• 환경영향평가
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2023

TOC는 수중에 있는 유기물질의 90% 이상을 측정할 수 있으며 신속하고 용이하게 측정할 수 있기 때문에 기존에 사용된 유기오염물질의 지표인 BOD와 COD를 대체하고 있다. 수질오염공정시험기준에 따라 TOC를 측정할 때, 시료의 총탄소 중 무기탄소 비율이 50% 이상일 경우 NPOC법으로 분석하고, 휘발성유기화합물이 수 mg/L 이상일 경우 가감(TC-IC)법으로 분석하도록 규정되어 있다. 이러한 분석조건의 제한성을 검증하기 위해 정제수에 총유기탄소와 무기성 탄소의 비율이 다르게 하여 시험용액에서 총유기 탄소 농도결과를 확인하였는데 가감법과 NPOC법에서 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 휘발성유기화합물 표준 용액을 첨가한 시료를 측정한 결과, NPOC법으로 분석할 때에 퍼징으로 인해 유실되는 탄소량은 크지 않은 것으로 나타나 시료에 휘발성유기화합물이 존재 시 분석방법에 따른 차이는 크지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 수질오염공정시험기준과 환경측정기기의 형식승인·정도검사 등에 관한 고시의 기준에 의한 판정 결과가 달라지는 경우를 판단하기 위해 국내에서 널리 사용하고 있는 2종류의 총유기탄소분석기의 현장시료 농도값 차를 비교한 결과, 제조사에 따라 NPOC법과 가감법에서 0.02~0.83 mg/L 차이가 있었으며, 이에 따라 기기 선정시 주의가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.410-417
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• 2012

국내의 화력발전소와 원자력발전소는 품질이 좋은 전기를 생산하기 위하여 여러 가지 형태의 복수기 튜브와 증기발생기 튜브들로 구성되어 있다. 이러한 설비에 결함이 발생되었을 경우 검사할 수 있는 여러 가지의 검사 방법이 있으며, 그 중에서도 유도초음파를 이용한 방법은 장비의 설치가 간단하며, 검사 속도가 빠르고 고정된 위치에서 한 번의 주사로 먼 거리를 검사할 수 있기 때문에 주로 많이 사용되고 있다. 유도초음파를 이용한 검사방법이 이러한 장점을 가지고 있는 반면에 아주 작은 크기의 결함은 검출할 수 없는 단점도 가지고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 소구경 튜브 내에서 발생될 수 있는 여러 가지의 인공결함을 가공하여 결함의 형태 및 크기에 따른 실험과 신호 해석을 통하여 이러한 단점들을 극복하고자 노력 하였으며 신호 처리 기술과 검사용 센서 제작 기술의 발달로 인하여 이러한 문제점들은 조만간에 극복될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.331-342
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• 1998

Nurses evaluate the physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being of a person when conducting an assessment and forming a plan of care. Nursing is a holistic approach to health and well-being. Implication for Nursing Practice : nurses must assess and support intrinsic religiosity and promote spiritual well-being in peoples coping with severe diseaser. The purpose of this study was to investigate spiritual well-being, hope and self-esteem of nursing students, and to identify spiritual well-being, hope and self-esteem the differences between nursing students of christian university and nursing students of non-christian university. The measurment tools for spiritual well-being, hope anf self-esteem were a self-report questionnaire. The collected data was prepared for computer analysis and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. General characteristics, spiritual well-being, hope and self-esteem are analyzed by descriptive statistical methods. For hypothesis testing t-test, Pearson correlation are used. The result of this study can be summarized as follows ; 1. The mean score for spiritual well-being in the nursing students was 79.52 of a possible range of 20-120. And the mean score for hope was 58.18 of a possible range of 29-116, the mean score for self-esteem was 112.29 of a possible range of 30-150. 2. 'Nursing students of christian university will demonstrate higher spiritual well-being than the nursing students of nonchristian university' was rejected(t=1.01, p=.96). 3. 'Nursing students of christian university will demonstrate higher hope than the nursing students of nonchristian university' was rejected(t=1.71, p=.05). 4. 'Nursing students of christian university will demonstrate higher self-esteem than the nursing students of nonchristian' was rejected(t=1.53, p=.12). 5. 'The higher spiritual well-being, the higher hope' was rejected(r=-.664, p=.000). 6. 'The higher spiritual well-being score, the higher self-esteem' was supported(r=.487, p=.000).

