• International Journal of Contents
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.14-20
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of obesity with medical care use and costs according to overall diseases, cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). The final sample was a group of persons who were free of diseases mentioned above and were not underweight. Their baseline screening program data and health insurance contribution data were connected with a 7-year medical claim database. The participants were classified according to their baseline BMI into normal, overweight, obese, and severely obese groups. Given the disease type, the total costs of DM showed the largest difference in each obesity group in both males and females. Also, the pharmacy costs for DM were more relevant than any other type of service to the obesity level. Considering the high prevalence of obesity and the relevantly increased medical care use and costs, there is a need for reduction in medical costs through obesity prevention efforts.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.9
• /
• pp.351-360
• /
• 2021

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of young adults obesity, morbid obesity and severe obesity and to identify associated factors. Data for 50,095 participants aged 20-39 from Community Health Survey 2019. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used for the analysis. Prevalence for young adults obesity, morbid obesity and severe obesity were 23.60%, 5.86% and 1.31%. Aged of 20's, male, low income, low educational level and marital status were found to be associated with all stages of obesity. Current smoking, high risk drinking, physical activity, health promotion practices, subjective health, EQ-5D, stress, depressive symptoms and comorbidities increased the prevalence of obesity in young adults. Health check-up, subjective health, EQ-5D, stress, depressive symptoms and comorbidities increased the prevalence of severe obesity in young adults. Based on the results, it is necessary to develop and provide focused intervention consisting of characteristics of young adults and stages of obesity.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1141-1154
• /
• 2009

As a preliminary research of body characteristics analysis of Korean obese woman, this study aims to select optimal obesity judgment tools for reliable sampling of obese subjects from 2,425 female measurement data out of 2004 Size Korea project's raw data. From previous researches related to obesity, 7 obesity judgment tools were chosen. 2007 obesity rate(26.3%) of Korean female adults was refered in selecting optimal obesity judgment criteria in the study. The results are as follows. Firstly, it was verified that BMI was the most suitable in judging and sampling the obese subjects by the percentile analysis. R$\ddot{o}$hrer index was also reliable in grouping the obese subjects from a population. Secondly, it was concluded that the obesity ratios of relative weight 120 and higher group, R$\ddot{o}$hrer index 1.6 and higher group and waist girth 80cm and higher group were the most similar to obesity rate of Korean female adults by 2007 National Health & Nutrition Survey. Thirdly, 30 direct measurements, age, 2 drop values and 6 ratios of 7 groups by the obesity judgment tools showed the significance each other at p<0.001 level. On the other hand, "bust point to bust point" and "waist to hip length" measurements didn't show the significant differences among 7 groups. Conclusively, 4 to 5 satisfactions out of 7 obesity judgment criteria were adequate and sufficient in sampling the obese subjects. If it is needed the strict criteria for judging the obesity, 5 satisfactions and higher group will be the best choice as the obese subjects. However 4 satisfactions and higher group generally, will be adequate for sampling of the obese subjects.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.8
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between obesity and periodontal diseases in Korea adults. The date from the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were used, and 4,827 subjects over 19 years were included in the analysis. Periodontal disease was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index. Obesity was measured according to body mass index. Odd ratios (ORs) were estimated using binary logistic regression analysis model. The stratification variables were smoking and diabetes, and also adjusted for sex, age, and education level. The adjusting variables included sex, age, and education level. The ORs of obesity for periodontal disease were 0.78 (95% CI = 0.51-1.22) for the category of <18.5 of BMI and 1.29 (95% CI = 1.11-1.49) for the ${\geq}25$ BMI category (both compared to the 18.5 to 24.9 category). In a subgroup analysis, the OR of BMI among those who were both non-smoking and no diabetes was 1.20 (95% CI = 1.02-1.48) for those with BMI levels ${\geq}25$. This study implies that obesity intolerance may be an independent risk factor for periodontal diseases. Obesity should also be considered when managing periodontal disease to improve oral health.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.20-28
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate anti-obesity effect of Scutellariae Radix extract combined with metformin. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice, 4 weeks of age, were used to set high-fat diet induced obesity model. They were grouped NOR (normal control), HFD (high fat diet control), MET (metformin, 100 mg/kg/day), MH2 (metformin 50 mg/kg/day+Scutellariae Radix 200 mg/kg/day), and HG4 (Scutellariae Radix 400 mg/kg/day). MET, MH2, and HG4 were orally administered for 10 weeks. Body weight was measured every week. Fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were measured before sacrifice. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed. Organ weight and internal fat weight were measured after sacrifice. Results: MH2 group showed a reduction of body weight when compared with HFD group. MH2 group showed stable blood level control which was calculated areas under the curves by OGTT. TC, GOT, GPT level, internal fat, and organ weight in MH2 group reduced. Conclusions: The combined treatment of Scutellariae Radix and Metformin has impact on treating obesity. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of Metformin and herbal medicine combination therapy.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.173-188
• /
• 2024

