• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.272-278
• /
• 1996

Four subtypes of hepatitis B surface antigen are useful in the epidemiologic studies of the route of virus transmission and clinical significance of simultaneous occurance of hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in the same serum as well as useful marker for population migration. The sera were obtained from 214 HBs Ag positive patients who are diagnosed as chronic liver disease and following up in the Yeungnam university hospital. The subtypes were determined by solid-phase sandwich EIA using monoclonal antibodies. Among 214 specimens, the subtype adr was 93.9%, adw was 2.8%, ayr was 0.9%, ar was 0.9%, adwr was 1.4% and ayw was not detected. There were no correlation between subtype pattern and disease. In summary, the subtype adr was prominent in our study and the difference of subtype pattern by severity of disease was not significant. However, to determine the prognostic value of HBs Ag subtype and relationship between subtype and disease progression, long-term follow up will be needed.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.140-146
• /
• 2012

The commercial product "pyto-patch" prepared as nano sized silver particle less than 5 nm, has effective antifungal activity against Collectotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro. As a fungal growth inhibiton mechanism, it can reduce spore germination rate and mycelial growth. As s promising fungicide, Phyto-patch can control anthracnose effectively. The spore of C. gloeosporioides dipped in 5 ppm phyto-patch dilute suppressed germination rate to 13.2%, and mycelial growth stopped for 15 days at 10 ppm. The spore postinoculated on 10 ppm phyto-path smeared PDA surface could not germinate for 3 days and prohibit pathogen infection effectively. In field test, the anthracnose development of 4 ppm phyto-patch treated plot was less than 7% after 21 days compaired to 40% of it in untreated plot. In heavy rainfall season, pepper anthracnose effectivly contrrolled by regular 10 ppm phytopatch spraying every 7 days. The diseased pepper fruit decreased to 5.8% compaired to 94.6% in untreated plot. During drying period, the diseased pepper fruit havested in phyto-patch treated plot was 24.2%, but pepper fruit havested in untreated plot destroyed to 100% within 3 days. The nano silver particle coated on multching textile prevented late blight of pepper effectively and disease occurance delayed about month.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 1996

his study was undertaken to assess the residual interventricular shunt following surgical closure of the isolated ventricular septal defect. From January 1989 through December 1993, 211 patients underwent surgical closure of the isolated ventricular septal defect. All patients had 2D-Echocardlo-graphic study after operation to rule out residual ventricular septal defect. There was a 9.5% incidence of a definite residual shunt. The type of ventricular septal defect, closure method of the defect and cardiopulmonary bypass time showed no significant differences between two groups. The sue of ventricular septal defect (6.3 $\pm$ 3.7mm versus 10.6 $\pm$ 5.8mm : p : 0.0034), aortic cross-clamping time(32.6 $\pm$ 15.0 minutes versus 48.5 $\pm$ 20.0 minutes, p : 0.0003), pulmonary-to-systemic pressure ratio(0.31 $\pm$ 0.22 versus 0.51 $\pm$ 0.33, p=0.019) and mean pulmonary artery pressure(20.3 $\pm$ 11.9 mmHg versus 29.1 $\pm$ 16.2 mmHg, p : 0.009) were meaningfully different between two groups. There were 9 insta ces of spontaneous closure of the residual shunts at mean 21 months of following up (ranged 1 ~43 months). In conclusion, we suggest that the size of ventricular septal defect, aortic cross-clamping time and mean pulmonary artery pressure may play an important role in occurance of residual ventricular septal defect.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 1977

This stuy was conducted to analyse the variation in occurrance of fruit body of Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing, depending on difference of cultivation and harvesting method and to find out a method for early predicting the mushroom yield potential at the base of results of the analysis. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. Total mushroom yield was highly correlated with picking amount of fruit bodies during first 30 days of picking period, and yield potentiality in the certain high yielding mushroom house was markedly affected with the yield of middle and late period of picking. 2. Variation of mushroom yield with varying the degree of maturity of fruit bodies appeared to be different between spring and autumn cropping : in case autumn cropping was usally undertaken with normal cropping scheme, mushroom yield showed a reduction in early period of picking but an increase in late period when the mushrooms where picked at pre-matured stage. 3. When the picking rate of button form was laid in the range of 20~45%, and increase of total mushroom yield was accompanied by an increasing tendency of picking rate of button form. 4. Cropping results from mushroom houses could be early predicted from the regression equations, which was based on the analysis of variation in fruit body occurance throughout the picking period.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.274-277
• /
• 2010

This study was performed to report the augmented wild populations of Forsythia koreana (Rehder) Nakai and Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai in Korea. Forsythia koreana was found in Budong-myeon, Cheongsong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do. The overall size of the natural habitat of Forsythia koreana is $5m{\times}5m$. A total of 12 individuals were recorded in the wild, and 3 of them were in the seedling stage. The wild habitat is in a secondary forest, which is co-dominated by Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc and Robinia pseudoacacia L, with 15% coverage. The coverage of the shrub layer is 40% and is dominated by Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora Nakai. The natural habitat of Abeliophyllum disitichum, which is recorded in Uisong-up, Gyeongsangbuk-do, is distributed in sites characterized by boulders along streams, with a patchwork of 15 scattered areas over a habitat size of $50m{\times}15m$. Quercus variabilis Blume is a dominant species in this habitat, with this species dominating at the sub-tree layer. Celtis aurantiaca Nakai also dominates at the shrub layer. The natural ranges of these two species in Korea were mapped based on the terms of the extent of occupancy (EoO).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.69-83
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to classify the types of street parking in low-rise residential areas. First of all, prior research was reviewed to examine the background of occurance and the process of change of low-rise residential areas. and derive factors that affect the street environment. Next, based on the selection criteria, the residential area of Bangi 2-dong, Songpa-gu was selected as the site of the case and the status analysis was conducted on streets, buildings, and on-road parking. The summary of the results is on-road parking usually occurs on residential streets where social consensus is difficult to reach, suggesting that alternatives to on-road parking in residential areas are needed. Based on the results of the previous analysis, street types were classified considering the characteristics of streets, structures and street parking. Then, the characteristics of each type of street were analyzed and implication for improving the street environment were suggested. In addition, the results of the classification of street types confirmed that different street parking occurred depending on the width of the street and the use of the lower floors, even if it was the same area, and that a solution was needed accordingly.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.114-133
• /
• 1997