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제30권
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• pp.17.1-17.6
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• 2015

Objectives In this study, the possibility of using existing test data provided in Korea and elsewhere for the registration of chemical substances was examined. Data on 510 chemical substances that are among the first subject to registration under the "Act on the Registration and Evaluation, etc. of Chemical Substances (K-REACH)" were analyzed. Methods The possibility of using existing data from 16 reference databases was examined for 510 chemical substances notified in July 2015 as being subject to registration. Results Test data with the reliability required for the registration of chemical substances under the K-REACH constituted 48.4% of the required physicochemical characteristics, 6.5% of the required health hazards, and 9.4% of the required environmental hazards. Conclusions Some existing test data were not within the scope of this research, including data used for registration in the European Union (EU). Thus, considering that 350 of these 510 species are registered in EU Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation & Restriction of Chemicals, more test data may exist that can be utilized in addition to the data identified in this study. Furthermore, the K-REACH states that non-testing data (test results predicted through Read Across, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships) and the weight of evidence (test results predicted based on test data with low reliability) can also be utilized for registration data. Therefore, if methods for using such data were actively reviewed, it would be possible to reduce the cost of securing test data required for the registration of chemical substances.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.67-84
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• 2007

한 정보시스템을 소개 및 전파 시에, 만약 정보시스템의 공급자가 조기 수용성향을 가진 사용자 집단을 식별해낼 수 있다면, 그 집단에 대한 집중적인 권장 및 홍보를 통하여 더욱 효율적으로 시스템을 전파할 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 도입 이후 그 조기수용자들은 타 수용대상 집단들에 대한 시스템의 자발적 홍보와 수용 시의 도움들을 통해 시스템 도입을 더욱 용이하게 하는 효과를 가져오게 할 수 있다. 이와 같은 조기 수용자군 식별 목적을 위하여, 본 논문은 기존 주로 사용되어 온 이산선택기법 대신, 의사결정나무를 이용한 식별기법을 제안한다. 기존의 이산선택기법에 비하여 이 기법은 집단 예측에 있어서 더욱 정확하며, 비선형적으로 세분화된 그룹을 식별할 수 있는 장점도 가지고 있다. 이와 같은 효과의 검증을 위하여, 본 논문은 농업분야의 한 정보시스템 도입시의 실증데이터를 이용하여 목표집단 식별상의 의사결정나무기법의 우수성을 입증하였다. 본 기법은 앞으로 조기 수용자 집단 식별목적에 실질적으로 시스템 개발 공급자에게 이용될 수 있을 기법으로 기대된다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1992년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 19-21 Oct. 1992
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• pp.74-78
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• 1992

This paper describes an intelligent system to automatic evaluation of eddy current(EC) signal for Inspection of steam generator(SG) tubes in nuclear power plant. Some features of the intelligent system design in the proposed system are : (1) separation of representation scheme ,or event capturing knowledge in EC signal and for structural inspection knowledge in SG tubes inspection; (2) each representation scheme is implemented in different methods, one is syntactic pattern grammar and the other is rule based production. This intelligent system also includes an data base system and an user interface system to support integration of the hybrid knowledge processing methods. The intelligent system based on the proposed concept is useful in simplifying the knowledge elicitation process of the rule based production system, and in increasing the performance in real time signal inspection application.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.227-235
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• 2000

Agricultural products are easily deformable its shape because of some external forces. However, these force behavior is difficult to measure quantitatively. Until now, many researches on the mechanical property was performed with various methods such as material testing, chemical analysis and non-destructive methods. In order to investigate force behavior on the cellular unit of agricultural products, electro-microscope based 3D image processing method will contribute to analysis of plant cells behavior. Before image measurement of plant cells, plant sample was cut off cross-sectioned area in a size of almost 300-400 ${\mu}$ m units using the micron thickness device, and some of preprocessing procedure was performed with fixing and dyeing. However, the wall structure of plant cell is closely neighbor each other, it is necessary to separate its boundary pixel. Therefore, image merging and shrinking algorithm was adopted to avoid disconnection. After then, boundary pixel was traced through thinning algorithm. Each image from the electro-microscope has a information of x,y position and its height along the z axis cross sectioned image plane. 3D image was constructed using the continuous image combination. Major feature was acquired from a fault image and measured area, thickness of cell wall, shape and unit cell volume. The shape of plant cell was consist of multiple facet shape. Through this measured information, it is possible to construct for structure shape of unit plant cell. This micro unit image processing techniques will contribute to the filed of agricultural mechanical property and will use to construct unit cell model of each agricultural products and information of boundary will use for finite element analysis on unit cell image.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2013

