• 제목/요약/키워드: observation methods

검색결과 2,643건 처리시간 0.036초

관찰형태에 따른 동작관찰 훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 안정성 한계와 동적보행능력에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Action Observation with Observation Type on Limits of Stability and Dynamic Gait Ability in Stroke Patients)

  • 양용필;김수진
    • 대한물리의학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2017
  • PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of action observation with observation type on the limits of stability and dynamic gait ability in stroke patients. METHODS: The 20 stroke patients who participated in this study were randomly divided into two experimental groups who underwent training three times a week for 4 weeks. Their balance was tested as the limit of stability with Biorescue. Their Dynamic gait ability was tested with the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) before the intervention, and after 4 weeks. Independent and paired t-tests were used to analyze the results. RESULTS: The results confirmed the limit of stability on the moving areas of the paralyzed and non-paralyzed sides. The limit of stability and dynamic gait index measurements confirmed that the moving area showed a significant difference after the intervention in the whole movement observation group (p<.05), but the partial movement observation group showed no significant difference (p>.05). A significant difference was also noted for the comparison between the both groups after the interventions (p<.05). The functional walking ability showed a significant difference when compared to the ability before the intervention, as determined by the changes in scores obtained for the dynamic gait index (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Interventions utilizing whole movement confirm that training improves stability and functional walking ability in stroke patients with disabilities in balance and walking ability.

카페공간에서 방문의도성과 대상체의 유무에 따른 관심영역 분석 (An Analyzed the Area of Interest based on the Visiting Intention and Existence of People in Cafe Space)

  • 김주연
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.130-139
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    • 2016
  • To determine "how humans move in space, what they want, and through which visual information they act and choose," this study aims to define in which sense space is preferred in gaze. The ultimate goal is to extract data of human visual awareness and preference in space. This study analyzed the observation characteristics perceived through observation frequency and time depending on the purpose cafe customers to understand what intension of visiting the space has on the observation characteristics which are the results obtained as information through visual perception. This research methods are as follows. First, the areas of preference in $caf{\acute{e}}$ space gazed by visual concentration are analyzed by divided into 12 by 12 grid A and B images separated depends on existence of people. Second, eye-tracking visual path in conscious gaze is analyzed to examine. Third, though the higher section frequency is likely to have more observation time, the interest area of I(3sec/180), II(6sec/360) and III(9sec/540) had higher frequency of Intention. The followings are the results of this study. First, the time range for searching or wandering and the observation characteristics could be estimated by the meaning of observation time by grade with the time-range out of the distribution of sections. Second, at the time distribution by section, when there was intention, the observation time was found to have higher occupation. In conclusion, this study is to determine the correlation of human concentration gazing at space images. It is an exploratory research on research methodologies, and aims to develop methodologies and provide basic data to plan attractive spaces in light of the subconscious of consumers in the future by interpreting gaze data related to concentration.

스키 시뮬레이션을 통한 행동관찰에서 뇌파의 변화 (Changes in Electroencephalogram for Action Observation of Ski Simulation)

  • 송종철;황태연;강종호;윤세원;김문정;김용남
    • 대한임상전기생리학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.15-21
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    • 2011
  • Purpose : This study aims to examine the effects of action observation of ski simulation on electroencephalogram (EEG). Methods : Thirty healthy subjects were randomly divided into three groups: 10 participants in an AM (actual movement) group; 10 participants in an OM (observation) group; and 10 participants in a CM (control movement) group. The EEG was measured to examine changes in EEG between action observation and actually movement at 8 areas of the scalp for one minute before, during and after action observation. Results : Relative alpha power showed statistically significant differences among groups in Cz and C4 and there were interactions among groups in the Oz area. Relative beta power showed no statistical significance among groups and in particular, there were interactions among groups in the Oz area. Conclusion : These findings show that action observation affected brain activation as in actual movement. Thus it can be expected that when movement through the brain activation is applied to patients in bed rest or those who cannot perform actually movement, it can be utilized as physiotherapy.

