• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Heart Rate is a crucial physiological parameter that provides basic information about the state of the human body in the cardiovascular system, as well as in medical diagnostics and fitness assessments. At present day, it has been demonstrated that facial video-based photoplethysmographic signal captured using a low-cost RGB camera is possible to retrieve remote heart rate. Traditional heart rate measurement is mostly obtained by direct contact with the human body, therefore, it can result inconvenient for long-term measurement due to the discomfort that it causes to the subject. In this paper, we propose a non-contact-based remote heart rate measuring approach of the subject which depends on the color intensity variation of the subject's facial skin. The proposed method is applied in two regions of the subject's face, forehead and cheeks. For this, three different algorithms are used to measure the heart rate. i.e., Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The average accuracy for the three algorithms utilizing the proposed method was 89.25% in both regions. It is also noteworthy that the FastICA algorithm showed a higher average accuracy of more than 92% in both regions. The proposed method obtained 1.94% higher average accuracy than the traditional method based on average color value.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.137-141
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• 2016

전력의 효율적인 사용과 에너지 절감을 위한 비접촉 전류측정에 대한 요구가 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 무선 비접촉 측정을 가능하게 하는 2개의 결합코일과 전류의 인가에 의해서 인덕턴스가 변화하는 센서코일을 이용한 공진회로를 구성함으로써, 인가되는 전류의 크기에 따라 공진주파수가 변화하는 것을 이용한 비접촉 전류센서를 제안한다. 센서코일의 인덕턴스는 외부에 자석을 부착함으로써 부여되는 바이어스 자계에 의해서 자계(전류)의 크기뿐 아니라 방향을 판단할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 구성한 비접촉 전류측정장치를 이용하여서 -3~+3 A의 전류를 측정하였을 때 18 V의 출력전압변화를 얻을 수 있었으나, 전류에 대한 출력특성은 선형적이지 않았다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 비접촉 전류측정방법(장치)를 보다 현실화시키기 위해서, 향후 출력신호의 선형화와 분해능의 엄밀한 검토가 필요하다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.446-458
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the non-contact nursing experiences of clinical nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A qualitative research design applying thematic analysis was used. The participants were purposive sampled from three institutes: a tertiary hospital, a general hospital, and a residential treatment center in Seoul. Data were collected between December 2021 and January 2022 through individual in-depth interviews with 12 clinical nurses. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's method to identify the meaning of the participants' experiences. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the fields where the participants performed non-contact nursing included intensive care units and isolation wards of hospitals, a residential treatment center, and home cares. Their tasks in non-contact nursing commonly involved remote monitoring using digital devices or equipment, consultation and education. From their experiences performing tasks in these fields, the four theme clusters and nine themes were derived. The four theme clusters are as follows: (1) Confusion of nursing role; (2) Conflict due to insufficient support system; (3) Concern about the quality of nursing; (4) Reflection on the establishment of nursing professionalism. Conclusion: This study highlights the necessity for institutionalizing professional nursing areas, nursing education, and practical support by clarifying the purpose and goals of non-contact nursing and developing nursing knowledge through frameworks.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.199-210
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• 2021

The aim of this paper was to examine the continuous and discontinuous contact problems between the functionally graded (FG) layer pressed with a uniformly distributed load and homogeneous half plane using an analytical method and FEM. The FG layer is made of non-homogeneous material with an isotropic stress-strain law with exponentially varying properties. It is assumed that the contact at the FG layer-half plane interface is frictionless, and only the normal tractions can be transmitted along the contacted regions. The body force of the FG layer is considered in the study. The FG layer was positioned on the homogeneous half plane without any bonds. Thus, if the external load was smaller than a certain critical value, the contact between the FG layer and half plane would be continuous. However, when the external load exceeded the critical value, there was a separation between the FG layer and half plane on the finite region, as discontinuous contact. Therefore, there have been some steps taken in this study. Firstly, an analytical solution for continuous and discontinuous contact cases of the problem has been realized using the theory of elasticity and Fourier integral transform techniques. Then, the problem modeled and two-dimensional analysis was carried out by using ANSYS package program based on FEM. Numerical results for initial separation distance and contact stress distributions between the FG layer and homogeneous half plane for continuous contact case; the start and end points of separation and contact stress distributions between the FG layer and homogeneous half plane for discontinuous contact case were provided for various dimensionless quantities including material inhomogeneity, distributed load width, the shear module ratio and load factor for both methods. The results obtained using FEM were compared with the results found using analytical formulation. It was found that the results obtained from analytical formulation were in perfect agreement with the FEM study.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2017

