• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.663-672
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• 2015

마늘 효소분해물과 포도과피, 감 및 아선약 추출물을 혼합한 복합물이 고지방 식이를 급이한 흰쥐의 혈청 및 간 조직 내 지질성분에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 마늘 효소분해물과 포도과피, 감 및 아선약 추출물을 9.5:0.5, 9:1, 8:2(w/w)의 비율로 혼합한 복합물을 제조하여 in vitro에서 DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성을 측정한 결과, 8:2(w/w)로 혼합한 아선약 복합물에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 8:2(w/w)의 비율로 조정된 마늘 효소분해 복합물을 2.5 g/kg/day의 농도로 5주간 흰쥐에게 경구 투여한 결과, 총 지질 및 콜레스테롤 함량은 대조군에 비해 아선약 복합물을 투여한 군에서 유의적으로 감소되었고, 중성지방 함량은 감 복합물 투여군에서 54.29 mg/dl로 가장 낮았다. HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 감 및 아선약 복합물에서 유의적으로 높았고, LDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 천연색소 복합물 투여군에 비해 마늘 효소분해물을 투여한 군에서 더 낮았으며, VLDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 감 복합물 투여군에서 가장 낮았다. GOT, GPT 및 ALP 활성은 천연색소 복할물 중 감 복합물 투여군에서 유의적으로 낮았으며, 간 조직 중 총 지질, 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 함량은 대조군에 비해 감 및 아선약 복합물 투여군에서 유의적으로 낮았다. 항산화 활성은 혈청에서는 아선약 복합물 투여군에서 50.86%로 가장 높았고, 간 조직에서는 감 복합물 투여군에서 가장 높았다. 혈청 및 간 조직의 TBARS 함량은 감 복합물 투여군에서 각각 18.24 mmol/dl 및 60.72 mmol/dl로 가장 낮았다. 따라서 고지방 식이성 흰쥐에서 마늘 효소분해물에 감 추출물을 혼합한 복합물의 급이는 체내 지질 함량을 낮추고 항산화활성을 증가시킴으로써 고지혈증 및 항비만 효과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.581-586
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• 2020

본 연구는 현재 유통 중인 다이어트 제품 62건에 대한 부정유해물질의 실태조사를 위하여 비만치료제 및 그 유사물질 6종(오르리스타트, 시부트라민, 데스메틸시부트라민, 디데스메틸시부트라민, 클로로시부트라민, 클로로시펜트라민)과 중금속(납, 카드뮴, 비소) 함량을 조사하였다. 연구결과, 다이어트 제품 62건에 대하여 비만치료제 및 그 유사물질 6종은 검출되지 않았다. 중금속은 납, 카드뮴, 비소 각각 다류의 경우 ND-0.177 mg/kg, 0.002-0.233 mg/kg, 0.001-0.188 mg/kg, 캔디류의 경우 ND-0.370 mg/kg, 0.003-0.057 mg/kg, 0.007-0.120 mg/kg, 체중조절용조제식품의 경우 ND-0.055 mg/kg, 0.012-0.045 mg/kg, 0.010-0.163 mg/kg의 함량을 나타냈다. 기준 규격이 설정되어있지 않은 기타가공식품의 경우 납, 카드뮴, 비소 각각 ND-2.324 mg/kg, 0.004-0.936 mg/kg, 0.003-21.247 mg/kg의 함량을 보였으며, 비소의 경우 2건이 PTWI 기준치 이상의 수치를 보였다. 결과적으로 식품군의 안전관리를 위하여 향후 기준 규격이 없는 기타가공식품 유형에 대한 적절한 기준 설정이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2007