동영상 관찰훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 편측무시와 일상생활활동 수행능력에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Video Observation Training on Neglect and Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Living of Stroke Patients)

  • 김태수;권혁철;조영석
    • 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.53-61
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    • 2014
  • 목적 : 본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 동영상 관찰훈련이 편측무시와 일상생활활동 수행능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 뇌졸중 진단을 받은 환자 30명을 대상으로 실험군 15명은 작업치료와 물리치료 외에 추가로 동영상 관찰훈련을 실시하였고, 대조군은 작업치료와 물리치료 외에 추가로 위상치료를 실시하였다. 치료 중재 전 후의 편측무시를 비교하기 위해 선 나누기 검사를 시행하였고, 일상생활활동 수행능력을 비교하기 위해 FIM을 시행하였다. 결과 : 동영상 관찰훈련을 시행한 집단이 위상치료를 시행한 집단에 비해 편측무시가 감소되었고, 일상생활활동 수행능력이 더 많이 향상되었다. 선 나누기 검사로 평가된 편측무시는 일상생활활동 수행능력과 통계학적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : 동영상 관찰훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 편측무시 감소와 일상생활활동 수행능력 향상을 위한 치료방법으로써 임상에서 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

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자기관찰훈련을 병행한 과제보행운동이 뇌졸중 환자의 다리 근활성도와 보행에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Task Gait Exercise Combined with Self-observation Training on Leg Muscle Activity and Gait in Stroke Patients)

  • 강정일;백승윤;정대근
    • 대한물리의학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.59-67
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    • 2022
  • PURPOSE: This study examined the effectiveness of task gait exercise combined with self-observation training to provide basic clinical data by analyzing the factors that task gait exercise combined with self-observation training has on the leg muscle activity and gait improvement in stroke patients. METHODS: The subjects were assigned randomly to experimental Group I, which mediated task gait exercise combined with self-observation training, and experimental Group II, which mediated task-walking movement. They received 30-minute interventions three times a week for four weeks. The leg muscle activity and 10 m walking test (10MWT) were conducted as pre-intervention tests, and they underwent a post-test four weeks later in the same manner as the pre-test. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed in all muscles and 10MWT (p < .01) in experimental group I (p < .05), while there were significant differences only in the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and 10MWT (p < .05). In a comparison of the changes between groups, there were statistically significant differences only in the tibialis anterior, soleus muscle, and 10MWT (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Self-observation training in experimental group I was effective in increasing the leg muscle activity and improving walking speed by discovering and correcting incorrect movements and following a normal gait pattern using the ankle joint. Therefore, the task gait exercise combined with self-observation training should be introduced and actively utilized for the rapid social recovery of stroke patients.

한약 탕전 팩의 미생물 연구 (Observation of Microorganism in Herbal Decoction mafactured by Korean Medical Clinic)

  • 유영법;마진열;하혜경;황대선;김복규;신광수;신현규
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.119-126
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    • 2007
  • Objectives: This study presents observation of microorganism such as total aerobic bacteria, total fungus, E. coli, Pseudonomas aerugjnosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium in herbal decoction manufactured by Korean medical clinic. Methods: We examined to observe microorganism using the requirements for the experimental methods recommended by FDA. For the identification, we observed microscopic methods and carried out polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA purification. The purified DNA samples were analyzed by DNA sequencer. As compared with NCBI database. the results were identified by sequences similarity. Results and conclusion: 26 (55%) of 46 decoctions observed positive for microbial test. 12 (46 %) of 26 positive decoctions exceed requirement of microbial limit test. These microbial colony identified genus of Bacillus using microscopic and DNA sequencing methods.

