• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.657-666
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to improve the quality of Korean traditional sauce products by producing short-term green gochujang with cheongyang pepper powder. To determine its antioxidant compounds and activities, we examined vitamin C, capsaicinoid, total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents, as well as electron-donating, SOD-like, ferrous ion-chelating, and nitrite-scavenging activities. Vitamin C content of short-term green gochujang was higher in CON-M than in the sample, whereas capsaicinoid content increased as the amount of cheongyang pepper powder increased. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, electron-donating activity, and nitrite-scavenging activity were higher in the sample than in CON-M, and the contents increased as the amount of meju powder increased. Green gochujang containing the highest amount of cheongyang pepper powder showed the highest SOD-like, and ferrous-ion chelating activities as well as superior nutrient contents, compared to red gochujang.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.512-519
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• 2013

The antioxidant activities of ethanolic extracts obtained from medicinal plants (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman, Pueraria lobata Ohwi, Portulaca oleracea Linne, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge var. typica Schneider, Euonymus alatus Apterus, Hovenia dulcis Thunberg, Prunus yedoensis Matsumura, Albizzia julibrissin Durazz., Chrysanthemum indicum Linne) were evaluated for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH radicals, nitrites, $Superoxide^-$ radicals, $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity, and reducing power. Antioxidant capacities were the highest in Prunus yedoensis Matsumura for DPPH radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$ $5.39{\mu}g/mL$), reducing power (2.72, $A_{700}$), and nitrite scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$ $167.94{\mu}g/mL$). Hovenia dulcis Thunberg and Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman were effective for their nitrite scavenging activities (over 90% at 1 mg/mL). The $Superoxide^-$ radical scavenging activity of Prunus yedoensis Matsumura ($IC_{50}$ $43.39{\mu}g/mL$) was stronger than tannic acid ($IC_{50}$ $46.51{\mu}g/mL$). Five samples (Prunus yedoensis Matsumura, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman, Hovenia dulcis Thunberg, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge var. typica Schneider, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) were effective for their $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity (more than 90% at 0.5 mg/mL). These results suggest that the ethanolic extracts of Prunus yedoensis Matsumura could be used as a functional ingredient in food products.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.362-367
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• 2003

Coriolus versicolor was grown in a defined synthetic liquid medium and citrus extracts, and the culture extracts were examined for antioxidant activity, nitrite scavenging activity, and in vitro anticancer activity against HeLa, PC-3, HepG2, and A-549 cells. Whereas the culture extracts obtained from the synthetic medium and the un-inoculated citrus extract showed 60 and 22％ of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenger activity, the culture extracts obtained from the citrus extracts medium exhibited antioxidant activity up to 89％. The nitrite scavenging activity of the culture extracts obtained from the citrus extracts medium and the synthetic liquid medium, and the un-inoculated citrus extract at pH 1.2 were up to 67, 55, and 34％, respectively. The culture extract obtained from the synthetic liquid medium inhibited the growth of HeLa, PC-3, HepG2, and A-549 up to 66, 23, 18, 10％ at 48 h of incubation, respectively; however, the culture extract obtained from the citrus extracts medium inhibited the growth of HeLa, PC-3, HepG2, and A-549 up to 75, 82, 55, and 82％, respectively. As a negative control, the un-inoculated citrus extract was examined in the same way and inhibited the growth of HeLa, PC-3, and HepG2 cells 20, 6, and 15％ at 48 h incubation, respectively; the inhibition of A-549 cell growth was negligible. These results clearly showed that the fermentation of C. versicolor in the citrus extracts rather than in the defined synthetic medium significantly enhanced the anticancer activity, antioxidant activity, and nitrite scavenging activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2019

In vitro antioxidant effect of 50% ethanol extract from Napier grass (Penninsetum purpureum) was investigated. The yield and polyphenol content of the Napier grass extract were $6.3{\pm}0.35%$ and $79.6{\pm}3.65{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents/mg-extract, respectively. Antioxidant ability of the Napier grass extract such as fee radical and cation radical scavenging activities, reducing power, nitrite scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity proportionally increased as concentration of the extract increased. $EC_{50}$ values of the Napier grass extract for free radical scavenging, cation radical scavenging, reducing power, and nitrite scavenging were 1,930.0, 350.0, 840.0, and $1,470.0{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. In the presence of $85.0{\mu}g/mL$ of the Napier grass extract, lipid peroxidation was potently inhibited by 74.6%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.942-947
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• 2005