Low glycemic index (GI) foods have been reported to be very important in the control of blood glucose levels in diseases such as diabetes mellitus and obesity, which are becoming more prevalent in Korea. Bread consumption at breakfast and as a snack is also on the rise. To provide low GI alternatives, breads supplemented with dietary fibers-fructooligosaccharide (FOS), ground whole rye, and 2 types of resistance starch (RS2 and RS4)-were developed. The GIs for these breads were evaluated with 13 healthy college students (M6, F7) and sensory tests were done. Four kinds of breads were made through the modification of a basic recipe for white bread (the control, B) as follows: for Bf, the entire amount of sugar was replaced with FOS. For Ryef, 50% of the white wheat flower was replaced with roughly ground wholerye (20 mesh: 12-20 mesh = 1 : 3) in addition to replacing sugar with FOS. For RS2f and RS4f, 20% of the white wheat flower was replaced with RS2 or RS4, in addition to replacing sugar with FOS. The overall preference score of Bf was similar to that of B, while those of Ryef, RS2f and RS4f were lower than that of B, but showed the acceptable degree of the overall preference. The glycemic indices of Ryef and RS2f were 46.1 and 45.9 respectively, which were significantly lower than the GI of B, 67.8. The GIs of Bf and RS4f were, however, 66.7 and 80.5 respectively, showing no significant difference compared to B. The glycemic loads for a 30 g serving were 9.5, 5.9, 6.2, 11.0 and 9.0 for B, Bf, Ryef, RS2f and RS4f, respectively. In conclusion, addition of RS2 or roughly ground whole rye to the dough formula significantly lowered the GI. Since the preferences shown for those two breads were acceptable, they may be recommended as a substitute for white bread fir persons who need blood glucose management. More studies on the bread making process are required to improve preference and acceptance. Although GI lowering effects for F and RS4 were not found in this study, further studies are needed to verify their effects.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.724-741
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the body weight controls and eating disorders of university students in Gunsan. The subject of the present study included 229 male students (53.8%) and 197 female students (46.2%), totalling 426 students from Kunsan University. The subjects consisted of 56 underweight (13.1%), 265 with normal weight (62.2%), and 105 overweight (24.6%). Especially, in females, 20.8% of them were underweight, which is 6.6% higher than males, showing a significant difference (p<0.001). Regarding body image, 21.8% of the males thought they were fat, while 40.6% of the females thought they were fat. Regarding the perceived body type, shown in the difference between their own size and the ideal size, males recorded 0.03, while females recorded 1.75, showing a major significant difference (p<0.001). Regarding body satisfaction, 33.2% of the males were unsatisfied, while 52.8% of the females were unsatisfied (p<0.001). The social expectations of the male subjects' sizes and weights recorded 2.04, while that of females recorded -2.51, showing that people's opinions expected the female subjects' bodies to be thinner (p<0.001). Additionally, the social expectation of the subjects' weight control recorded an average of 15.22 (13.92 for males, 16.73 for females), showing that the female subjects' felt that people's opinions wished them to lose their weight (p<0.001). Regarding the recognition on weight control, interested males were 49.4%, while interested females were 86.8%, showing the females superior rate (p<0.001). The beliefs in relation to weight control recorded an average of 62.01, with the score of females of 67.89 being significantly higher than that of males which was 56.96. The subjects showed a relatively positive response towards weight control (p<0.001). EAT-26 score was employed to determine the eating attitudes in relation to gender. Here, the final score of males was 15.46, which was significantly lower than that of females, which was 22.21 (p<0.001). Furthermore, regarding the score of eating attitudes in relation to obesity index, the eating disorder scale scores on the questions related to bulimia and diets to lose weight as weight increases were high. However, the eating disorder scale score on oral control, which actually controls food, was low. To control the expansion of excessive weight control attempts and their side effects, the recognition of the students' body types needs to be corrected, and nutrition education programs on eating habits and eating disorders to foster proper weight loss are deemed necessary.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권10호
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• pp.1103-1108
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• 2009

목 적:만성질환자가 아닌 일반 학동기 아동을 대상으로 보완대체요법 이용실태를 파악하며 소아청소년과 의사로서 대처 방향을 모색하고자 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법:3개 초등학교 1학년부터 6학년 1,688명의 학부모를 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였다. 그중 설문지가 회수된 794명(47%)을 분석하였다. 결 과:일반적인 학동기 아동에서 보완대체요법의 이용률은 278명(35%)이었고, 보완대체요법의 종류는 한약제 62.6%, 보조식품 31.3%, 비타민 30.2%, 선식 11.2%, 침술 11.2%, 체 냄, 수지침 순이었다. 보완대체요법의 이용률은 어머니의 학력이 대학 이상 일 때, 종교가 있을 때, 가정 월 총수입이 100만 원 이상일 때 의미 있게 높았으며 이용하게 된 동기는 질병예방목적이 가장 많았고, 주로 주변 사람이나 매체를 통해 이용하였다. 보완대체요법에 대한 만족하지 못하는 경우는 16%였고, 재사용 의향이 없는 경우는 20.5%였고, 환아가 건강할 때 주로 사용하는 경향을 보였다. 환아가 영양결핍, 아토피 피부염, 관절통증, 알레르기비염, 비만, 천식 때 주로 이용하는 경향을 보였다. 결 론:보완대체 의학의 사용이 아이의 건강상태와는 밀접하지 않으며 사용 경로 또한 주변 사람의 권유나 방송 매체 등을 통해 이루어지고, 병원치료와 병행 시 좋을 것이라는 막연한 기대감으로 사용되고 있는 경우가 많아 보완대체요법에 대한 부작용, 효과, 안전성에 대한 연구가 필요하며 만성질환 및 알레르기 질환의 경우 소아청소년과 의사로서 현대의학의 적극적인 치료 및 교육이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate nurses' perception of clinical nutrition services. A cross-sectional survey design was performed. The research was accomplished by using questionnaires developed for this study and administered from September 12 to December 31, 2013 to 343 nurses at 43 tertiary hospitals and 20 general hospitals. The percentage of nurses who recognized clinical nutrition certificate as issued from nation was 27.8%. The mean scores of perceived usefulness on clinical nutrition services was 4.23/5.00, whereas that of perceived implementation was 3.76/5.00. The mean scores of necessity of disease-specialized clinical dietitian at capital hospitals were significantly higher for obesity (P<0.01), cancer (P<0.05), and infant & childhood disease (P<0.01) than at local hospitals. The rates of nurses' experience in group education on cancer at capital hospitals (21.7%) was significantly higher than that at local hospitals (10.3%) (P<0.05). The mean scores of perceived importance of clinical nutrition services were 4.46/5.00 for 'group nutrition education', 4.46/5.00 for 'individual consultation', and 4.40/5.00 for 'nutrition management for enteral nutrition (EN) patients'. The most common reason why clinical nutrition services are important was 'improving malnutritional status'. To activate clinical nutrition services especially at local hospitals, clinical dietitians should give systematic assistance to patients and also institutional supports are needed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.23-43
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• 1999

