• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.19-38
• /
• 2024

Meat contains high-value protein compounds that might degrade as a result of oxidation and microbial contamination. Additionally, various pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms can grow in meat. Moreover, contamination with pathogenic microorganisms above the infectious dose has caused foodborne illness outbreaks. To decrease the microbial population, traditional meat preservation methods such as thermal treatment and chemical disinfectants are used, but it may have limitations for the maintenance of meat quality or the consumers acceptance. Thus, non-thermal technologies (e.g., high-pressure processing, pulsed electric field, non-thermal plasma, pulsed light, supercritical carbon dioxide technology, ozone, irradiation, ultraviolet light, and ultrasound) have emerged to improve the shelf life and meat safety. Non-thermal technologies are becoming increasingly important because of their advantages in maintaining low temperature, meat nutrition, and short processing time. Especially, pulsed light and pulsed electric field treatment induce few sensory and physiological changes in high fat and protein meat products, making them suitable for the application. Many research results showed that these non-thermal technologies may keep meat fresh and maintain heat-sensitive elements in meat products.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제53권5호
• /
• pp.1540-1555
• /
• 2021

The plate-type fuel assembly adopted in nuclear research reactor suffers from complicated effect induced by non-uniform irradiation, which might affect its stress conditions, mechanical behavior and thermal-hydraulic performance. A reliable numerical method is of great importance to reveal the complex evolution of mechanical deformation, flow redistribution and temperature field for the plate-type fuel assembly under non-uniform irradiation. This paper is the first part of a two-part study developing the numerical methodology for the thermal-fluid-structure coupling behaviors of plate-type fuel assembly under irradiation. In this paper, the thermal-fluid-structure coupling methodology has been developed for plate-type fuel assembly under non-uniform irradiation condition by exchanging thermal-hydraulic and mechanical deformation parameters between Finite Element Model (FEM) software and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software with Mesh-based parallel Code Coupling Interface (MpCCI), which has been validated with experimental results. Based on the established methodology, the effects of non-uniform irradiation and fluid were discussed, which demonstrated that the maximum mechanical deformation with irradiation was dozens of times larger than that without irradiation and the hydraulic load on fuel plates due to differential pressure played a dominant role in the mechanical deformation.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.142-152
• /
• 2022

The present study was aimed at examining the antibacterial effects of nonthermal decontamination processes, which are equivalent to thermal treatment, to ensure microbiological safety of raw ground chicken. Escherichia coli or Salmonella were inoculated into 25 g of raw ground chicken samples. The raw ground chicken samples were non-treated or treated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) at 500 MPa (1-7 min), light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation at 405 nm wavelength (30-120 min), and heat at 70℃, 90℃ (1-60 min), and 121℃ (1-15 min). E. coli and Salmonella cell counts were enumerated after treatments. Moreover, the color parameters of treated raw ground chicken were analyzed. HHP treatment reduced E. coli and Salmonella cell counts by more than 5 Log CFU/g and more than 6 Log CFU/g after 7 min and 1 min, respectively; these effects were equivalent to those of thermal treatment. However, LED irradiation reduced Salmonella cell counts by only 0.9 Log CFU/g after 90 min of treatment, and it did not reduce E. coli cell counts for 90 min. Compared with those of the non-treated samples, the ΔE (total color difference) values of the samples treated with HHP were high, whereas the ΔE values of the samples treated with LED irradiation were low (1.93-2.98). These results indicate that despite color change by HHP treatment, HHP treatment at 500 MPa could be used as a non-thermal decontamination process equivalent to thermal treatment.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.622-628
• /
• 2004

In general, Reinforced Slopes by Shotcrete are difficult to inspect because of stiff Slope and highly Working Area. So the Inspection Techniques are needed by the Non-contact and Non-destructive. On this Study, Appling the safety method to finding the weak zones(cavity area, dampness area, etc.) by using the Infrared Thermal Technique That is detecting the Detail Thermal Difference on the Surface of Reinforced Slopes by Shotcrete.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제40권10호
• /
• pp.929-934
• /
• 2016