This study was investigated to analyze the effect of extracts from the Lepista nuda, on the antioxidant activity to form a part of studies on the functional materials of L. nuda. Antioxidant activity of L. nuda extracts was evaluated by measuring the electron-donating ability (EDA), the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, and the nitrite-scavenging ability. The EDAs of water and ethanol extracts at the concentration of 1,000 ppm by the rotary heating method from L. nuda were $60.47\%$ and $60.13\%$, respectively and those of water and ethanol extracts by microwave-assisted method were $87.73\%$ and $84.84\%$, respectively. The measurements of SOD-like activity were in the range of $24.58\%\~42.03\%$ at 1,000 ppm. EDA and SOD were increased with the concentrations of extracts. The nitrite-scavenging ability at the concentration of 1,000 ppm was the highest and $29.77\%$ at pH 1.2, and was decreased with an increment of pH value. These results indicated that microwave­assisted water extract from L. nuda showed the highest activities on the EDA and nitrate-scavenging ability, while the rotary heating ethanol extract had the highest effect on the SOD-like activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.984-989
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts on lipid oxidation of oil emulsion. The results are as follows; The scavenging ability of plant extracts for hydroxyl radical was found, and plant extracts played an important role as a strong chelating agents to bind iron if Fe2+ ion exists in oil emulsion. Pinus densiflora(PD), Lithospermum erythrorhizon(LE) and PD＋LE acted as strong chelating agents to bind iron to reduce lipid oxidation in oil emulsion. The content of Fe2+ ion in ethanol extracts from LE and PD＋LE were significantly higher(p<0.05) than that of ethanol extracts from PD. The content of total iron has same tendency. The ascorbic acid content of PD(16.36ppm) was slightly higher than those of LE(13.08ppm). Electron donating ability of PD was significantly higher(p<0.05) than those of LE. However, the superoxide(SOD) like ability of LE showed a little higher than those of LE and PD＋LE, which means the strong antioxidant activity of LE. The nitrite scavenging effects were dependent on pH value, however, they decreased as pH value increased. Especially, they almost didn't show the nitrite scavenging effect in pH 6.0. In conclusion, the PD and LE extracts may be used as natural antioxidant sources to reduce lipid oxidation in oil emulsion.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.373-378
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• 2010

In order to obtain basic data for utilization of the aerial parts of Cnidium officinale Makino (APCO), the antioxidant properties of the aerial parts and rhizomes of C. officinale were measured using DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite scavenging assays. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction prepared from the aerial parts of APCO showed the strongest antioxidant activities, and contained high level of total phenolic compounds (325.81 mgTE/g) and flavonoids (259.16 mgRE/g). The concentrations for 50% reductions ($RC_{50}$) values of the DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite by the EA fraction of APCO were $11.27\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $14.34\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and $10.26\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. APCO exhibited approximately 3-9 times higher antioxidant activity than rhizomes of C. officinale. The antioxidant capacities of APCO were positively correlated with its total phenolic contents. Therefore, it was concluded that the aerial parts of C. officinale can be a useful and cost-effective source of natural antioxidant for food or cosmetics.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activity of extracts of black Panax ginseng (BGE) and its crude saponin (BGECS). The antioxidant activities of BGE and BGECS were evaluated for free radical scavenging activity against stable free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH, nitrite, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. In addition, the antioxidant activity of BGE and BGECS against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites were determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. As a result, BGE and BGECS were found to have a strong inhibitory activity with >90% against the DPPH radical at $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentrations. Also, BGE and BGECS exhibited strong inhibitory activity with >80% against hydrogen peroxide at lower concentration ($125{\mu}g/m{\ell}$). Moreover, specific TOSC values (405 and 473 TOSC/mM) of BGE and BGECS against peroxynitrites were higher than GSH (347 TOSC/mM) used a positive control. These results suggest that BGE and BGECS could be useful to develop functional foods against disease related oxidative stress.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.292-298
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• 2008

The antioxidant activities of Artemisia capillaris and Artemisia iwayomogi used as Injin (Korean herbal name) were investigated. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the ethylacetate fractions obtained from the Artemisia capillaris and Artemisia iwayomogi was higher than other fractions. No DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed in hexane frcations. The nitrite scavenging activity was the highest at pH 1.2, and the peroxide value for linoleic acid was increased during the incubation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.277-285
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• 2012

The purposes of this study were to determine phenolic compounds and to evaluate antioxidant activities of plums (Soldam, Oishiwase and Formosa). Soldam contains the highest amount of total phenolics among cultivars (Formosa: 4.0%, Oishiwase: 3.3%, Soldam: 6.4% for total phenolic) as well as the total flavonoids of which constituents were mainly myricetin and anthocyanidin. The antioxidant activities were measured by DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging, and SOD-like activities. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Korean plum extracts (200 ${\mu}g/mL$) showed more than 43%, and the Soldam turned out to be the highest : ID50 value: 160-177 ${\mu}g/mL$ for Formosa and Oishiwase; 58-64 ${\mu}g/mL$ for Soldam. The ABTS radical scavenging activity of Korean plum extracts (200 ${\mu}g/mL$) was found to be more than 50%. The SOD-like activity of Korean plum extracts (200 ${\mu}g/mL$) showed more than 70%. Among three kinds of cultivars, Soldam had the highest antioxidant activity. The nitrite scavenging activity of Soldam was 61.5%, which is the highest, compared with that of the other cultivars, about 50%. From these results, Korean plums turned out to be phytochemical rich fruit as well as to show high antioxidant activities.