• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.180-184
• /
• 2009

The apoptotic effect of bacteria-derived $\beta$-glucan was investigated in human colon cancer cells SNU-C4 using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 genes, and assay of caspase-3 enzyme activity. $\beta$-Glucan of 10, 50, and $100{\mu}g$/mL decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with typical apoptotic characteristics, such as morphological changes of chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation from TUNEL assay. In addition, $\beta$-glucan ($100{\mu}g$/mL) decreased the expression of Bc1-2 by 0.6 times, whereas the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 were increased by 3.1 and 2.3 times, respectively, compared to untreated control group. Furthermore, the caspase-3 activity in the $\beta$-glucan-treated group was significantly increased compared to those in control group (P < 0.05). Bacterial derived $\beta$-glucan could be used as an effective compound inducing apoptosis in human colon cancer.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.323-329
• /
• 2007

The objective of this study was to compare the healthy dining out attitude of restaurant diners by self-rated health status. Using healthy dining attitude and behavior questionnaire and a single question describing self-rated health status, the needs and importance of healthy dining out was detected. Mean age of the 182 respondents was 38.9${\pm}$11.37 years old and 37.4% of the respondents answered their mean monthly income was over 6,000,000won showing the subjects belonged in high income diners. The needs of healthy dining measured by five scales and offering healthy menus(3.80), labeling foods about original country(3.79), using environmentally friendly foodstuffs(3.71) and labeling nutrients on menu board(3.62) show higher score than others. A total of 76.4% of the respondents assessed their health status as 'good-rated Health' and 23.6% was 'poor-rated health'. There was no difference in frequency of eating out by self-perception of health status but, the 'poor-rated health' group need more nutrition information in restaurant specially for calorie(p<0.05), cholesterol(p<0.05), fiber(p<0.05), functional nutrients(p<0.001) showing significant differences comparing to 'good-rated health' group. In good-rated health group, selection of Korean cuisine for eating out was more frequent than the poor. The results shows the needs of healthy dining can be varied by diner's health status and therefore restaurateur should focus on understanding of the needs of diners with various health status.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.440-451
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information on nutrition education for proper meal purchase habits by conducting a survey on the adolescents' meal purchases, which is gradually increasing nowadays. The survey was conducted on 311 middle school students living in Gyeonggi province. The largest number of students (79.1%) received an allowance under '2,000 won'. Among those students who received a daily allowance, 70.7% of students spent under '1000 won' a day on meal purchases. Most students answered 'meal purchase is necessary'. Of the reasons for thinking that meal purchases are necessary, 'for staving off hunger' took the highest ratio (67.1%). As for standards of food choice, the largest number of students answered 'taste' (57.6%). As for frequency of meal purchases, most students answered 'once or twice a week', and with regard to day of the week, 'weekdays' took the highest ratio. As for possibility of balanced nutrition by meal purchases, the answer 'surely possible' took the highest ratio. Asked whether or not one had learned nutrition education on meal purchases, 73% answered 'no'. Asked about the necessity of nutrition education on meal purchases, 'necessary once' took the highest ratio. The most preferred purchase meals were breads, snacks was ranked second, followed by frozen foods, beverages, fast-foods, rice-cakes, flour-based foods, ice-cream, and fruits. To sum up the results, most students perceived that meal purchases are necessary. However, high quality meal purchases were not achieved, as most of the students did not verify nutrition labeling, and placed emphasis on 'taste'. Further, many students wanted nutrition education on meal purchases while only a few had actually received it. Therefore, systemic, regular, and multilateral nutrition education conducted at home, school, and society will contribute to establishing proper meal purchase habits.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.74-80