PURPOSE. Among the surface treatment methods suggested to enhance the adhesion of resin cement to fiberreinforced composite posts, conflicting results have been obtained with silanization. In this study, the effects of silanization, heat activation after silanization, on the bond strength between fiber-reinforced composite post and resin cement were determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Six groups (n=7) were established to evaluate two types of fiber post (FRC Postec Plus, D.T. Light Post) and three surface treatments (no treatment; air drying; drying at $38^{\circ}C$). Every specimen were bonded with dual-curing resin cement (Variolink N) and stored in distilled water for 24 hours at $37^{\circ}C$. Shear-bond strength (MPa) between the fiber post and the resin cement were measured using universal testing device. The data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and by multiple comparisons according to Tukey's HSD (${\alpha}$=0.05). The effect of surface treatment, fiber post type, and the interactions between these two factors were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and independent sample T-tests. RESULTS. Silanization of the FRC Postec Plus significantly increased bond strength compared with the respective non-treated control, whereas no effect was determined for the D.T. Light Post. Heat drying the silane coupling agent on to the fiberreinforced post did not significantly improve bond strength compared to air-syringe drying. CONCLUSION. The bond strength between the fiber-reinforced post and the resin cement was significantly increased with silanization in regards to the FRC Postec Plus post. Bond strength was not significantly improved by heat activation of the silane coupling agent.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2019

Background: Neurosensory changes are frequently observed in the patients with mid-face fractures, and these symptoms are often caused by infraorbital nerve (ION) damage. Although ION damage is a relatively common phenomenon, there are no established and objective methods to evaluate it. The aim of this study was to test whether trigeminal somatosensory evoked potential (TSEP) could be used as a prognostic predictor of ION damage and TSEP testing was an objective method to evaluate ION injury. Methods: In this prospective TSEP study, 48 patients with unilateral mid-face fracture (only unilateral blow out fracture and unilateral zygomaticomaxillary fracture were included) and potential ION damages were enrolled. Both sides of the face were examined with TSEP and the non-traumatized side of the face was used as control. We calculated the latency difference between the affected and the unaffected sides. Results: Twenty-four patients recovered within 3 months, and 21 patients took more than 3 months to recover. The average latency difference between the affected side and unaffected side was 1.4 and 4.1 ms for the group that recovered within 3 months and the group that recovered after 3 months, respectively. Conclusion: Patients who suffered ION damage showed prolonged latency when examined using the TSEP test. TSEP is an effective tool for evaluation of nerve injury and predicting the recovery of patients with ION damage.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2021

식품안전사고는 2009년 이후 해마다 5천건 이상 매년 2%씩 증가하고 있는 추세이며 환경오염 및 농수산물 원산지표시 위반 등이 증가하고 있어 먹거리 안전에 대한 국민 불안은 가중되고 있는 실정이다. 식품안전사고를 예방할 수 있는 가장 좋은 방법은 빨리 검사하는 방법이라고 대부분 알고 있지만 식품생산 및 유통 현장에 분석 비전문가 수준에서 활용할 수 있는 검사기술이 부족한 실정이다. 최근 현장진단기술 중 시료에서 검사까지 가능한 STA 기술을 중심으로 유전자 기반 식중독균을 검사하는 방법에 대해 소개하였다. 사람이 아닌 원격지 무인으로 식품위해인자를 직접적으로 검사하여 식품안전정보를 위변조 없이 생성할 수 있다면 현재의 빅데이터와 인공지능 기술로부터 보다 정확한 위험을 예측할 수 있어 오염원을 관리할 수 있다. 이러한 정보 처리는 현재 클라우드 기술을 이용하여 스마트폰에서도 활용 가능한 수준이기 때문에 영세사업장이나 공공 단체급식 등에 활용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.