• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify observation methods, observation targets and their changes in elementary school students' observing aquariums. Silurus microdorsalis, Orthrias nudus, Iksookimia rotundicaudata and Semisulcospira bensoni in two aquariums were observed for 40 minutes in every week during 10 weeks by elementary children. Students' observation methods and targets were analyzed with their observation diary. Also the change of observation methods and targets on each species were analysed based on the observation diary. This study found the facts which was change of observation methods and observation targets according to observable theme of each species as time goes by. The results also found children's various methods and targets in observing living objects and observation methods were changed variously during 10 week-observation. The results of this study may provide more various and systematic norm and assessment criteria for teaching observation.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.28-43
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• 2023

Purpose : Intensive care unit (ICU) diaries have been implemented across the international ICU community. This study aimed to comprehend the meaning and nature of the lived experience of patients' families using the ICU diary in Korea. Methods : This qualitative study adopted van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology. The participants comprised eight women and two men who were the family members of patients in the ICU for more than three days. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and observation from July 2018 to January 2019. Results : Patients' families who experienced the ICU diary recognized it with six beings according to time: a good idea, forgotten stuff, burdensome work, touching service, my stuff, and a thing in the memory. The ICU diary had three essential meanings for the families: communication, solace and hope, and a record of life. These findings were rearranged according to van Manen's fundamental existential, and the lived things and lived others were remarkably confirmed. Conclusion : Patients' families experienced various ICU diary forms over time and recognized an ICU diary as a means of communication. Therefore, the ICU diary is expected to be used as an intervention between families and healthcare providers in the ICU to support mutual communication.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2016

Objective: In this paper, work time for the representative fruit crops are collected and analyzed using time-diary method, and the collected data were compared with the directly observed work time using GPS device. Background: There is no consistent conclusion which measurement method for work time is accurate. Most of the research results were collected from the environment other than rural area. Therefore, there is need to review reliability of the measurement methods for the agricultural work which are carried out for a long duration. Method: Top five crops (apple, pear, grape, sweet persimmon, and peach) were selected according to the number of farms and cultivation areas. We let fruit growers fill a work diary during one cropping period. A difference between the work-time that was recorded by the farmers and the direct observed worktime using GPS device were analyzed. Results: Average direct work time for the five fruit crops found to be 7.1% of the total work time. Conclusions and Applications: Reliability was secured by recording the daily work diary at each work stage while aware that direct observation is carried on. Data which are being collected by government institutions are obtained by the memories of the respondents. Therefore, it is needed to try the method adopted by this study in order to collect more accurate data.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.8673-8678
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• 2015

본 논문은 토마토 생육 진단 시스템 개발에 관한 것이다. 토마토 생육 진단을 위하여 우선 생육에 영향을 미치는 주요 지표를 정의하였고, 이 지표를 이용하여 토마토 생육 상태에 대한 진단과 이에 따른 조치 정보를 제공한다. 생육에 대한 지표는 지속적인 관찰을 통하여 생육 상태를 확인하는 측정 지표(Measure Index; MI)와 현재 토마토가 영영생장 단계인지 또는 생식생장 단계인지를 판단하는 단계 지표(Period Index; PI)로 구성되었다. 본 시스템의 관찰일지는 MI와 PI에 대한 기록 정보를 입력하는 기능을 제공하고 있다. MI인 경우, 진단은 관찰일지에 기록된 데이터와 미리 정의된 해당 지표에 대한 정상 기준(표준) 값을 비교한 결과이다. PI인 경우 미리 정의된 영양 생장 지표와 생식 생장 지표에 체크를 하여 어느 부분에 치우쳤는지 판단하도록 만들어졌다. 진단 결과 정의된 조치를 수행하는 기능을 서비스한다. 본 시스템은 타 작물로 서비스 확장을 고려하여 구현되었다. 본 시스템을 이용하면 농가에게 정확한 생육 진단과 그에 따른 조치 정보를 제공할 수 있기 때문에 농가의 생산성 향상에 기여할 것을 기대하고 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.314-323
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• 2016

Objectives: Time location data are critical for accurately estimating personal exposures. This review papers summarized various measurement methods of time location pattern for air pollution exposure assessment. Methods: Forty manuscripts (papers, books and reports) were reviewed to comprehensively describe time location measurement methods. Results: This review included traditional methods such as time activity diary, questionnaire, observation, focus group and newly developed technical methods including global positioning system, web, radio frequency identification and ultrasound detection. Some research applied a combination of methods. Conclusion: Although various methods have been used to collect time location data, further development of accurate measurement methods for time location data is needed.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2011