A study on severity of cerebro-vascular accident patients in Korea was conduced in order to determine the risk factors affecting the severity of stroke patients. This study was performed by interviewing a total of 477 hospitalized and ambulatory patient of CVA in Seoul, Taejon, and Taegu and Pusan areas from April 1, 1998 through June 30, 1998. The results are as follows; 1. Two hundred and sixty seven $(56\%)$ at Four hundred and seventy seven subjects were manes, md two hundred and ten $(44\%)$ were females. $28.3\%$ of the subjects' ages were 50's and $27.3\%$ were 60's and $18.5\%$ were 70's. $22.6\%$ of the subjects' occupations were home makers, $17.8\%$ were farming. $66.4\%$ of the subjects spent their childhood in urban areas and $33.1\%$in rural areas. $41.7\%$ of the subjects became violin of CVA in Spring, $35.0\%$ in Winter. 2. On physical and mental conditions of the subjects at the occurrence of CVA, $28.7\%$ of the subjects were engaged in physical activities. $22.6\%$ were in a rest stale $19.5\%$ were in sleeping and $18.9\%$ were mentally shocked. $79.4\%$ of the male subjects and $14.8\%$ of female subjects smoked cigarettes. $82\%$ of male subjects drank coffee. $81.1\%$ of the subjects did not exercise regularly. $45.9\%$ of the subjects had the systolic blood pressures in the range of 160 to 199 mmHg and $5.6\%$ of the subjects had hypertension before the occurrence of stroke and $11.7\%$ had diabetes. 3. Of the types of strokes, cerebral hemorrhage was the highest $(49.1\%)$. cerebral infarction was the second $(41.1\%)$. Severe strokes were found in cerebral hemorrhage cases $(52.0\%)$ and cerebral infarction cases $(40.1\%).\;50.9\%$. of the male subjects were moderate cases, $50.9\%$ were severe cases. In females, moderate cases were $72.4\%$, severe cases $15.2\%$. $37.5\%$ of the subjects who had preceding diseases were severe cases, and $15.6\%$ of the subjects without preceding diseases were severe cases. $50.7\%$ of the subjects whose family members had strokes had severe strokes. $34\%$ of the subjects sleeping less than 6 hours a day, $42.4\%$ of the subjects with irregular eating habits, $33.3\%$ of the subjects who liked meat, and $42.3\%$ of the subjects who liked salty foods had severe strokes. $35.9\%$ of the subjects with hot temper, $27.6\%$ of the subjects with moderate temper and $14.5\%$ of subjects with mild temper were severe cases. 4. The correlation coefficient between obesity and blood pressure was 0.094.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7897-7907
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• 2014

