• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.197-200
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• 2002

This study is performed to examine the non-destruction properties of the Hwangtoh mortar. The absorption ratio is in the range of $8.25%{\sim}18.16%$, it tend to increase with increase using the stone dust and Hwangtoh. The pulse velocity and dynamic modulus at the curing age 7 and 28days are in the range of $2,290m/s{\sim}4,140m/s,\;2,976m/s{\sim}4,219m/s\;and\;105{\times}10^3kgf/cm^2{\sim}293{\times}10^3kgf/cm^2,\;137{\times}10^3kgf/cm^2{\sim}318{\times}10^3kgf/cm^2$, respectively. They tend to decrease with increase using the stone dust and Hwangtoh.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.125-128
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• 2006

As the ministry of construction and transportation established quality standards for recycled aggregate in August, 2005, the consumption of recycled aggregates is expected to be increased in construction fields in the future. Thus the relations between compressive strength of general concretes and that of recycled aggregate concretes which are applied to actual structures are attempted to investigate through non-destruction testing method. Presently Schmitt-Hammer test method is that concrete compressive strength is predicted by measuring surface hardness of concretes, and is well known as the most convenient and simply operated method among many non-destruction testing methods. In this study, cylinder specimen and mock-up were constructed using recycled aggregate concretes made by the first class recycled coarse aggregates and recycled fine aggregates specified in KS F 2573 (recycled aggregate for concrete), and compressive strength of hardened concrete of middle ages was evaluated.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.188-196
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• 2007

A composite case was designed to satisfy the required condition of KSLV-I kick motor system. we performed the structure and combustion tests to insure the reliability of the case before the production of the flight model. The hydraulic, vacuum and non destruction testes as the structure test were carried out to confirm the strength of the components of the case and the characteristics of the thermal and structure were investigated through the ground combustion test.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2005

This study was performed to evaluate strengths and non-destruction properties of super flow concrete using recycled coarse aggregate. At the curing age of 28 days, the compressive strength was 22.7-37.5 MPa, the splitting tensile strength was $2.65\~3.73$ MPa, the flexural strength was $5.78\~6.86$ MPa, the ultrasonic pulse velocity was $3,103\~3,480$ mis, the dynamic modulus of elasticity was $3.401{\times}104\~4.521{\times}104$MPa, respectively. The strengths, ultrasonic pulse velocity and dynamic modulus of elasticity of super flow concrete were decreased with increasing the content of recycled coarse aggregate. The super flow concretes using recycled coarse aggregate were improved by substitution in the range of less than the fly ash content 30010 and recycled coarse aggregate content $75\%$.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2003

This study aims to provide basic data that can be applied to construct real structures. For this, an experimental structure was manufactured to identify durability according to age of fiber-reinforced concrete which contains fiber reinforcement materials (polypropylene fiber, steel fiber, cellulose fiber) and structural property about flexural behavior and destruction of reinforced concrete beam, and a relation between load and deflection, crack and destruction according to increase of load and ductility capacity was examined. Fiber-reinforced concrete materials and other constructional materials were experimented and the result is presented as follows: The results obtained through material test of concrete and static experiment of members usings 1. The experiment shows that compressive strength of fiber-reinforced concrete was lower than that of non-reinforced concrete. 2. As a result of strength experiment according to different kinds of fiber, compressive strength of an experimented structure that contains cellulose fiber was the highest when age was 28. 3. When deflection of reinforced concrete beam was examined, it was reported that ductility capacity of the experimented structure that contains fiber-reinforced concrete was raise than that of non-reinforced concrete.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2002

Destruction process of toluene using a wire-cylindrical BBD (Dielectric Barrier Discharge) reactor packed with catalysts was investigated to characterize the synergetic effects of non-thermal plasma and catalyst process. The catalysts used in the present study were ${\gamma}$-Al$_2$BO$_3$ and Pt/${\gamma}$-Al$_2$O$_3$. Under the numerous test conditions, specific energy density (SED (J/L)) and the conversion of toluene, defined as (1 -[C$_{f}$]/[C$_{i}$]), were measured. The test results showed that toluene decomposition efficiency followed the pseudo-first order in the case of plasma only process. The pseudo-first order process, however, was modified to pseudo-zeroth order reaction in the case of catalyst-assisted plasma process. This modification of the reaction order was verified based on a simple kinetic model proposed in the present study. Owing to the modification of reaction order, which resulted from the catalytic process, the specific energy to achieve the high removal efficiencies, i.e. 80~90%, was reduced significantly.y.y.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.559-563
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• 2003

