• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.269-297
• /
• 2021

Bioplastics are attracting attention as a substitute for conventional petroleum-based plastics because they are carbon neutral and can be biodegradable. This study estimated economic and environmental impact of regulating the petroleum-based plastics industry and fostering the bioplastics industry using a Recursive Dynamic CGE Model of the Korean Economy. Results show that the regulation of the conventional plastics industry exhibits a positive environmental impact by reducing greenhouse gases and plastic waste and a negative economic impact with a decrease in GDP. Meanwhile, fostering the bioplastics industry with regulation on conventional plastics industry has similar levels of greenhouse gas and waste reduction effects when there is only regulation on the conventional plastics industry. It is also shown that expanding the production of bioplastics industry offsets existing economic losses as a form of increased GDP. If petroleum-based plastics are replaced through the expansion of bioplastics production, it can contribute to the decoupling of greenhouse gas emissions and plastic waste from economic growth.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 2021

The observation of stellar occultations constitutes one of the most important techniques for determining the dimensions and establishing the physical parameters of small Solar System bodies. The most substantial calculations are obtained from multiple observations of the same event, which turns the observation of stellar occultations into highly collaborative work and groups teams of observers through international networks. The above situation also requires the participation of both professional and amateur observers in these collaborative networks. With the aim of promoting the participation of professional and amateur groups in the collaborative observation of stellar occultations, we present the methodology developed by the Astronomical Observatory of the Technological University of Pereira (OAUTP) for the observations of occultations due small Solar System bodies. We expose the three fundamental phases of the process: the plan to make observations, the capture of the events, and the treatment of the data. We apply our methodology using a fixed station and a mobile station to observe stellar occultations due to MBAs (354) Eleonora (61) Danae (15112) Arlenewolfe (3915) Fukushima (61788) 2000 QP181 (425) Cornelia (257) Silesia (386) Siegena and (41) Daphne, and due to TNOs 1998BU48 and (529823) 2010 PP81. The positive detections for the objects (257) Silesia (386) Siegena and (41) Daphne allow us to derive lower limits in the diameter of the MBAs of 63.1 km, 166.2 km and 158.7 km and offsets in the astrometric position (Δαc cos��c, Δ��c) of 622.30 ± 0.83, 15.23 ± 9.88 mas, 586.06 ± 1.68, 43.03 ± 13.88 mas and -413.44 ± 9.42, 234.05 ± 19.12 mas, respectively.

• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.37-65
• /
• 2022

This article analyzes the relationship between the privacy attitudes of MyData users and the four dimensions of privacy cynicism (distrust, uncertainty, powerlessness, and resignation) as to privacy protection intentions through a structural equation model. It was examined that MyData user's internet skills had a statistically significant negative effect on 'resignation' among the privacy cynicism dimensions. Secondly, privacy risks have a positive effect on 'distrust' in MyData operators, 'uncertainty' in privacy control, and 'powerlessness' in terms of privacy cynicism. Thirdly, it was analyzed that privacy concerns have a positive effect on the privacy cynicism dimensions of 'distrust' and 'uncertainty', with 'resignation' showing a negative effect. Fourthly, it was found that only 'resignation' as a dimension of privacy cynicism showed a negative effect on privacy protection intention. Overall, MyData user's internet skills was analyzed as a variable that could alleviate privacy cynicism. Privacy risks are a variable that reinforces privacy cynicism, and privacy concerns reinforce privacy cynicism. In terms of privacy cynicism, 'resignation' offsets privacy concerns and lowers privacy protection intentions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.620-633
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine how SMEs' perception of organizational support affects turnover intention, and to investigate the moderating effect of abusive supervisionin the relationship between organizational support perception and turnover intention. As a result of the analysis of the study, First, it was confirmed that organizational support perception had a negative (-) effect on turnover intention. Second, the higher the organizational support awareness, the lower the turnover intention, but when the abusive supervision in intervened, it was found that the organizational support perception offsets the effect that reduces the turnover intention again. That is, emotional support, turnover intention still appeared even if the abusive supervisionin was involved, but instrumental support had no effect on turnover intention when the abusive supervisionin was involved. This study is meaningful in that it expanded the scope of manufacturing services, semiconductors, and IT industries of SMEs with high turnover intentions.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.14-32
• /
• 2022