Background: There is paucity of studies defining the prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors in Saudi Arabia despite the surging epidemic of obesity, change in dietary habits and sedentary lifestyle. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of NCDs risk factors among employees at King Faisal University in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia and to determine the possible correlates for clustering of NCDs risk factors among them. Materials and Methods: All employees were invited to participate; the World Health Organization STEPwise approach was used for data collection which consisted of a personal interview to collect socio-demographic characteristics, NCD history, tobacco use, vegetables and fruit consumption, and physical activity (PA), followed by anthropometric measurements namely weight, height and waist circumference and blood pressure measurements, subjects were finally subjected to biochemical tests with determination of fasting plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, cholesterol and high density lipoproteins. Results: Of the surveyed employees (n=691), daily current smokers accounted for 22.7%. 94.9%, 95.1% and 86% consumed < 5 servings per day of vegetables, fruits and both fruits and vegetables respectively, 73% were physically inactive, 64% were overweight or obese, 22.1% had hypertension, and 21.5% were diabetics. Elevated cholesterol levels were found in 36.6%, low high density lipoproteins in 36.8%, and elevated triglycerides in 36.1%. Only 3% had no NCD risk factors, and 57.6% had ${\geq}3$ factors. Multivariate logistic regression showed that gender (being male, adjusted odds ratio 'aOR'=1.51), aged ${\geq}50$ years (aOR=3.06), < college education (aOR=1.75), current smokers (aOR=2.37), being obese (aOR=6.96) and having a low PA level (aOR=4.59) were the significant positive predictors for clustering of NCD risk factors. Conclusions: Over fifty percent of the studied university's employees had multiple (${\geq}3$) NCD risk factors. Screening and health promotion initiatives should be launched at least targeting the modifiable factors to avert the excessive risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and several types of cancers.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.600-613
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to provide Torso pattern for Korean middle-aged women using 3D human body scan data. 155 women in their 40's or 50's were measured by Martin's anthropometry. Merging the data of 914 middle aged women provided by Korean agency for technology and standards, total of 1,069 subjects' data were analyzed. For data analysis, ANOVA, factor analysis and cluster analysis were done using SPSS PC+. And representative subject of each cluster was selected and they participated in 3D scanning and Torso pattern suggested for middle-aged women Torso pattern which investing the amount of ease according to each group for diffuse front interscye 30%, armscye circumference 30%, back interscye 40% using 3D human body scan data. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, as a result of the factor analysis, the first factor was 'obesity index of body', The second factor was 'verticality size of body', The third factor was 'verticality length of upper bodice', The fourth factor was 'drop value to represent silhouette', and the fifth factor was 'physique of upper bodice'. And, middle-aged women type were classified 3 types according to the cluster analysis. Type 1(Y-type) was the long upper Torso with wide shoulder. Type 2(H-type) was flat-body type with comparatively thin upper bodice and thin lower bodice. And type 3(A-type) was the obese type with comparatively thin upper bodice and fat lower bodice. Secondly, using CAD program, point filtering was performed and approximated surface model was made. It used that generated surface smoothing corrected for abnormally extruded points and scattered points based on the curvature information. And 3D surfaces were flatted onto the plane by the internal tools of CAD program. Difference ratios of outline length and area between 3D curves and 2D plane were 0.42% and 0.54%, respectively. Third, wearing test by the sensory evaluation showed that distinct difference almost every category. The movement functionality test shows that, in all the tests which reveal significant differences, especially, 'comparison pattern A' experienced inconvenience to neck width and neck depth.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.841-848
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• 2013

Background: The incidence of various types of cancers including the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has increased during the recent years. Diet and lifestyle factors have been reported to play an important role in the etiology of NHL. However, no such data are available from the Middle Eastern countries, including Oman. Materials and Methods: Forty-three histologically confirmed cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) diagnosed at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) and the Royal Hospital (RH), Muscat, Oman and forty-three age and gender matched controls were the subjects of this study. Frequency matching was used to select the control population. Information on social and demographic data as well as the dietary intake was collected by personal interviews, using a 117-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: A non-significant increased risk of NHL was observed with higher body mass index (BMI) (OR=1.20, 95%CI: 0.45, 2.93), whereas a significantly decreased risk of NHL was associated with a higher educational level (OR=0.12, 95%CI: 0.03, 0.53). A significantly increased risk was observed for higher intake of energy (OR=2.67, 95%CI: 0.94, 7.57), protein (OR=1.49, 95%CI: 0.54, 4.10) and carbohydrates (OR=5.32, 95%CI: 1.78, 15.86). Higher consumption of daily servings from cereals (OR=3.25, 95%CI: 0.87, 12.09) and meat groups (OR=1.55, 95%CI: 0.58, 4.15) were also found to be associated with risk of NHL, whereas a significantly reduced risk was associated with higher consumption of vegetables (OR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.07, 0.82). The consumption of fruits, milk and dairy products however showed no significant association with the risk of developing NHL. Conclusion: The results suggest that obesity, high caloric intake, higher consumption of carbohydrate and protein are associated with increased risk of NHL, whereas a significantly reduced risk was observed with higher intake of vegetables.