• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.36C no.10
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• pp.66-74
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose a generalized model of statistical Hopfield neural network applicable to solving the well known NP-Complete problem, TSP. Van Den Bout's method to simplify the energy function through normalization has severe weak points that it does not consider the necessary perturbation effects. In proposed model, the improved energy function is used and 5 kinds of perturbation effects and the ratio between perturbation effects are considered including van Den Bout's 2 kinds and one more kind of Park. Through the simulation of randomly generated distribution of 10-city, it is found that our model shows 90 out of 100 cases reach the optimum and near optimum solution(within 5% error). We show the simulation of the large scale, 30-city and 50-city.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1249-1257
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• 2017

Due to the 4th industrial revolution and an aged society, many studies are being conducted to apply virtual reality to medical field. Research on dementia is especially active. This paper proposes virtual reality based on cognitive rehabilitation contents using image recognition and clustering method to improve cognitive and physical disabilities caused by dementia. Unlike the existing cognitive rehabilitation system, this paper uses travel photos that reflect the memories of the subjects to be treated. In order to generate automated cognitive rehabilitation contents, we extract face information, food pictures, place information, and time information from photographs, and normalization is performed for clustering. And we present scenarios that can be used as cognitive rehabilitation contents using travel photos in virtual reality space.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.982-989
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• 2005

In this study, a series of laboratory tests based on 'Unit-cell concept' are performed to investigate improvement characteristics of clay ground in sand compaction pile method. Settlement reduction characteristics of composite ground and improvement characteristics of clay part could be qualified. In these procedure, the new strain-compression index($C_{\epsilon}$) of composite ground are adopted to show compressibility of composite ground according to the area replacement ratio, which is similar to the compression index($C_c$) in pure clay ground. Also, using normalization of reduction of water content in composite ground to the initial water content, improvement characteristics of clay part are investigated.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2008

The altered amino acid (AA) levels as neurotransmitter closely correlate to neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Target profiling analysis of nineteen AAs in brain cortex samples from three Tg2576 mice as AD model and three littermate mice as control model was achieved as their N(O,S)-ethoxycarbonyl/tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives by gas chromatography. Subsequently, star pattern recognition analysis was performed on the brain AA levels of AD mice after normalization to the corresponding control median values. As compared to control mice, $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid among ten AAs found in brain samples was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) while leucine was significantly elevated (P < 0.02) in AD mice. The normalized AA levels of the three AD mice were transformed into distorted star patterns which was different from the decagonal shape of control median. The present method allowed visual discrimination of the three AD mice from the controls based on the ten normalized AA levels.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.390-395
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• 2017

The present study investigated the sedative effects of Sophora flavescens (SF) and its bioactive compound, matrine through performing locomotor activity test and the electroencephalography (EEG) analysis in the rat. The underlying neural mechanism of their beneficial effects was determined by assessing c-Fos immunoreactivity and serotonin (5-HT) in the brain utilizing immunohistochemical method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that SF and matrine administration had an effect on normalization of caffeine-induced hyperactivity and promoting a shift toward non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. c-Fos-immunoreactivity and 5-HT level in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO), a sleep promoting region, were increased in the both SF and matrine-injected groups. In conclusion, SF and its bioactive compound, matrine alleviated caffeine-induced hyperactivity and promoted NREM sleep by activating VLPO neurons and modulating serotonergic transmission. It is suggested that SF might be a useful natural alternatives for hypnotic medicine.

• MALSORI
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• no.59
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• pp.89-99
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• 2006

This paper proposes a new structural head-related transfer function(HRTF) model to produce sounds in a virtual environment. The proposed HRTF model generates 3-D sounds by using a head model, a pinna model and the proposed distance model for azimuth, elevation, and distance that are three aspects for 3-D sounds, respectively. In particular, the proposed distance model consists of level normalization block distal region model, and proximal region model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, we setup an experimental procedure that each listener identifies a distance of 3-D sound sources that are generated by the proposed method with a predefined distance. It is shown from the tests that the proposed model provides an average distance error of $0.13{\sim}0.31$ meter when the sound source is generated as if it is 0.5 meter $\sim$ 2 meters apart from the listeners. This result is comparable to the average distance error of the human listening for the actual sound source.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.43-47
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a Plug-In MCCB developed for rapid power supply restoration when the MCCB is installed in a power system and to verify its reliability. Since the developed 3 ${\Phi}$ 3 W Plug-In MCCB can be installed on and removed from a bus bar by one touch using a plug housed at the rear, it can be replaced in a short period of time. Therefore, it can quickly respond to the normalization of a power system. When the Plug-In MCCBB is installed on a bus bar, the resistance between each phase and plug was measured to be 0.46 $m{\Omega}$ in average. When the Plug-In MCCB is installed, the tension in the vertical direction was measured to be 112.78 N in average, which is greater than the tension of 50 N specified in the related regulation. The withstanding voltage tests performed 5 times repeatedly by applying 6 kV to the developed Plug-In MCCB for 60 seconds shows good withstanding voltage characteristics. In addition, both the general waterproof test using a water injection method and the insulation resistance analysis using a Mega meter showed good waterproof and insulation characteristics.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1710-1719
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• 1997

An approximate analytical solution for the initial transient process of close-contact melting occurring between a phase change material kept at its melting temperature and an isothermally heated flat surface is derived. The model is so developed that it can cover both rectangular and circular cross-sectional solid blocks. Normalization of simplified model equations in reference to the steady solution enables the solution to be expressed in a generalized form depending on the liquid-to-solid density ratio only. A selected result shows an excellent agreement with the previously reported numerical data, which justifies the present approach. The solution appears to be capable of describing all the fundamental characteristics of the transient process. In particular, dependence of the solid descending velocity oft the density ratio at the early stage of melting is successfully resolved. The effects of other parameters except the density ratio on the transient behaviors are efficiently represented via the steady solution implied in the normalized result. A simple approximate method for estimating the effect of convection on heat transfer across the liquid film is also proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.573-576
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• 2012

We have analyzed the induction effects by separation distance between the power feeding station and the telecommunication cables. To do this we measured the induced voltage in 11 sections(10km) between Jangseong and Imgok at Jeon-nam province using telecommunication cable installed nearby KTX's feeder line. Sub-section has about 1km length of telecommunication cable. And we used normalization method in installed length of telecommunication cables and mutual inductance to analysis the induction effects more rationally.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.143-158
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• 1994

X.435 is the EDI communication protocol published by CCITT and ISO/IEC in 1990. The message types and abstract services of EDI-MS are specified in X.435 recommendation. In this paper, the design methodology on implementation of MSIB in the case that MHS-MS is required to be extended into EDI-MS has been studied. The design methodology presented in this paper is the one using the mapping function of the object relation. This methodology considers the EDI message types and characterictics. The proposed design methodology han an advantage that is able to design the component tables of MSIB satisfying the third normal form and it does not require the normalization processing. The MSIB constructed by the proposed method can store and retrieve multi-values efficiently.