본 연구는 상호작용 시 유발되는 사회감성 중에 경쟁과 협력을 비접촉 센싱 방법으로 인식하고자 한다. 실험은 경쟁과 협력 상황으로 구분하여 패턴 맞추기 Task를 수행하였다. 데이터 수집은 상반신 영상을 통해 15 Hz 성분의 미동 데이터를 추출하였다. 미동 양과 변화량 그리고 미동의 동조성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 협력 보다 경쟁 시 미동 양과 변화량이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 동조성의 경우는 경쟁 보다 협력 시 동조성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 두 사람이 서로 경쟁 할 때는 이기기 위한 노력을 하고 협력 일 때는 서로 호흡을 맞추기 위한 노력을 하게 되어 움직임에 정도가 차이나는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 생체 반응에 의거한 비접촉식 센싱 방법을 통해 경쟁과 협력의 측정 가능성을 확인하는데 의의가 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.451-457
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• 2008

Flat Panel Display(FPD) is widely used a video display terminals to consumer products of LCD and PDP. The contamination and damage were affected by using the previous contact conveyor's method. In this paper, it analyzes the FPD deflection to develop the non-contact FPD transfer process using lift force. Each conveyor's equipment is called a horizontal conveyor, vertical conveyor and robot pick-up equipment. As result of an analysis of FPD panel's deflection, a robot pick-up equipment has performed according to under the present conditions like panel's weight and loaded glass to move FPD panel from one place to other places properly. Results of the analysis showed 0.474 mm, 0.424 mm and 1.237 mm. Those values are lower than a predicted optimum values : 2 mm for both horizontal and vertical conveyers; 5 mm for robot pick-up equipment. Therefore, those results verify each equipment have safety and reliability.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.196-202
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• 2002

In this work, we propose a new type of HDD suspension featuring shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator in order to prevent the contact between the slider and disk. The principal design parameters are obtained from the modal analysis using finite element analysis, and then the dynamic model is established to formulate the control scheme for Non-Contact Start/stop mode drive. Subsequently, a robust H$\_$$\infty$/ control algorithm is designed by integrating experimentally-Obtained SMA actuator dynamics to the proposed HDD suspension system. The controller is empirically realized and control results for the load/unload profiles are presented in time domain. In addition, the contact signal between the slider and disk is measured by the electrical resistance method.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.504-511
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• 2008

This paper proposes an ultrasonic measurement method for measurement of linear interfacial stiffness of contacting surface between two steel plates subjected to nominal compression pressures. Interfacial stiffness was evaluated by using shear waves reflected at contact interface of two identical solid plates. Three consecutive reflection waves from solid-solid surface are captured by pulse-echo method to evaluate the state of contact interface. A non-dimensional parameter defined as the ratio of their peak-to-peak amplitudes are formulated and used to calculate the quantitative stiffness of interface. Mathematical model for 1-D wave propagation across interfaces is developed to formulate the reflection and transmission waves across the interface and to determine the interfacial stiffness. Two identical plates are fabricated and assembled to form contacting surface and to measure interfacial stiffness at different states of contact pressure by means of bolt fastening. It is found from experiment that the amplitude of interfacial stiffness is dependent on the pressure and successfully determined by employing pulse-echo ultrasonic method without measuring through-transmission waves.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2012

We have developed a highly sensitive inspection technique based on an electron beam inspection for detecting the contact failure of a poly-Si plugged layer. It was difficult to distinguish the contact failure from normal landing plugs with high impedance. Normally, the thermal annealing method has been used to decrease the impedance of poly-Si plugs and this method increases the difference of charged characteristics and voltage contrast. However, the additional process made the loss of time and broke down the device characteristics. Here, the interval scanning method without thermal annealing was effectively applied to enhance the difference of surface voltage between well-contacted poly-Si plugs and incomplete contact plugs. It is extremely useful to detect the contact failures of non-annealed plug contacts with high impedance.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.2887-2893
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• 1996

Governing equations infrictional contact problems are introduced using variational inequality formulations which are regularized to overcome the diffculties of non-differentiability of the friction functional. Also finite element approximations and a priori error estimations are derived based on those formulations. Numerical simulations are performed illustrating the theoretical results.