• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was performed to compare the dietary life of single- and non single-person households in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: A nationally representative sample of 20,421 19-64-year-olds who had 24-hour recall data was taken from the 2014-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Single- and non single-persons were compared for nutrient intake, dietary behaviors, food consumption patterns, nutrition education and confirm nutrition label. Results: The dietary intakes of dietary fiber and iron were lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. The lower the level of education and income, the lower the nutrient intake of single-person households. In the case of those aged 19 to 29, the breakfast skipping rate was higher in single-person households than in non single-person households. The higher the education level, the higher the breakfast skipping rate and the eating out frequency in the single-person households. In the food intake survey, the frequency of healthy food intake in single-person households was much lower than that of non single-person households. The confirmation rate of nutrition labeling was lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. Conclusions: This study shows that single-person households have poorer health-nutritional behaviors than multi-person households. Therefore, a nutrition education program based on the data of this study needs to be developed for health promotion of single-person households.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.240-250
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• 1983

This survey was carried out to obtain an information for the improvement of nutrition and the enlightment of dietary life in a near by area of DMZ during the later part of July, 1981. A total of 50 households were selected from Tonghyun-ri, Yunchun-eup, Yunchun, Gyunggi province. As a results of survey, the average intake of vegetable food was as high as 98% and that of the protein intake of good quality was not sufficient. Generally energy and nutrition intake were higher than the recommended dietary allowances and national nutrition survey data of Korean. There were no remarkable clinical symptoms related with nutritional deficiency on the entire target, but were some clinical symptoms related with vitamin deficiency on the children. The housewives lived at target area have a tendency to like the food which they are sued to eat daily and that food was mostly self-supplyed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.183-185
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• 1969

Following the previous report (Part I: For Sea-divers and Hwa-Jeon-Min) authers have conducted another nutrition survey for Buddhists (male and female) in a temple 'Soo Duk Sa' locating in ChungNam province. The following results were obtained: 1. Cereals, green vegetables and potatoes were staple foods for the Buddhists (male and female) and no any animal foods were eaten by them during the survey period. 2. Carbohydrate intake was very high and the calorie derived from it occupied approximately 80% of tatal calorie intaken. 3. All the nutrients except carotene, niacin and iron are low in their amounts of intake. Especially, protein and riboflavin intakes are low. 4. Buddhists are prohibited to eat animal foods. Therefore, nutrition education and guidance are needed for them to supplement the protein and some other problems.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.60-76
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a systematic and standardized "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" that can identify the current status of school meals on the nationwide level. Methods: This study was carried out in six steps of the analysis of report/investigation data related to school foodservice in metropolitan and provincial offices of education, analysis of preceding research related to the actual status of school foodservice, field verification of the actual condition of the school foodservice site, development of a draft of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program", pilot study of a draft of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program", and suggestions of a final model of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" from August to December, 2017. Statistical analysis was performed for frequency analysis and descriptive analysis using the SPSS program ver. 23. Results: A draft of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" was developed by analyzing the current status of report/research data on school meals in metropolitan and provincial offices of education, analyzing the preceding research on school meals, and identifying the actual conditions at school foodservice sites. To verify the validity of the school foodservice survey questionnaire, 1,031 schools were sampled from a total of 10,251 schools and the pilot test of '2017 School Foodservice Survey' was conducted. The final model of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" consisted of 12 survey sections, 29 survey categories, and 433 survey items, and the survey cycle was set for one year and three years for each survey item. Conclusions: Based on the objective statistical data through "The Survey on School Foodservice Program", it is possible to develop the school foodservice policy, which will help establish the reliability of the school meals.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.502-508
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• 1992

국민영양조사가 실시된 1969년부터 최근 조사보고서가 나온 1989년까지의 대상지역, 규모, 조사내용 등을 중심으로 한 조사방법면에서의 연도별 변화 차이를 비교 고찰해보았다. 국민영양조사의 주관부서는 보사부내에서 조직이 바뀜에 따라 방역국 보건과, 의정국 지방의정과, 보건국 식품위생과를 거쳐 모자보건관리관실에서 담당하다가 1981년부터는 보건국 보건교육과에서 담당하고 있다. 조사내용은 식품 섭취조사, 식생활조사, 건강조사로 나누어 실시하고 있으며 이중 건강조사항목이 많이 바뀌어 오히려 줄어들었고, 표본추출방법은 2회의 개편을 거쳐 1987년 이후로는 확률비례추출법으로 실시되고 있다. 조사지구수와 가구수의 연도별 변화는 초창기 1974년까지는 지구수와 가구수가 적었으며, 1988년부터는 2,000세대를 조사하고 있다. 인원수는 역시 초창기 74년까지와 그 이후 74, 83, 88년으로 가면서 변화하였으며, 88년부터는 8,000명 정도가 된다. 조사시기는 여름과 가을이 대부분이나 78년 이전은 주로 여름에, 그 이후는 가을에 조사하고 있다. 이상의 결과 내용으로 보면 영양조사는 시기별로 변해왔으며, 그 결과의 비교분석시 세심한 주의가 요구된다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2018

Objectives: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a national surveillance system that has been assessing the health and nutritional status of Koreans since 1998. Based on the National Health Promotion Act, the surveys have been conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Methods: An oral examination as part of The National Health and Nutrition Examination was proposed to calculate the sample design and survey participation. The surveying system was presented by classifying the measurement environment, screening, and survey items by year, and the merits and limitations of using the data were suggested by examining the status of survey quality management and the process of disclosing raw data. Results: This nationally representative cross-sectional survey samples approximately 10,000 individuals each year and collects information on oral examinations and oral health interviews. Data for the oral health component of KNHANES was obtained to assess the oral health status of Koreans and determine the prevalence of dental caries and periodontitis. The oral health data quality control of KNHANES was composed of three parts: "Education Program" and "Field Training Program" for quality control of oral health examiners (dentists) by the professional academy, and "Data management" by the KCDC. After completion of the three-step data check, the indicators of dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral health behavior were published in the National Health Statistics. Conclusions: To achieve the goals of oral health indicators, we will continue to monitor so that we can use it as basic data for oral policies and carry out various linkage analyses related to oral diseases.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 1995