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate culinary arts and hospitality students' food safety practice behaviors, intentions, attitudes, and barriers to food safety compliance. This descriptive study used the self-report questionnaire. The convenience sample was composed of 266 college students majoring in culinary arts and hospitality. The students indicated that they never or rarely use a thermometer to determine if meats have been adequately cooked. Examples of positive food handling behaviors were hand washing, sanitation of fruits and vegetables, discarding of food past its expiration date, counter top sanitation, and proper food storage. Students strongly agreed it is their responsibility to practice food safety and to educate their employees about food safety. The primary barrier to proper food safety as ranked by student respondents is the misunderstanding about food labeling. Previous food safety education and internship experience appeared to improve the student respondents' perceived attitudes toward following the principles of food safety practices (p < 0.05), although behaviors and intentions to use the correct food safety practices were not affected. The findings of this study suggest that programs should consider integrating information and experiential learning opportunities in their courses that would be enhance student understanding about food safety. The outcomes of this study can be applied to develop food safety education materials and programs for culinary arts and hospitality students.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.531-539
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine how nutritionists, principals and parents evaluated the importance and priorities of different selection factors for food materials suppliers in an attempt to suggest how to ensure the best supplier choice, since the selection of the best supplier was mandatory for the successful TQM of school food services. This study especially aims to develop priority alternatives based on relative rather than absolute assignments on selection of suppliers for school food service materials. To apply AHP, the selection factors of a food materials suppliers were grouped into five categories, which included quality, service, reliability, hygiene and price. And the five categories involved 28 elements. As the result, quality was considered most crucial on the whole, followed by service, reliability, hygiene and price; and food labeling in the category of quality evaluated as that of first priority in the totality evaluation elements.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.280-290
• /
• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the menu and nutritional contents of convenience store lunchboxes, and evaluated the nutritional content by meal type, price, and store brand. Methods: In September 2019, 93 convenience store lunchboxes from the top five franchise stores were purchased. Relevant information on price, food weight, food ingredients, cooking methods, and nutrition labeling were subsequently collected. Nutritional content was evaluated based on the daily value (DV) and Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ), and energy contribution of carbohydrate, protein, fat, saturated fat and sugar was compared with the recommended range. Results: Most lunchboxes included the food groups; grains/starches, meats/fish/eggs/legumes, and vegetables. However, none provided fruits, and only a few lunchboxes provided milk/milk products. Stir-frying, deep-frying, and pan-frying were the most frequent methods of cooking. The average energy content of the lunchboxes was 736.6 kcal, whereas the average contents of protein, fat and saturated fat were higher than 40% of the DV, and sodium content was 66.8% of the DV. The contents of most nutrients in traditional type lunchboxes were higher, as compared to nutrients in onedish type lunchboxes. Considering pricing of lunchboxes, protein and sodium contents were higher in the higher-priced lunchboxes as compared to lower-priced lunchboxes, but there were no differences in the INQs. The contents of energy, protein, fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol significantly differed by brand. Conclusions: Our results indicate that convenience store lunchboxes contain high levels of protein, fat, saturated fat, and sodium. The nutritional contents differed by meal type, price, and store brand, and higher price did not imply higher nutritional quality. We propose the need to educate consumers to check nutrition labels and purchase appropriate lunchboxes. Manufacturers also need to make efforts to reduce the amounts of fat, saturated fat, and sodium, and not provide protein in excess.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.365-373
• /
• 2008

