• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.118-122
• /
• 2000

An extensive investigation has been made for the possible utilization of polypropylene spunbonded fabrics in rice seedling nursery. Considering the cropping systems available in southern part of Korea, sowing dates were fixed at April 5 and April 20 for single cropping and May 6 and May 26 for double cropping. Nursery period was fixed to 35 days for each sowing date. Four different thickness of polypropylene spunbonded fabrics, 40, 60, 80, 100 g/$m^2$, were tested in rice seedling nursery. The temperature and light intensity were not significantly different among the thickness of polypropylene spunbonded fabrics. Light intensity was significantly reduced in polypropylene spunbonded fabric (72.2 Klux) compared with polyethylene mm (85.5 Klux), however, the reduced light intensity was enough for seedling growth. The temperature in the polypropylene spunbonded fabric covering during low air temperature was higher than that in polyethylene mm tunnel. At transplanting, the rice seedlings grown in polypropylene spunbonded fabric condition was shorter (17cm) but healthier than those in polyethylene mm (23cm). The estimated possible nursery periods using the polypropylene spunbonded fabric covering may start from April 1 at Chinju (plain area in Southern Korea, 20m altitude) and April 15 at Susang (mountainous area, 430m altitude). Labour hours and cost were reduced by about 28% and 48%, respectively.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.163-174
• /
• 2002

목 적: 본원 신생아실 및 신생아 중환자실에서 10년간 발생한 신생아 패혈증을 조사하여 환아들의 특징, 패혈증의 원인균 및 항생제 감수성의 변화를 파악하고 신생아 패혈증을 치료하는데 도움되고자 하였다. 방 법: 1989년부터 1998년까지의 10년간 본원 신생아실 및 신생아 중환자실에 입원하였던 환아 15,144명에 대해 의무기록을 확인하여 신생아 패혈증으로 진단된 환아를 선별하였다. 조사 기간을 1989년부터 1993년까지(전반기)와 1994년부터 1998 년까지(후반기)로 나누어 패혈증으로 진단된 환아 들의 임상적 특징, 균의 종류와 빈도, 항생제 감수성의 변화 양상을 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 신생아 패혈증은 총 15,144명 중 170명에서 진단되어 1.1%(전반기 91명, 1.2%, 후반기 79명 1.0%)이었으며, 186회(전반기 99회, 후반기 87회)에 걸쳐 200개의 균주(전반기 109균주, 후반기 91균주)가 분리동정 되었다. 평균 발병시기는 생후12.3일로 전반기 8.8일, 후반기 16.3일이었고, 조발형은 전반기 34.7%, 후반기 23.0%로 나타나 전반기에 더 빨리 발병하였다. 분리된 균주는 그람양성균 132회 (66.0%), 그람음성균 60회(30.0%), 진균 8회(4.0%)이었으며, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus(CNS)가 총 69회(34.5%)로 가장 많은 빈도를 나타내었고, Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) 36회(18.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae) 17회(8.5%), Enterococcus 12회(6.0%), Enterobacter cloacae(E. cloacae) 8회(4.0%), Escherichia coli(E. coli) 6회(3.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginasa) 5회(2.5%) 등의 순이었다. 진균으로는 Candida parapsilosis, Candida albicans, Trichosporon pullulans 가 분리되었다. CNS, S. aureus 및 Acinetobacter baumannii(A. baumanii), Candida는 전반기에 비해 후반기에 더 많이 분리 동정되었으며, CNS 및 S. aureus의 methicillin 및 1세대 cephalosporin에 대한 항생제 감수성은 전반기에 비해 후반기에 감소하였고 aminoglycosides에 대한 감수성은 후반기에 증가하였으며, vancomycin 내성균은 분리되지 않았다. K. pneumoniae, Enterococcus, E. coli 및 P. aeruginosa는 전반기에 비해 후반기에 감소하였으며 K. pneumoniae는 1세대 cephalosporin에 대해 전, 후반기 모두 낮은 감수성을 보였고 tobramycin과 gentamicin에는 후반기에 감수성이 증가하였으며 amikacin, ceftriaxone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole에는 전, 후반기 모두 높은 감수성을 보였다. Enterococcous는ampicillin, penicillin 및 1세대 cephalosporin에 대한 감수성이 후반기에 감소하였으나 vancomycin 내성균은 분리되지 않았다. 결 론 : 지난 10년간의 신생아 패혈증의 발생 빈도는 1.1%이었으며, CNS와 S. aureus가 신생아 패혈증의 주 원인균이었고, 일차 항생제에 대한 감수성은 전반기에 비해 후반기에 감소하였으나 vanco- mycin 내성균은 발견되지 않았다. 신생아 패혈증의 주요 원인균으로 알려진 group B Streptococcus는 발견되지 않았으며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 신생아 패혈증은 후반기에 더 많이 발생하였으나 항생제 감수성은 감소되지 않았다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제63권6호
• /
• pp.1344-1354
• /
• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of brown rice (Japonica) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood parameters of weanling pigs. A total of 60 weanling pigs (28-day-old, 30 barrows and 30 gilts, 6.73 ± 0.77 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments (6 pigs per pen; 5 replicates per treatment) in a randomized complete block design with the initial BW and sex as blocks. The dietary treatments were a typical nursery diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and the CON replaced 50% of corn with brown rice (BR). Pigs were fed respective dietary treatments for 5 weeks. For the last week of experiment period, pigs were fed respective dietary treatments containing 0.2% chromic oxide as an indigestible marker. Fecal samples were collected from randomly selected 1 pig in each pen daily for the last 3 d after the 4-d adjustment period. Blood was collected from randomly selected 1 pig in each pen on d 0, 3, 7, and 14 after weaning. Compared with pig fed CON diet, pigs fed the BR diet were found to have higher (p < 0.05) final BW, overall average daily gain, and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter and energy. However, there were no significant differences between the groups with respect to average daily feed intake, gain to feed ratio, frequency of diarrhea, and the AID and ATTD of crude protein during overall experimental period. Similarly, there were no significant differences on blood parameters between the groups. Thus, the findings of this study indicate that brown rice (Japonica) can be used to replace 50% of corn in the diet of pigs during the nursery period without negatively affecting growth performance, nutrient digestibility, or blood parameters.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권12호
• /
• pp.1784-1789
• /
• 2006

