed oil, camellia oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, perilla oil, palm oil, olive oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil and animal fats such as lard, tallow, and chicken fat. The results showed the yields of biodiesel made from the vegetable oils and animal fats were $90.8{\pm}1.4{\sim}96.4{\pm}0.9%$ and $84.9{\pm}1.1{\sim}89.6{\pm}1.5%$ respectively. Production rates and oxidation characteristics were different depending on the fats applied.