• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to assess improvements in nutritional status following the application of nutrition education to elderly patients in a long-term care hospital. The study was carried out from January to May 2009, during which a preliminary survey, a pretest, the application of nutrition education, and a post-test were applied in stages. The number of subjects at pretest was 81, and the number of participants included in the final analysis was 61 (18 men, 43 women), all of whom participated in both the nutrition education program and the post-test. The survey consisted of general demographic items, health behaviors, dietary behaviors, the Nutrition Screening Initiative checklist, and nutrient intake assessment (24 hour recall method). The nutrition education program lasted for four weeks. It included a basic education program, provided once a week, and mini-education program, which was offered daily during lunch times. The survey was conducted before and after the education program using the same assessment method, although some items were included only at pretest. When analyzing the changes in elderly patients after the nutritional education program, we found that, among subjective dietary behaviors, self-rated perceptions of health (P<0.001) and of depression (P<0.001) improved significantly and that dietary behavior scores also improved significantly (P<0.001), while nutritional risk levels decreased. In terms of nutrient intake, subjects' intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C all increased significantly (P<0.001). These results indicated that nutritional education is effective in improving the nutritional status of elderly patients. We hope that the results of this study can be used as preliminary data for establishing guidelines for nutrition management tailored to elderly patients in long-term care hospitals.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.12-22
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 일 지역 저소득층 여성노인을 연령별(전기노인, 후기노인)로 구분하여 노인 건강상태의 중요한 결정자인 영양위험, 지각된 건강상태, 우울정도와 영양위험, 지각된 건강상태, 우울과의 관련성 및 우울의 영향요인을 확인하여 연령별 특성을 고려한 간호중재 전략수립의 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 자료 수집기간은 2011년 6월 23일부터 8월 20일까지였으며, 연구대상자는 전라남도 1개중도시에 거주하고 있는 65세 이상 저소득층 여성노인으로서 전기여성노인 314명, 후기여성노인 310명 총 624명을 대상으로 하였다. 직접 여성노인의 가정을 방문하여 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였다. 영양위험도는 Kim(2000)의 17문항 Mini Nutritional Assesment (MNA)척도를, 지각된 건강상태는 Lawton, Moss, Fulcomer와 Kleban(1982)의 3문항 Health self-rating 척도를, 우울은 Sheikh와 Yesavage(1985)의 15문항 단축형 노인우울 척도를 사용하였다. 대상자의 평균 연령은 전기여성노인 70.06세, 후기여성노인 79.85세였으며, 두 집단 간 일반적 특성에 따른 유의한 빈도차이를 보인 항목은 교육수준, 동거가족 수, 만성 질환수, 음주여부였다. 저소득층 전기여성노인과 후기여성노인은 영양위험도, 지각된 건강상태와 우울에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 후기여성노인이 전기여성노인보다 영양 위험도와 우울점수가 높았고, 지각된 건강상태는 전기여성노인이 후기여성노인보다 더 높았다. 여성노인의 영양위험, 지각된 건강상태, 우울은 전기여성노인과 후기여성노인 모두에서 우울위험군에 속한 여성노인이 정상 군에 속한 여성노인 보다 영양위험 군에 속하는 비율이 높았다. 영양위험도가 높을수록 우울정도가 높았으며, 건강상태를 나쁘게 지각할수록 영양위험 점수와 우울정도가 높았다. 전기여성노인과 후기여성노인의 우울 영향요인은 지각된 건강상태, 영양위험도, 동거가족 수였다. 그 중 지각된 건강상태가 가장 높은 설명력을 가졌으며, 전기여성노인에서 후기 여성노인보다 더 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 저소득층 여성노인들의 우울은 지각된 건강상태를 증진시키고 영양위험도를 낮춤으로서 효과적으로 경감될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 저소득층 여성노인들을 연령별 두 그룹으로 분류했을 때 영양위험도, 지각된 건강 상태, 우울정도와 우울 영향요인이 다르게 나타났으므로 노인건강 관리자는 저소득층 여성노인의 우울 영향요인들을 우울예방 프로그램에 포함시킬 때 연령별 영향요인을 고려하여 효과적인 우울예방 및 치료에 적극 이용할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.505-516
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The association between nutritional status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not fully understood. This study was conducted to understand the role of nutritional status on HRQoL among people with and without T2DM. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Structured survey and direct measurement of anthropometric data were conducted among people with and without T2DM. Nutritional status was measured with Mini Nutritional Assessment tool and HRQoL was measured with a 36-item Short Form Healthy Survey. Data collection was conducted in Chuncheon, South Korea with 756 participants who are older than 40 yrs of age. RESULTS: This study found that overall HRQoL were significantly lower in people with T2DM than people without T2DM after controlling for key covariates. When stratified by nutritional status, a greater degree of negative impact of T2DM on overall physical HRQoL was observed among well-nourished or at risk of malnutrition, whereas significant and more evident negative impact of diabetes on overall psychological HRQoL was observed only among malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The study results suggest the role of nutritional status among people with T2DM on overall, especially psychological aspects of HRQoL. Future longitudinal or intervention studies are warranted to test the impact of nutritional status on HRQoL among people with T2DM.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.92-102
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate nutritional status, and the effects of lifestyles and depression on nutritional status of elderly people (NSE). Method: The participants were 280 elders who visited the Y city Senior Welfare Center between August 2006 and October 2006. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, lifestyle checklist, depression scale, and nutritional risk index. Also, Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight. T-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearson coefficients correlation and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze the data using the SPSS Win 12.0 program. Results: The NSE mean score was mid level at 5.03 BMI was 23.42 which indicates overweight. Depression was the factor that influenced the nutritional risk index most strongly, accounting for 17.3% of the total variance in the NSE. A combination of significance of health, concerns about health, housing, condition of teeth, activity, and smoking pattern accounted for 29.8% of the variance in the NSE. Condition of teeth accounted for only 3.8% of the variance in BMI. Conclusion: It is necessary to be aware that variance in the NSE can be affected by several factors including depression and lifestyle and that depression is strongly related to poorer NSE.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.695-705
• /
• 2004