As a multidisciplinary study encompassing oceanography and history, we have attempted to reanalyze the course of a historical navel battle, Myungryang Naval Battle(September 16th, 1597 according to the lunar calendar) through hindcasting the paleo-tidal currents and -tides(PTC). Firstly, we conducted harmonic analysis using 6-month current data observed at Uldolmok and 1-year elevation data provided by Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute in order to understand their characteristics and to hindcast the PTC. Observation results show that Uldolmok, ~300m wide, relatively narrow channel, is characterized by a flood-dominant mixed mainly semidiurnal tidal regime induced by relatively-strong shallow water constituents, showing closely a standing wave type of tidal current. Further, we hindcasted PTC on the day of Myungryang Naval Battle. Our results were compared and discussed with results(time and speeds of maximum(flood and ebb) currents and high and low water times) of the previous studies estimated from different methods. Lastly, we reconstruct the course of the event of Myungryang Naval Battle recorded in the Admiral Sun-Sin Yi's War Diary(Nangjung Iigi in Korean) based on our hindcasting results.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.67-87
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• 2006

본 연구는 초등학교에서 이루어지는 수행평가 실시에서의 문제점을 인식하고 자기평가, 동료평가 및 관찰평가의 실천을 통하여 평가에 따르는 시간적인 제약을 줄이고, 평가의 결과를 교수 학습계획에 반영시킴으로써 평가를 통한 초등수학과 교수 학습의 개선에 대한 시사점을 찾아보고자 이루어졌다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 연구자는 초등학교 2학년 1개 반 학생 40명을 대상으로 자기평가, 동료평가를 실시하고 '재미있는 놀이를 하여 봅시다' 차시의 운영과정에서 관찰평가를 한 학기동안 적용하였으며 평가의 적용과정에서 얻어진 학생들의 자기평가결과물(수학일지, 자기평가지, 평가의 과정에서의 대화내용)과 관찰평가 결과물(체크리스트, 놀이 활동 결과물, 놀이의 과정에서의 대화내용)을 분석해 보았다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of computer pointing game on the visual perception ability of children with severe intellectual disability. Based on a literature review, we developed a computer pointing game to improve visual perception ability, which consisted of three stages; catching a hamburger, catching a hamburger and a soda, and catching various foods. At each stage, different instructional models were applied by difficulty level of the contents. Experiments were performed among four children with severe intellectual disabilities for three weeks. They belonged to H public school in Kyeonggi, Korea. Their visual perceptions were quantitatively measured four times by utilizing the Korean Developmental Test of Visual Perception tool (K-DTVP-2). For qualitative evaluation, an observation assessment diary was written and analyzed. All four children at the fourth test showed better visual perception ability, compared with the ability at the first test. As a result of the analysis of the observation assessment, they were considered successful in their learning and ordinary life related to visual perception. It can be concluded that the computer pointing game may play a role in helping children with severe intellectual disabilities improve their visual perception ability.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.141-151
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• 2003

In this study the writer would like to study the art of navigation in the Era of Silla. For the purpose of this study, the writer studied ship's log book of Ennin's Diary, the ancient ship's structures of Korean, Chinese, Japanese, winds and ocean currents around Korean Peninsular which effect the navigation of sailing ship, and ancient reference books and materials. The result of this study. in the ship's structure in the Era of Silla. bottom structure is considered flat and V-Shaped type, and sailing ship had anchor, sail, considerable deckhouse, transverse bulkhead. And the ship's main materials of sailing ship was wood. partially used irons in the panting structures. In the art of navigation, navigators used winds, ocean current, anchor, sail, depth and color of sea water, lights, ballast. Especially navigators used astrologers and geomancers for astronomical observation, weather forecast, natural phenomena.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.113-139
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• 2009

In this study, we apply the discovery method in the instruction of Permutation and Combination, and examine the effect upon the student's emotion after the instruction change. The research progressed through the instruction by the discovery method for two students of highschool Y. This research has been done for about one and half year from November 2006 to February 2008. We draw our research results through a series of processes consisted of videotaping a classroom activities, recording interview details and writing an observation diary, with the aim of the experimental instruction. In the end, we get to the conclusion that students showed a strong positive attitude on the discovery instructional method and that diverse discovery method has supplementary relation in classwork.