Cytokines produced by immune cells infiltrating pancreatic islets have been incriminated as important mediators of $\beta$-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In non insulin-dependent diabetes, cytokines are also associated with impaired $\beta$-cell function in high glucose condition. By the screening of various natural products blocking $\beta$-cell destruction, we have recently found that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can prevent the in vitro destruction of RINm5F cell, an insulinoma cell line, that is induced by cytokines. In that study we suggested that EGCG could prevent cytokine-induced $\beta$-cell destruction by down-regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) through inhibition of NF-kB activation. Here, to verify the in vivo antidiabetogenic effect of EGCG, we examined the possibility that EGCG could also prevent the experimental autoimmune diabetes induced by the treatment of multiple low doses of streptozotocin (MLD-STZ), which is recognized as an inducer of type I autoimmune diabetes. Administration of EGCG (100 mg/day/kg for 10 days) during the MLD-STZ induction of diabetes reduced the increase of blood glucose levels caused by MLD-STZ. Ex vivo analysis of $\beta$-islets showed that EGCG downregulates the MLD-STZ-induced expression of inducible NOS (iNOS). In addition, morphological examination showed that EGCG treatment ameliorated the decrease of islet mass induced by MLD-STZ. In combination these results suggest that EGCG could prevent the onset of MLD-STZ-induced diabetes by protecting pancreatic islets. Our results therefore revealed the possible therapeutic value of EGCG for the prevention of diabetes mellitus progression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.63-71
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• 2021

Using fossil fuels in existing industrial systems causes a variety of social problems. Recently, many studies have been conducted on bio-refineries, which aim to actively utilize biomass to reduce the use of fossil fuels and solve various social problems. Among them, research using microalgae as a third-generation biomass has attracted considerable attention. Microalgae use inorganic matter to produce organic matter, and cell destruction is necessary to extract useful organic materials from microalgae. The extracted organic materials are currently used in various industrial fields. Numerous cell-destruction methods exist. We have investigated cell disruption by sonication, especially its efficiency. Ultrasound is a sound wave with frequencies above 20 kHz, and destroys cells by sending high energy through a cavitation that occurs, according to the characteristics of the sound wave. The Dunaliella salina microalgae used in this study was cultured in a flat-type photobioreactor. Experiments were performed using a batch low-frequency processing device. Logistic model was applied to analyze the results of cell-destruction experiments using ultrasound. The proper conditions for the most efficient cell destruction were OD 1.4(microalgae concentration)), 54watt(output power) and 200mL(microalgae capacity).

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.11-16
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• 2002

The production of Portland cement involves maximum use of resources and energy, which leads to destruction of tile ecological environment, raising in serious environmental issues such as acid rain and the greenhouse effect. In order to combat the arising problems associated with Portland cement, it thus is necessary that a non-clinker cement should be developed. In this study, non-clinker cement is produced by blending granulate blast furnace slag with phosphogypsum as main materials, and small amounts of hydrate lime or waste lime as activators. This paper aims to investigate compressive strength according to various condition of mixing ratio, blame, W/C ratio and curing temperature. Compressive strength of non-clinker cement increases continuously according to increase in curing age and blain. Although the compressive strength is fairly comparable to that of OPC in the early curing age, it reaches a higher lever in the later age than that of OPC due to the optimum mixing ratio and the continuous reaction of slag and phosphogypsum. Results obtained from this study have shown that non-clinker cement could be used as a replacement of OPC.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.190-197
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• 2004

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic synovial inflammation which leads to joint destruction. Gene therapy of RA targets the players of inflammation or articular destruction. However, viral vectors have safety problems and side effects, while non-viral vectors suffer from inefficient gene transfer and fast loss of gene expression. To overcome the limits of non-vial vectors, an EBV-based plasmid which is known to exert prolonged high level gene expression can be used. Methods: pEBVGFP, pEBVIL-10, and pEBVvIL-10 were constructed by cloning GFP, IL-10, and vIL-10 genes into an EBV-based plasmid, respectively. The pGFP was used as a control plasmid. Each constructs were lipofected into HIG-82 rabbit synoviocytes. The expression of GFP was monitored by FACS and confocal microscopy. IL-10 and vIL-10 expressions were measured by ELISA. Results: GFP expression 2 days after transfection was achieved in 33.2% of cells. GFP-expressing cells transfected with pGFP decreased rapidly from 4 days after transfection and disappeared completely by 11 days. Cells transfected with pEBVGFP began to decrease slowly from 4 days. But GFP expression was detected for over 35 days. In addition, HIG-82 cells transfected with pEBVIL-10 ($44.6{\pm}1.5ng/ml$) or pEBVvIL-10 ($51.0{\pm}5.7ng/ml$) secreted these cytokines at high levels. High level cytokine production by hygromycin selection was maintained at least for up to 26 days after transfection. Conclusion: These results suggest that the EBV-based plasmid has a potential to improve non-viral gene transfer system and may be applicable to treat RA without the drawbacks of viral vectors.