The risks of the metabolic syndrome (MS) is known to be related to the dietary behavior. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between the relative risks of MS and the dietary habit and to provide the ideal dietary habits for prevention of chronic disease of the middle-aged. Healthy subjects aged 40-64 years (male n=122, female n=173) were recruited throughout Seoul area. MS was defined according to NCEP-ATP III criteria except central obesity, and Asia-Pacific Area criteria for central obesity (2000) was adapted. Subjects were stratified into 3 groups according to the number of total risk factors:'MS group' was defined as the subjects who have three or more risk factors, 'Risk group' was defined as ones to have one or two risk factors, and 'Healthy group' defined as ones with no risk factor. In this study, 'Health group' comprised of $40.7\%$, the percentage of 'Risk group' was $49.0\%$, and the 'MS group' was $9.5\%$ of the total subjects. The MS incidence was associated with low education (p<0.001), low economic status (p<0.05), and low self-assessed health recognition (p<0.05). The risk of MS increased with adverse life styles such as cigarette smoking (p<0.05), irregular meal time (p<0.05), skipping lunch (p<0.05), low interests in balanced diet (p<0.05), and higher salt intake (p<0.01). Healthy group self-evaluated nutritional knowledge more highly (p<0.05) and scored higher nutritional knowledge (p<0.001). However, there was no difference in overall nutritional behavior among the three groups, which implies that nutritional education method should be developed for the subjects to practice their teaming efficiently.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.199-217
• /
• 2023

People with higher genetic predisposition to obesity are more susceptible to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and healthy plant-based foods may be associated with reduced risks of obesity and other metabolic markers. We investigated whether healthy plant-foods-rich dietary patterns might have inverse associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in participants at genetically elevated risk of obesity. For this cross-sectional study, 377 obese and overweight women were chosen from health centers in Tehran, Iran. We calculated a healthy plant-based diet index (h-PDI) in which healthy plant foods received positive scores, and unhealthy plant and animal foods received reversed scores. A genetic risk score (GRS) was developed based on 3 polymorphisms. The interaction between GRS and h-PDI on cardiometabolic traits was analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM). We found significant interactions between GRS and h-PDI on body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.02), body fat mass (p = 0.04), and waist circumference (p = 0.056). There were significant gene-diet interactions for healthful plant-derived diets and BMI-GRS on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.03), aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.04), alanine transaminase (p = 0.05), insulin (p = 0.04), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (p = 0.002). Adherence to h-PDI was more strongly related to decreased levels of the aforementioned markers among participants in the second or top tertile of GRS than those with low GRS. These results highlight that following a plant-based dietary pattern considering genetics appears to be a protective factor against the risks of cardiometabolic abnormalities.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.708-716
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of low-income urban elders by diversified ways, and to analyze the risk factors for malnutrition. Methods: The participants in this study were 183 low-income elders registered at a visiting healthcare facility in a public health center. Data were collected using anthropometric measurements, and a questionnaire survey. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, Fisher's exact test, multiple logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0. Results: Regarding the nutritional status of low-income elders as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), 10.4% of the elders were classified as malnourished; 57.4% as at high risk for malnutrition; and 32.2% as having normal nutrition levels. The main factors affecting malnutrition for low-income elders were loss of appetite (OR=3.34, 95% CI: 1.16~9.56) and difficulties in meal preparation (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.13~4.88). Conclusion: In order to effectively improve nutrition in low-income urban elders, it is necessary to develop individual intervention strategies to manage factors that increase the risk of malnutrition and to use systematic approach strategies in local communities in terms of a nutrition support system.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제8권7호
• /
• pp.207-218
• /
• 2017