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of phytobiotics and organic acids on growth performance of nursery pigs as an alternative to antibiotics. Phytobiotics refer bioactive compounds from plant materials including essential oils and herbal extracts. In Exp. 1,144 pigs, weaned at 23.4${\pm}$0.3 d age, were allotted to three dietary treatments. Treatment diets were: 1) NC (no antibiotics and no phytobiotics); 2) PC (NC+carbadox, 50 mg/kg); and 3) PB (NC+phytobiotics; 0.1% PEP1000-$1^{(R)}$. Each treatment had six replicates with eight pigs per pen. Pigs were fed the experimental diets for 5 wks in 3 phases (phase 1 for 2 wk; phase 2 for 2 wk; phase 3 for 1 wk). In Exp. 2, 192 pigs, weaned at 19.2${\pm}$0.3 d age, were allotted to three dietary treatments: 1) NC; 2) PC; and 3) PBO (NC+phytobiotics; 0.2% or 0.1% PEP1000-$1^{(R)}$ and organic acids; 0.4% or 0.2% $Biotronic^{(R)}$for the phase 1 and 2, respectively) with eight replicates per treatment and eight pigs per pen. Pigs were fed the assigned diets for 5 wks in 2 phases (phase 1 for 2 wk; phase 2 for 3 wk). Body weights were measured at the beginning of the experiment and at the end of each week in both Exp. 1 and 2. Feed intake was measured at the end of each week in both Exp. 1 and 2. Diarrhea score was measured daily during the entire period for Exp. 1 and during the phase 1 for Exp. 2. In Exp. 1, the PC had a higher (p<0.05) overall ADG than the NC, but the overall ADG of the PB did not differ (p>0.05) from the NC or the PC. In Exp. 2, the overall ADG did not differ (p>0.05) among all the treatments during the entire experimental period. The overall ADFI and the overall gain:feed ratio did not differ (p>0.05) among all the treatments during the entire experimental period in both Exp. 1 and 2. The PC had a higher (p<0.05) overall diarrhea score (harder stools) than the NC and the PB in Exp. 1, and a higher (p<0.05) overall diarrhea score than the NC in Exp. 2. The overall diarrhea score of the PB and the PBO did not differ (p>0.05) from the NC or the PC in Exp. 1 and 2. Results from this study show that the growth of pigs fed the diets with phytobiotics or the combination of phytobiotics and organic acids did not differ from those both with antibiotics and without antibiotics when tested in an environmentally controlled research facility. Further experiments are required to study the growth performance in disease challenged conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 2006