This study examined the needs and practice willingness for the health promotion program of restaurant industry among Seoul residents. Using structured self-administered questionnaires, data on subjects' general characteristics, health status, and eating out behavior characteristics, the needs and practice willingness of the health promotion program for restaurant industry were collected from 765 adults above the age of 19. The needs for nutrition labeling such as fat, calorie, sodium, fiber, and the practice willingness for consuming nutrition labeled food were high. Results showed that gender, restaurant's management status, and food quality status were significant indicators for needs for health promotion program. Education duration, food quality status, and the frequency of eating out were significant variables for practice willingness. The results imply that health promotion program for the restaurant industry should be based on the consumer's characteristics. Also, the results imply the necessity of several activities such as social marketing to inform the benefit of participation in the health promotion program for consumers, guidance to maintain the food quality and improve the ambiance of restaurant for suppliers, and the new establishment of research centers to validate the labeled information on meals and analyze the nutrients of the meals for agencies.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.126-135
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the consumer awareness and information seeking behaviors towards food additives. The data were collected from 506 adults living in Seoul, Daegu and Rusan by self-administered questionnaires. Frequencies and chi-square tests were conducted with SPSS. The results of the survey were as follows: (1) The consumers' concerns towards food additives were high, (2) Especially, many consumers were highly concerned about preservatives among food additives, (3) Two-fifths of the respondents thought the use of food additives had nothing to do with the quality of food, (4) Many respondents tried to consume the food containing less food additives, (5) Most respondents were not satisfied with the labeling of food additives, and (6) Many consumers needed the information about food additives, especially safety of food additives.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제43권12호
• /
• pp.1929-1936
• /
• 2014

용인시에 위치한 고등학교에 재학 중인 남녀 고등학생 179명을 대상으로 가공식품의 구매행동 특성에 대한 결과를 분석한 후 요약하면 다음과 같다. 고등학생들의 가공식품 섭취 횟수는 남학생 70.3%, 여학생 68.2%가 1~2회를 섭취하였다. 자주 섭취하는 가공식품의 종류로는 과자류가 31.3%로 가장 많았으며 그 다음으로는 음료수(17.3%)> 빵류(12.3%)> 라면류(11.7%)와 우유 및 유제품류(11.7%)> 빙과류(10.6%) 순의 결과를 보였다. 구매장소는 마트, 학교매점 및 편의점을 선호하였으며 가장 큰 구매이유는 '맛이 있어서'라는 응답이 43.6%로 '배가 고파서' 35.2%보다 높은 결과를 보였다. 구매 시 고려이유 역시 '맛'이 70.9%로 가장 중요한 것으로 보였으며 그 다음으로는 '가격' 16.2%, '양' 5.6%, '영양' 4.5%로 '영양'보다는 '맛' 위주로 가공식품을 선택하는 것으로 판단되었다. 식품표시 항목 중 '유통기한(67.0%)'을 가장 중요한 항목으로 인식하고 있었으며 영양표시 항목 중에서는 '열량(57.5%)'이 가장 중요하고 그 다음으로는 '총 지방함량(10.1%)'> '트랜스지방(9.5%)'> '콜레스테롤(7.3%)' 순의 결과를 보였다. 식품표시 및 영양표시에 대한 확인 정도의 결과는 '항상 확인함'이라고 응답한 학생은 12.3%에 불과했으며 '가끔 확인함'이 59.2%로 가장 많았다. '확인하지 않음'의 비율이 28.5%나 되어 건강한 식품의 선택을 위한 식품 및 영양표시정보에 대한 고등학생들의 관심도는 매우 낮은 수준임을 알 수 있었다. 확인하지 않는 이유에 대한 결과에서도 '관심이 없어서'가 27.9%의 높은 결과를 보였다. 이 외에 표시항목들이 '너무 작거나 조잡해서'라는 응답도 28.5%로 높은 결과를 보였다. '이해가 어려워서' 16.2%, '습관적인 구매 때문에'는 15.1%의 결과를 보였다. 따라서 고등학생들의 건전한 가공식품 구매활동을 유도하기 위해서는 정확하고 정돈된 식품 및 영양성분표시의 정보제공이 우선시 되어야 할 뿐만 아니라 건강한 식습관 형성 및 식품표시정보에 대한 학생들의 관심도를 향상시킬 수 있는 보다 적극적이고 구체적인 영양교육 프로그램의 운영이 요구된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.624-632
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to evaluated the nutrition quality of the commercial supplementary foods for infants and young children and to seek a solution to the establishment of standards of nutrient requirements for supplementary foods in Korea. Information on food ingredients, nutrient contents, claims about usefulness of food components and instructions for feeding preparation were obtained from the labels of 33 commercial supplementary foods manufactured by 4 different domestic companies. According to the standard of supplementary foods for infants and young children described in the Korean Food Code, the commercial supplementary foods were categorized into two different types, weaning food and baby food. All the commercial weaning foods were in powder form and mainly composed of cereals, whereas all the baby foods were mainly composed of fruits in the form of canned juice. The weaning foods contained more nutrients than the baby foods did, and the nutrient levels of the weaning foods expressed as nutrient density on energy basis were higher than the RDA for infants aged 5 to 11 months, suggesting that the commercial weaning foods provide adequate amounts of nutrients. If one followed the instructions for feeding preparation appearing on the label, however, recommended amounts of intake of the weaning foods would provide too much energy as well as nutrients. There were many differences in nutrient standards of weaning foods between the Korean Food Code and Codex international food standard. In conclusion, the establishment of standards for nutrient requirements for the supplementary foods requires significant scientific studies on what nutrients are the most inadequate in Korean infants and young children feeds and what levels of nutrients should be added to the foods in order to supplement their nutrition. In addition, it is very important to have a strong scientific basis to support our standard when discrepancies exist between our standard and the international standard. (Korean J Community Nutrition 2(4) : 624-632, 1997)