본 논문은 여성 독거노인의 통증, 영양위험, 외로움, 지각된 건강상태가 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향요인을 알아보고자 하는 서술적 조사연구이다. 대상자는 D광역시 D구, Y구에 거주하는 65세 이상의 여성 독거노인 110명의 설문지를 통해 자료를 수집하였고 SPSS/WIN 18.0 program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 건강관련 삶의 질과의 통증(r=-.565, P<.001), 영양위험(r=-.485, P<.001), 외로움(r=-.546, P<.001)과의 관계는 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 보통의 역 상관관계를 보였고, 지각된 건강상태(r=.706, P<.001)와의 관계는 높은 순 상관관계를 나타냈다. 건강관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인은 지각된 건강상태, 외로움, 통증, 주거형태, 질병 수 순으로, 전체 설명력은 69.4%로 나타났다. 따라서, 여성 독거노인의 건강관련 삶의 질을 높이기 위해 건강상태 향상을 위한 교육과 건강행동의 실천을 유도하며 사회적 관계망을 맺어 정서적 지지를 높이고 보호체계를 다각적으로 투입해야 한다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.475-483
• /
• 2000

The develop a simple screening test for identifying Korean elderly at risk of undernutrition, the data of the health-related habits, dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes of the elderly in Chongju were analyzed. Two risk indicators, mean adequacy ratio (MAR) and the respondents perceived health, were used to detect the undernutrition risk of the elderly. In order to select a list of questions for the test, factors a affecting nutritional status and items investigated in previous nutrition surveys of the elderly were considered, and 21 questions were primarily selected. A multiple regression and stepwise regression analysis were used to take out the weak predictors of poor nutrient intake, and to give item weights to the strong predictors, and a list of 17 questions was finally adopted. To determine the cut-point of the test score, sensitivity, and positive predictive values were calculated. The Simple Screening Test developed in this study is a brief, easily scored tool to predict poor nutrient intake and the perceived health status of the elderly. The test may provide a basis of further comprehensive nutritional assessment or intervention planning, if necessary, for those who are diagnosed ad "high risk". The test, however, needs to be independently validated by other groups of individuals.dividuals.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.340-353
• /
• 2009

It is very important to screen the elderly for nutritional risk, because nutritional status is a critical factor to maintain their health. Some nutrition checklists used in Korea for the elderly are from other countries. Reliability of those checklist in Korea is not studied enough. This survey was done for the elderly over 65-years-old who live in Hong-cheon, An-dong, Dam-yang and Yeon-gi in Korea (subject; summer: 146, winter: 145) to study the reliability of DETERMINE checklist which is adopted widely in Korea. Using the score of DETERMINE checklist, the elderly were divided as high, middle and low risk groups. For nutritional assessment for those elderly, dietary assessment using 24 recall, anthropometry, biochemical assessment and health condition were used. Results for the checklist showed that percentage below EAR for energy intake and protein intake in winter were higher in the high risk group than other groups. The intakes of phosphorus and iron and most vitamins were below the DRI. The percentage of subjects with intake below DRI was highest in the high risk group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values using the DETERMINE were calculated using 6 point as a cut-off point. Subjects were divided into two groups by MAR (MAR < 0.75:undernutrition, MAR < 0.75 : normal). Sensitivity recorded 49.4% and 34.3%, specificity did 61.9% and 65.4 and Positive predictive value did 62.1% and 46.0% each for summer and winter. Results of screening using DETERMINE Checklist were not matched with dietary assessment but not with anthropometric and biochemical measurement. In conclusion DETERMINE 'Checklist' is shown be a good screening tool for finding out risk groups for dietary intake in the elderly, It needs to verify reliability and validity through large-scale survey.