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Acupuncture: How Might the Mechanisms of Treatment Have Contributed to the Diagnosis of "Patterns" and Pattern-based Treatments - Speculations on the Evolution of Acupuncture as a Therapy. Implications for Researchers

  • Birch, Stephen
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.47-51
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    • 2018
  • Acupuncture is a complex intervention that manifests varied theories, treatment methods, diagnostic methods and diagnostic patterns. Traditionally based systems of acupuncture (TBSAs) often have their own diagnostic approaches and patterns. Despite the wide variety that can be found amongst TBSAs, is it possible that they share a common background in clinical observation and practice? Research has shown that multiple physiological pathways and mechanisms can be triggered by different acupuncture techniques and methods. It is highly likely that clinicians will have observed some of the effects of these responses and used those observations as feedback to help construct the patterns of diagnosis and their associated treatments. This review briefly examines this possibility. Pattern identification will have developed out of a complex interaction of factors that include; theories current at the time of their development, historical theories, personal choices and beliefs, training, practice methods, clinical observations and the natural feedback that comes from observing how things change once the treatment is applied. Researchers investigating TBSAs and pattern identification need to be more explicit about the systems they have investigated in order to understand the biological basis of pattern identification and their treatments.

Effect of Drying Methods on Longitudinal Liquid Permeability of Korean Pine

  • Lee, Min-Gyoung;Lu, Jianxiong;Jiang, Jiali;Kang, Ho-Yang
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제36권5호
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 2008
  • This study was carried to investigate the effects of steaming and four different drying methods on the longitudinal liquid permeability of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc.) board. Four drying methods were air drying, conventional kiln drying, microwave-vacuum drying and high temperature drying. Darcy equation was used for calculating the specific permeability of the small sapwood specimens taken from the treated boards while capillary rising method was used for the heartwood specimens. The sapwood specimens were extracted with water and benzene-alcohol solution to examine the mechanism of liquid flow in treated wood. No significant correlation was found between specific permeability and the number of resin canals of the sapwood specimens. Extraction decreased the differences of specific permeabilities of the sapwood specimens between the five treatment methods. The effects of extraction on the longitudinal permeability are different between five treatments. The fluid path in heartwood was observed by dynamic observation method.

파종방법에 따른 수크령, 갈대, 억새의 발아 및 초기생장 특성 (Germination and Early Growth Characteristics of Pennisetum alopecuroides, Phragmites communis, and Miscanthus sinensis According to the Seeding Methods)

  • 조용현;이가형
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.163-172
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    • 2014
  • To investigate the possibility of developing the seeding measure for river bank slope revegetation, germination experiment and early growth observation were conducted using 3 native species growing naturally around river banks such as Pennisetum alopecuroides, Phragmites communis, and Miscanthus sinensis. The applied seeding methods were 3 such as scattering seeds, tillage after scattering seeds, and covering up seed with soil after scattering seeds. According to seeding methods, germination experiment and early growth observation were carried out on nursery bed soil in greenhouse. As results of this study, all the 3 native plant species' germination ratio and growth in length on nursery bed soil were highest on the seeding method of covering up seed with soil. Also it was verified by Duncan's multiple range test that the germination ratio and growth in length on the seeding method of covering up seed with soil is distinguished from those on other two seeding methods. According to this results, the best possible seeding measure to be developed should be mechanical seed spraying with soil.

초등학교 수학교육 실제의 이해 -교수.학습 방법을 중심으로- (Understanding of the Practice of Elementary School Mathematics Education - Focused on the Teaching and Learning Methods -)

  • 나귀수;최승현
    • 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.275-295
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    • 2003
  • 본 논문에서는 교수·학습 방법을 중심으로 우리 나라 초등학교 수학교육의 실제를 이해하기 위하여, 선행 연구 고찰, 설문 조사, 수업 관찰 등을 실시하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 초등학교 수학과에서 널리 활용하는 교수·학습 방법은 강의법(또는 발문 중심의 방법), 활동 중심의 방법, 소집단 협동 학습 방법, 공학적 도구 활용 방법인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 교수·학습 방법과 관련하여 가장 미흡한 것으로 분석된 점은, 교사들이 추구하고 있는 교수·학습 방법이 다소간은 외형적인 충실함에 치중하는 경향이 있다는 것이다. 그러므로, 어떤 특정한 교수·학습 방법을 활용하여 수업을 진행한다고 할 때, 그 방법의 절차적인 순서와 같은 외형적인 측면과 함께, 그 교수·학습 방법에서 본질적으로 목적으로 하고 있는 부분이 무엇인가를 파악하고 그것을 실현하기 위해 노력할 필요가 있다.

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