The Purpose of this study is to survey nutrition education for day-care teachers and children. For this study, 453 day-care teachers were asked questionnaire and responses were analyzed. Textbooks of the teachers were also analyzed and nutrition survey at four different places of day care were carried out. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The majority of the day-care teachers were interested in the nutrition and nutrition education, but only 23.2% of the teachers had experience of nutrition education. 2. As to the nutrition knowledge(high, middle, and low), 58.1% of the teachers responded to the middle level. 3. About 81% of the text materials for the pre-teachers contain subject of the health and nutrition management for the children, however, the contents of nutrition management were limited to 7 pages(0.6% of the volume). For the text materials of the re-education, only 9.1% contains the subject, and the contents of nutrition management were limited to 3% of the volume. 4. The percentage of employing dietitians in the day-care is 12.4%, and menu is prepared mostly by the director of the day care. 5. In the nutrition survey, nutrient intake was mostly unsatisfied.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study were to examine the degree of job duty importance and difficulty of nutrition teachers in elementary school and then to make their future duties and roles clearly. Methods : The duties of nutrition teachers were classified into four fields such as foodservice management, nutrition education, nutrition counseling and educational experience of Korean agricultural products, and then each field were divided into job duties and job tasks. The subjects was 139 dietitians at elementary schools in Dague and Kyungpook Province who appraised the degree of importance and difficulty of the above four job duties with the Likert 5-point scale through a questionnaire survey. Results : From the results of the survey, it was found that every dietitian had highly assessed the importance of the four job duties of nutrition teachers. In a survey of the degree of job duty importance and difficulty on the dietitians, subjects recognized the following such as haccp management in the field of foodservice management is of the most importance(4.30), and the personal management has the most difficulty (3.80). In the field of nutrition education, the work of establishment nutrition education plan is of the most importance(4.33), and the developing of nutrition education materials and programsn are the most difficulty (4.13). In the field of nutrition counselling, students of that than parents and teachers counselling is of the most importance (4.15) and the most difficulty (4.08). Finally, in the field of our agricultural products experience education, which of he work is the most importance(4.07), and difficulty (4.02). Conclusion : Therefore, it is judged that nutrition teachers in the future should not only have a foodservice management, as their main job duty, but also aid in constructing life-long health management system for students and teachers by conducting a nutrition education and counseling, and also exert their energies in the job duties of menu development and experience education utilizing our agricultural products.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.667-678
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to improve portion size estimation aids (PSEAs) used in the nutrition survey of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and validate the accuracy and precision of the newly developed aids. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted intensive interviews with survey experts in KNHANES and consulted with experts to collect opinions about improvement of PSEAs. Based on the results of the interviews, 5 types of PSEAs (rice bowl, earthen pots, mounds, measuring spoons, and thickness sticks) were newly developed using 3-dimensional (3D) modeling or modification of color or shape. Validation tests were conducted with 96 adults 20 years old or older. For the rice bowl and earthen pots, the participants were asked to select the more similar PSEA in size after being shown the real dishes. For the mounds, measuring spoons, and thickness sticks, the participants were presented with actual plates of food and asked to estimate the given portion sizes using the given PSEAs. RESULTS: The improved 2-dimensional (2D) picture aid for the rice bowl reflecting the size distortion by angle of view using 3D modeling was perceived more closely to the actual size than the current 2D picture (P < 0.001). The change of the color of 2D pictures and 3D models, the change of shape of the measuring spoons, and the 3-dimensionalization of the 2D mounds had no significant improvement in the subjects' perception. CONCLUSIONS: The currently used 2D PSEAs need to be fully redesigned using 3D modeling to improve subjects' perception. However, change of color or shape will not be necessary. For amorphous foods, it is suggested that more evaluation be performed before reaching a final conclusion in the use of PSEAs, or alternative ways to improve accuracy of estimation need to be explored.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop a dietary fiber composition table (DFCT) and to assess dietary fiber intakes in Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: The DFCT was developed by compiling the food composition tables published by the agencies of Korea, United States, or Japan. When there was no available data from the same species or status (dried, boiled, etc.) of food, the values were imputed by estimating from the same species with different status or substituting familiar species in biosystematic grouping. Using KNHANES VI-2 (2014) microdata and DFCT, intake of dietary fiber of Koreans was estimated. Results: Among the 5,126 food items of DFCT, the proportion of items of which dietary fiber contents were taken from the analytical values of the same foods was 40.9%. The data from the domestic food composition tables was 37.5%, and the data from the foreign tables was 49.6%. The rest was assumed as zero, or estimated with recipe database and nutrition labeling. Mean daily intake of dietary fiber was 23.2 g, and mean intake per 1,000 kcal was 10.7 g in men and 12.6 g in women. The mean percentage of dietary fiber intake compared to adequate intake was higher than 100%. The major food groups contributing to dietary fiber intakes were vegetables and cereals, and the percent contribution were 32.9% and 23.0% of total dietary fiber intakes, respectively. Conclusions: This DFCT could serve as a useful database for assessing dietary fiber intakes and for investigating the association between dietary fiber intakes and noncommunicable diseases.