Certain amino acids are essential precursors of a variety of important biomolecules in addition to their major function as protein building blocks. ${\delta}$-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is synthesized from the condensed form of succinyl-CoA with glycine after decarboxylation catalyzed by ALA synthase. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of ALA supplementation on growth performance, behavioral characteristics and hematological/immune status in nursery pigs. A total of 144 pigs weaned at 21 d of age were allotted to three dietary treatments representing (-) control (w/o antibiotics; NC), (+) control (w/carbadox at 50 mg/kg; PC), and the treatment group with ALA supplementation (0.05%; TA). Each treatment had 6 pens (replicates) with 8 pigs per pen. Pigs were fed phase 1 (21.9% CP, 1.40% Lys) and 2 (20.6% CP, 1.15% Lys) experimental diets for 3 and 2 wks, respectively. Feed intake and weight gain were measured weekly during phase 1 and at the end of phase 2. At the end of phase 2, blood samples were taken and analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer. Skin color and activity of pigs (48 h) from all pens in each treatment were measured at the second week of phase 2. Growth performance was not affected (p>0.05) by the dietary supplementation of ALA during the 5 wk nursery period. Pigs in the TA (6.46) and PC (6.68) had a higher (p<0.05) number of red blood cells ($10^6cell/{\mu}L$) than pigs in the NC (6.15). Pigs in PC (12.16) had a higher (p<0.05) hemoglobin level (g/dL) than pigs in the NC group (11.29) and the TA group (11.47). Pigs in the TA and PC had darker (p<0.05) and less (p<0.05) yellow skin color than pigs in the NC. Pigs in the PC tended (p = 0.081) to be less active than pigs in the other groups. There were no differences in behavioral characteristics between the NC and the TA. The data suggest that ALA supplementation has no adverse effects on growth performance of nursery pigs. Moreover, ALA supplementation increased red blood cell counts which may be beneficial to pigs.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회지
• /
• pp.168-169
• /
• 2000

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2000년도 추계 학술대회지
• /
• pp.167-168
• /
• 2000

• 한국생물환경조절학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물환경조절학회 1998년도 정기총회 및 학술논문 발표요지
• /
• pp.116-121
• /
• 1998

단고추는 국내에서는 1934년에 "복견감장" 이라는 품종을 도입한 것이 최초로 알려져 있으며 그후 영리를 목적으로 본격적인 농가재배가 이루어진 것은 80년대부터이다$^{3)}$ . 그후로 지속적으로 재배면적이 증가되어 단고추의 재배면적은 ＇97년 현재100㏊ 정도 재배되고 있고 식생활의 변화와 더불어 그 소요가 크게 증가되어 면적도 증가 추세에 있는 작물중의 하나다. (중략) 하나다. (중략)

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 1992년도 춘계 학술대회지
• /
• pp.78-79
• /
• 1992

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.297-301
• /
• 1990

우리나라 영일만지대(迎日灣地帶)에서 생산(生産)되는 토양광물자원중(土壤鑛物資源中) pH가 3정도(程度)로 낮고 CEC가 20me/100g정도(程度)로 비교적(比較的) 높은 규조토(珪藻土)의 농업적(農業的) 활용가능성(活用可能性)을 검토(檢討)하고자 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)이 수도상자육묘상토(水滔箱子育苗床土)의 pH조절(調節) 및 묘생육(苗生育)에 미치는 영향에 대(對)하여 질내(窒內) 및 육묘시험(育苗試驗)을 수행(遂行)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 토양(土壤)pH와 입고병발생율(立枯病發生率)은 규조토(珪藻土) 시용량(施用量)의 증가(增加)에 따라 낮아졌다. 2. 10~15% 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 토양(土壤)pH는 상토(床土)의 최적(最適)pH수준(水準) 4.5~5.5로 조절(調節)되었다. 3. 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 조절(調節)된 pH는 질내시험(窒內試驗)의 황산(黃酸)에 의한 pH조절구(調節區)보다 산도변화(酸度變化)가 작았으며, 육묘기간(育苗期間)동안에도 대조(對照)에 비(比)하여 경미(輕微)하였다. 4. 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 묘(苗)의 건물중(乾物重) 및 초장(草長)이 증가(增加)하였다.