Plasma technology has long been regarded as a key essential tool in many industrial and technological sectors. However, the advancement of plasma technology in marine applications has not been fully realized yet. Herein, we present a short overview on the recent trends in utilization of plasma technology for air-pollution treatment in marine diesel exhaust. Four non-thermal plasma system, including electron beam dry scrubber (EBDS), dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), electron beam-microwave (EB-MW) plasma hybrid system, and plasma-catalytic hybrid system, are described with emphasis on their efficiency in removals of $NO_x$ and $SO_x$ gases. Non-thermal plasma has the great potential to be an efficient and environmentally compatible technique in simultaneous removals of $NO_x$ and $SO_x$ gases from the exhaust of marine diesel engine in the future.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.369-380
• /
• 2018

In this research work, nonlinear thermal buckling behavior of functionally graded (FG) plates is explored based a new higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The present model has just four unknowns, by using a new supposition of the displacement field which enforces undetermined integral variables. A shear correction factor is, thus, not necessary. A power law distribution is employed to express the disparity of volume fraction of material distributions. Three kinds of thermal loading, namely, uniform, linear, and nonlinear and temperature rises over z-axis direction are examined. The non-linear governing equations are resolved for plates subjected to simply supported boundary conditions at the edges. The results are approved with those existing in the literature. Impacts of various parameters such as aspect and thickness ratios, gradient index, type of thermal load rising, on the non-dimensional thermal buckling load are all examined.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제60권4호
• /
• pp.707-727
• /
• 2016

In this paper, thermal vibration of a nonlocal functionally graded (FG) plates with arbitrary boundary conditions under linear and non-linear temperature fields is explored by developing a refined shear deformation plate theory with an inverse cotangential function in which shear deformation effect was involved without the need for shear correction factors. The material properties of FG nanoplate are considered to be temperature-dependent and graded in the thickness direction according to the Mori-Tanaka model. On the basis of non-classical higher order plate model and Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory, the small size influence was captured. Numerical examples show the importance of non-uniform thermal loadings, boundary conditions, gradient index, nonlocal parameter and aspect and side-to-thickness ratio on vibrational responses of size-dependent FG nanoplates.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.4-16
• /
• 1984

The heat-pipe is characterised by the highly effective thermal conductance. In order to change the thermal conductance, the heat-pipe is connected to a reservior having a space which is filled with non-condensable gas. In normal operation, the vapour of working fluid will tend to pump the non- condensable gas into the reservoir and the gas-vapour interface situates at some point along the condenser section. The thermal conductance is affected by non- condensable gas. It is concluded that the suitable position of interface can be used to control the temperature of condenser section. In this experiment, the evaporating part is connected to the lowest position of heat-pipe. The copper heat-pipe which is filled with Freon-113 or distilled water as working fluid utilized. As results of experimental study, thermal conductance can be increased by the operating pressure which is infulenced by non-condensable gas. A correlative equation between the thermal conductance and the mass of non- condensable gas is also obtained.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.477-490
• /
• 2014

Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma, also named cold plasma, is defined as a partly ionized gas. Therefore, it cannot be equated with plasma from blood; it is not biological in nature. Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma is a new innovative approach in medicine not only for the treatment of wounds, but with a wide-range of other applications, as e.g. topical treatment of other skin diseases with microbial involvement or treatment of cancer diseases. This review emphasizes plasma effects on wound healing. Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma can support wound healing by its antiseptic effects, by stimulation of proliferation and migration of wound relating skin cells, by activation or inhibition of integrin receptors on the cell surface or by its pro-angiogenic effect. We summarize the effects of plasma on eukaryotic cells, especially on keratinocytes in terms of viability, proliferation, DNA, adhesion molecules and angiogenesis together with the role of reactive oxygen species and other components of plasma. The outcome of first clinical trials regarding wound healing is pointed out.

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.14-19
• /
• 2000

Due to distinct properties of plastic substrates such as poor thermal resistance, non-rigidness and high thermal expansion, it is difficult to fabricate plastic film LCDs by conventional LCD processes. Poor thermal resistance and high thermal expansion of substrates induced deformation of substrates surface, mismatch of thermal expansion between ITO electrodes and substrates resulted in defects in the ITO electrodes during the high temperature process. Defects of ITO electrodes and non-uniform cell gap caused by non-rigid and flexible properties were also observed in the pressuring process. Based on in these observations, we used a newly developed material and fabrication process to prevent deformation of substrates, defects of electrodes and to maintain uniform cell gap. The maximum temperature of the process is limited up to $110^{\circ}C$ and pressure loaded during the process is five times less than conventional one. With these invented processes and materials, we obtained highly reliable Plastic Film STN LCDs whose electro-optical characteristics are better than or equivalent to those of typical glass LCDs.