Underwater photographing and image recording are essential for pre-excavation survey and during excavation in underwater archaeology. Unlike photographing on land, all underwater images suffer various quality degradations such as shape distortions, color shift, blur, low contrast, high noise levels and so on. Outcome is very often heavily photographing equipment and photographer dependent. Excavation schedule, weather conditions, and water conditions can put burdens on divers. Usable images are very limited compared to the efforts. In underwater archaeological study in very turbid water such as in the Yellow Sea (between mainland China and the Korean peninsula), underwater photographing is very challenging. In this study, off-site image distortion and color compensation techniques using an image processing/analysis software is investigated as an alternative image quality enhancement method. As sample images, photographs taken during the excavation of 800-year-old Taean Mado Shipwrecks in the Yellow Sea in 2008-2010 were mainly used. Significant enhancement in distortion and color compensation of archived images were obtained by simple post image processing using image processing/analysis software (PicMan) customized for given view ports, lenses and cameras with and without optical axis offsets. Post image processing is found to be very effective in distortion and color compensation of both recent and archived images from various photographing equipment models and configurations. Merits and demerit of in-situ, distortion and color compensated photographing with sophisticated equipment and conventional photographing equipment, which requires post image processing, are compared.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.431-435
• /
• 1987

Terminal bud removal has been thought as a useful practical management of soybean cultivation in Korea, and such cultivating method has been recommended till recent times. Many experiments about the effect of bud removal have been made, but it is not certain yet. This study was conducted to determine if source potential and seed yield would be affected by bud removal in 4 determinate soybean varieties. Terminal bud was removed by hand at the 5 trifoliolate stage of growth. Data were collected on leaf area and leaf dry matter weight from 58 to 101 DAP by nearly every 10 days and some agronomic characteristics and seed yield after maturity. Removing the apical bud did not increased leaf area and leaf dry matter. Number of modes and pods per a plant was increased by bud removal, but number of seeds per a pod was decreased, and seed yield was unchanged by such offsets. From the data, we concluded the source potential of soybean plants was not increased by terminal bud removal under the planting density, 22,000 pit/l0a, however it would be a useful way to reduce the lodging or over-growth.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.539-549
• /
• 2022

Accidental anchor drop can cause disturbances to seabed materials and pose significant threats to the safety and serviceability of submarine structures such as pipelines. In this study, a series of anchor drop tests was carried out to investigate the penetration mechanism of a Hall anchor in sand and clay. A special anchor drop apparatus was designed to model the inflight drop of a Hall anchor. Results indicate that Coriolis acceleration was the primary cause of large horizontal offsets in sand, and earth gravity had negligible impact on the lateral movement of dropped anchors. The indued final horizontal offset was shown to increase with the elevated drop height of an anchor, and the existence of water can slow down the landing velocity of an anchor. It is also observed that water conditions had a significant effect on the influence zone caused by anchors. The vertical influence depth was over 5 m, and the influence radius was more than 3 m if the anchor had a drop height of 25 m in dry sand. In comparison, the vertical influence depth and radius reduced to less than 3 m and 2 m, respectively, when the anchor was released from 10 m height and fell into the seabed with a water depth of 15 m. It is also found that the dynamically penetrating anchors could significantly influence the earth pressure in clay. There is a non-linear increase in the measured penetration depth with kinematic energy, and the resulted maximum earth pressure increased dramatically with an increase in kinematic energy. Results from centrifuge model tests in this study provide useful insights into the penetration mechanism of a dropped anchor, which provides valuable data for design and planning of future submarine structures.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.37.3-37.3
• /
• 2019