Perforation plate was observed in 78 species(45 genera, 25 families) of Korean native hardwoods using SEM and it was divided into three types, i.e., simple, scalariform and multiple perforation plates, Based on occurance of these types, the species examined were classfied into the following six groups : (1) 60species(35 genera, 21 families) having exclusively simple perforation, (2) 5 species(2 genera, 1 families) having exclusively scalariform perforation plates, (3) 4 species(4 genera, 3 families) having simple and scalariform perforation plates, (4) 2 species(2 genera, 1 families) having simple and multiple perforation plates, (5) 5 species(3 genera, 3 families) having scalariform and multiple perforation plates and (6) 2 species(2 genera, 2 families) having simple, scalariform and multiple perforation plates. Mismatching perforation plates were found in two species of Betulaceae, Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica and Alnus hirsuta and peculiar substructure between the bars of the scalariform perforation plate was observed in Betulaceae, Betula davurica and Cercidiphyllaceae, Cerdiphyllum japonicum and the vestured perforation plate was found in Quercus aliena.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 1999

Accidents involving children are an important cause of death and disability. They also have enomorous financial implications. In order to prevent childhood accidents, research and education for safety should be strengthened. The purpose of this study was to determine how often young children have accidents and what factors affect the accident rate. The sample consisted of 771 children who were in the second, third and forth grades of two elementary schools located in Kyung-gi Province. One school had students from middle class families living in apartment complexes and the other, students from lower income families mainly living in single houses. The questionnaires included items on the occurance of accidents and the parents' attitudes regarding accidents during the academic year from March 1997 to February 1998. The Questionnaires were distributed to conventiently selected students to be compeleted by their parents and collected during the period of May 28, to June 6, 1998. The data were analyzed using SAS PC statistical package. The results of the study are as follows ; 1. Of 771 student subjects, 393 had 887 accidental injuries during the study period. 2. The month, the day and the time with the highest accident rate were May, Sunday, and between 1 and 4 p. m. each. 3. In the analysis of the location where the injury took place, the most frequent place was on around their homes followed by school and, then, inside the home 4. Most of the accidents were caused by carelessness on the part of the children and the most frequent type of injury was an abrasion. 5. Children most injured their legs 6. They were treated at home most often and usually emergency treatment was performed by family members with, disinfection being the main type of first aid. Cost of the treatment ranged from 8,000 to 20,000 won in most cases. 7. House type and parents' education level were statistically significant in chi-square analysis. 8. Parents educate their children about traffic safety most frequently followed by fire safety and, then, prevention of violence. 9. Parents think that prevention of violence should be the most important part of injury prevention education both at school and home. 10. To identify factors related to accident occurrence, multiple logistic regression was performed and the main factors were birth order and house type.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.116-121
• /
• 2006

Familial hypophosphatemia is the most common hereditary rickets which occur hypophosphatemia as the calcium concentration in the blood serum is normal but the phosphate concentration in the blood serum decreases by dysfunction of renaltubular phosphorus reabsorption. In spite of the low concentration of phosphate in the blood serum discharge of phosphate by urine and alkaline phosphatase increases remarkably. It is a sex-linked and normally male show severe clinical symptoms than female. This kind of familial hypophosphatemia patients show frontal bossing, square head, short of status for general finding, and for dental finding, thinning of limina dura and dental follicle, thin and hypoplastic enamel, enlarged pulp chamber and canal, high occurance rate of periapical and periodontal abscess and unknown cause of rarefying osteitis. This case is to report about the clinical finging and dental treatment of a child patient, who came to the hospital for treatment of deciduous teeth caries but was refered to pediatrics because the child showed clinically short of status, bow-leg and radiographically enlarged pulp chamber and canal, there as diagnosed as familial hypophosphatemia.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.288-293
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to provide response plans against acts of suicide bomb using utilize unmanned aircrafts to prevent large losses of lives such as the terrorist attacks of September 11. As the result, First, this research suggests revising the definition and categorization of utilizing unmanned aircrafts and legislating the Anti-terrorism law. Second, it is needed to establish the proper social safety network through terrorism response management integrated system against the terror of related organization. Third, suicide bomb using utilizing unmanned aircrafts can be occurred because it is possible to make bomb and open web site for terrorism without connection with terrorist organization because of universal use of Internet. In response to this, it is needed to make a law which can block the use and open of illegal site and contents. Forth, the increasing number of foreigners and immigrants can make conflicts, and cause the foreigner's anti-korea feeling and the citizen's anti-cultural diffusion. Therefore, it is needed for the citizen to change and improve the awareness of them, and the change of social politics.