Objectives: The study aim was to analyze the regional differences in dietary protein intake and protein sources of Korean older adults and their association with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Study participants were 1,721 older adults aged 65 and over who participated in 2016-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Using 24-hour recall dietary intake data, protein intake and their food sources were examined. The association between protein intake and metabolic syndrome, obesity, and abdominal obesity were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results: Total protein and animal protein intakes were higher in urban area (60.0 g, 24.4 g, respectively) than in rural area (54.6 g, 19.6 g, respectively). With increase of protein intake level, animal to total protein proportion was increased in both areas. Total protein and plant protein intake was negatively associated with the risk of obesity, abdominal obesity in both areas. Animal protein intake was negatively associated with the risk of obesity in both areas, and with abdominal obesity only in urban area. In urban area, plant protein intake was also negatively associated with the risks of metabolic syndrome, elevated triglyceride, and reduced high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In urban area, the risk of metabolic syndrome was decreased when their protein intake was more than 0.91 g/kg and was lowest when their protein intake was more than 1.5 g/kg (P for trend < 0.001). Conclusions: Korean older adults showed inadequate protein intake and those in rural area showed lower animal protein intake than in urban area. The risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome was decreased with the increase of protein intake level. These findings may help develop effective nutrition support strategy for older adults to reduce regional health disparity.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2006

Purpose: With remarkable increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increased, The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of the increase liver enzymes, lipid levels and fasting blood glucose level in normal and obese children. Methods: A total of 2206 elementary students were grouped according to obesity index; normal group and obesity group(mild, moderate, severe). Aspartate aminotransferase(AST, SGOT) and alanine aminotrausferase(ALT, SGPT) were measured with tota1 cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose. Results: Compared with the 2.7% of ALT > 50 IU/L in normal group, obese groups showed significantly higher prevalence; 6.7% in mild obesity group, 11.8% in moderate group and 15.0% in severe group. The prevalence of hypertriglyceremia was 12,4% in normal weight group, which is significantly lower than obesity group(mild obesity group 24.8%, moderate and severe 32.1% each). Conclusion: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver increased along with severity of obesity. Of Nutritional assessment, intervention, and preferably prevention are necessary for health promotion elementary students.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2017

Many obesity patients were affected by depressed liver function including hepatosteatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of the obesity therapy with Korean herbal medicine (KHM) on obese patient with abnormal liver function. This is a retrospective observational study performed on obesity patients with abnormal liver function. All subjects have taken serum liver function tests (LFTs) before treatment. Ten patients showed abnormal LFTs. They were treated with KHM at least 15 days. During this treatment, LFTs were evaluated afterwards. Body weight and body mass index of the patients were decreased during treatments. Five of 10 subjects recovered normal levels of LFTs. While other subjects remained at abnormal level but their levels were decreased. This study shows that the obesity therapy including KHM could be effective to improve liver function on obese patient. Additional large scale studies are necessary for more evidences.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.57 no.1
• /
• pp.88-104
• /
• 2024

Purpose: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is primarily synthesized in the liver upon stimulation of infectious disease cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), and is used as a biological marker of systemic inflammation. Previous studies reported that hs-CRP is closely related to diet and abdominal obesity. Furthermore, a dietary score favoring the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains over meat and saturated fat reduced inflammation and decreased the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity. Nevertheless, no studies have examined whether hs-CRP mediates the relationship between dietary scores and abdominal obesity, and research on the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) is lacking. Therefore, the present study examined the association between the KHEI and abdominal obesity and the mediating effect of hs-CRP. Methods: In total, 17,770 adults aged ≥19 years were included in the study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2018. KHEI was developed to assess the overall diet quality of Korean adults. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between KHEI, hs-CRP, and abdominal obesity. The mediation analysis with the bootstrapping method was performed using SAS MACRO. Results: Among women, the odds ratio (OR) of abdominal obesity prevalence was lower in the highest KHEI compared to the lowest KHEI after adjusting for age, body mass index, educational level, income level, occupational status, marital status, household type, region type, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical activity, total energy intake, and hsCRP (OR 0.744, 95% confidence interval 0.598-0.926). The association between KHEI and abdominal obesity was partially mediated via hs-CRP, and the mediated proportion was 68.7% in men and 38.1% in women. Conclusion: A substantial relationship was observed between the KHEI and abdominal obesity among females. Moreover, according to the KHEI, abdominal obesity may be mediated partially by hs-CRP.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.179-190
• /
• 2004

Objective : As today obese children have increased rapidly in Korea, the interest has been much increased. The childhood obesity causes not only physical problems but also psychosocial problems and it is more difficult than that of adult to treat. That's why we started to intervene actively. Methods : In the Oriental Medical Center, several children were treated for obesity with aroma massage, low frequency wave acupuncture therapy. auricular acupuncture therapy and behavior modification and 3 children over the middle level are mentioned in this study with good results. Results : 1) After treatments, they became taller$(1.1667{\pm}0.8505cm)$. 2) After treatments, they lost their weights$(1.6333{\pm}0.7768kg)$. 3) After treatments, their BMI and OI were reduced$(1.4667{\pm}0.5774kg/m^2,\;9.8{\pm}1.7776%)$. Conclusion : We report the good results of oriental medicine on three cases of obese children over the middle level. And the further study is needed with more cases, longer duration and other tools.