We study the stellar populations of the brightest group galaxies (BGGs) in groups whose halos have different dynamical states, using observational data from the GAMA survey. The two independent indicators to probe the dynamical state of the halo are the magnitude gap between two most luminous galaxies (∆M12) and offset between BGG and the luminosity center (Doffset) of the group. Such indicators complement each other in identifying relaxed and unrelaxed galaxy groups in our samples. We find that the BGGs of unrelaxed groups have significantly bluer NUV-r colours than in relaxed groups. This is also true at fixed sersic index. We find the bluer colours cannot be explained away by differing dust fraction, suggesting there are real differences in their stellar populations. SFRs derived from SED-fitting tend to be higher in unrelaxed systems. This could be partly because there is a greater fraction of BGGs with non-elliptical morphology, but also because unrelaxed systems are expected to have larger numbers of mergers, some of which may bring fuel for star formation. The SED-fitted stellar metallicities of BGGs in unrelaxed systems also tend to be higher, perhaps because the building blocks of the unrelaxed systems were more massive and had more time to enrich themselves. We find that the ∆M12 parameter is the most important parameter behind the observed differences in the relaxed/unrelaxed groups. We also find that groups selected to be unrelaxed using our criteria tend to have higher velocity offsets between the BGG and their group.

• Hip & pelvis
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.26-36
• /
• 2024

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a frequently performed procedure; the objective is restoration of native hip biomechanics and achieving functional range of motion (ROM) through precise positioning of the prosthetic components. Advanced three-dimensional (3D) imaging and computed tomography (CT)-based navigation are valuable tools in both the preoperative planning and intraoperative execution. The aim of this study is to provide a thorough overview on the applications of CT scans in both the preoperative and intraoperative settings of primary THA. Preoperative planning using CT-based 3D imaging enables greater accuracy in prediction of implant sizes, leading to enhancement of surgical workflow with optimization of implant inventory. Surgeons can perform a more thorough assessment of posterior and anterior acetabular wall coverage, acetabular osteophytes, anatomical landmarks, and thus achieve more functional implant positioning. Intraoperative CT-based navigation can facilitate precise execution of the preoperative plan, to attain optimal positioning of the prosthetic components to avoid impingement. Medial reaming can be minimized preserving native bone stock, which can enable restoration of femoral, acetabular, and combined offsets. In addition, it is associated with greater accuracy in leg length adjustment, a critical factor in patients' postoperative satisfaction. Despite the higher costs and radiation exposure, which currently limits its widespread adoption, it offers many benefits, and the increasing interest in robotic surgery has facilitated its integration into routine practice. Conducting additional research on ultra-low-dose CT scans and examining the potential for translation of 3D imaging into improved clinical outcomes will be necessary to warrant its expanded application.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.759-784
• /
• 2013

Participants can use the allowances and offsets for implementing the compliance in the Emissions Trading Scheme(ETS). There are alternative commodities which are different prices it gives the opportunities to reduce the compliance costs and get the arbitrage. This study analyzes the price driver of spread which is the difference between EUA and sCER using AR-GARCH model, EUA and CER during the Phase 2 in EU ETS. The results show that there are common elements which impacts the EUA and sCER and also different elements between them. EUA and sCER get the effects from energy price and economic criteria such as coal price and financial crisis as common elements. However them get the effects from electric price, policy criteria such as restricted CERs and difference price between EUA and ERU price as different elements. The results shows that spread will be widen if energy price increase, especially oil and electric price give more impacts the spreads. This study has the means that it explains the reason why the spreads will broaden sharply in 2012. And it also suggests the price driver of spread during the whole period of Phase 2. In addition, this study shows that political aspects maybe become the main criteria of price change with structural elements shch as energy price in Korea ETS which starts in 2015.