• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2006

한국 토양에서 방선균주를 분리하고 화학 분류 및 16S rDNA 염기서열을 통하여 Streptomyces 속 균주임을 알아내고 Streptomyces sp. AO-0511로 명명하였다. 이 균주가 생산하는 herbimycin A 및 dihydroherbimycin A의 몇 가지 이화학적 성질과 생물 활성을 측정하였다. 두 물질은 모두 산성 조건에서 안정성을 나타냈으며, dihydroherbimycin A는 herbimycin A에 비해 상대적으로 높은 열 안정성을 지니며 극성 또한 높은 물질로서 TLC 상의 Rf간이 낮았다. Herbimycin A와 dihydroherbimycin A는 모두 Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 및 Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341에 대하여 약한 저해 활성을 나타내었고, 다른 미생물에 대해서는 저해 활성을 나타내지 앓았다. 항암 활성에 있어서 두 물질은 폐암 세포인 AS49세포와 백혈병 세포인 HL-60세포에 대해서 강력한 중식 저해 활성을 나타내었다. L5178Y및 P388세포를 사용하여 세포 독성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 두 물질은 대조 물질인 camptothecin에 비해서 항암 활성을 가지면서도 비교적 안전한 물질임을 알려 주고 있다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2013

Objective : The surgical approach for recurrent pituitary adenoma after trans-sphenoidal approach (TSA) is challenging. We report the outcomes of the endoscopic TSA for recurrent pituitary adenoma after microscopic TSA. Methods : From February 2010 to February 2013, endoscopic TSA was performed for removal of 30 recurrent pituitary adenomas after microscopic TSA. Twenty-seven (90%) patients had a clinically non-functioning pituitary adenoma. Twenty-four (80%) patients suffered from a visual disturbance related to tumor growth. The clinical features and surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed for the ophthalmological, endocrinological, and oncological aspects. Results : The mean tumor volume was 11.7 $cm^3$, and gross total resection was achieved in 50% of patients. The volumetric analysis based on the postoperative MR showed that the mean extent of resection rates were 90%. Vision was improved in 19 (79%) of 24 patients with visual symptoms, and endocrinological cure was achieved in all of three functioning pituitary adenomas; however, the post-operative follow-up endocrinological examination revealed a new endocrinological deficit in one patient. Two patients required antibiotics management for post-operative meningitis. Conclusion : The endoscopic TSA can be an effective treatment option for recurrent pituitary adenoma after microscopic TSA with acceptable outcome.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.117-120
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• 1999

해산 녹조류 참흩파래, Monostroma nitidum의 엽체를 효소처리하여 다량의 원형질체를 분리하였다. 최적 효소액의 조합은 $4\%$ R-10+$3\%$ Macerozyme R-10+$3\%$ Abalone acetone power로서 생체조직 300mg 당 $4.41\times10^6$개의 원형질체가 분리되었다. 원형질체의 수율은 효소처리 270분에 최대였다. 분리 직후의 원형질체는 구형으로 직경 $13\~33\mu$m의 크기였다. 분리된 원형질체는 0.4M mannitol을 함유한 f/2배지에서 배양한 후 매주 mannitol이 함유되지 않은 f/2 배지로 절반씩 교환함으로서 분화율을 높일 수 있었다. f/2배지를 사용한 적정 배양조건에서 원형질체는 배양 3일 후 새로운 세포벽을 형성하였으며 10일 후 발아하기 시작하여 엽체로 발달하였다. 항생물질의 배지내 첨가는 배양체의 분화를 저해하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2006

The antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts from 17 seaweeds was screened using a paper disc method and using three human skin pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Candia albicans. The serial extraction of Neorhodomela aculeata was also conducted using four different solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol) and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each extract was examined for the three pathogens. Of the 17 seaweeds, the MeOH extracts of Ulva conglobata, N. aculeata and Symphyocladia latiuscula showed antimicrobial activities. For the extracts from N. aculeata and S. latiuscula, the inhibition zones were more than 10 mm in diameter against S. aureus and S. epidermidis, and >7mm for C. albicans. The inhibition zone of U. conglobata treatment was about 8 mm for S. aureus only. The MIC of each N. aculeata extract ranged from 8 to 32 mg/mL against the three human skin pathogens, and the lowest value (8 mg/mL was with the methanol extract. These results suggest that the MeOH extract of N. aculeata might be useful for developing new antibiotics against human skin pathogens.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2008

Two sugar biosynthetic cassette plasm ids were used to direct the biosynthesis of a deoxyaminosugar. The pOTBP1 plasmid containing TDP-glucose synthase (desIII), TDP-glucose-4,6-dehydratase (desIV), and glycosyltransferase (desVII/desVIII) was constructed and transformed into S. venezuelae YJ003, a strain in which the entire gene cluster of desosamine biosynthesis is deleted. The expression plasmid pOTBP3 containing 4-aminotransferase (gerB) and 3,5-epimerase (orf9) was transformed again into S. venezuelae YJ003-OTBP1 to obtain S. venezuelae YJ003-OTBP3 for the production of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-L-glucose derivatives. The crude extracts obtained from S. venezuelae ATCC 15439, S. venezuelae YJ003, and S. venezuelae YJ003-OTBP3 were further analyzed by TLC, bioassay, HPLC, ESI/MS, LC/MS, and MS/MS. The results of our study clearly shows that S. venezuelae YJ003-OTBP3 constructs other new hybrid macrolide derivatives including 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-L-glycosylated YC-17 (3, [M+ $Na^+$] m/z=464.5), methymycin (4, m/z=480.5), novamethymycin (6, m/z=496.5), and pikromycin (5, m/z=536.5) from a 12-membered ring aglycon (10-deoxymethynolide, 1) and a 14-membered ring aglycon (narbonolide, 2). These results suggest a successful engineering of a deoxysugar pathway to generate novel hybrid macrolide derivatives, including deoxyaminosugar.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1654-1663
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• 2018

Finding a safe and broad-spectrum medication is a goal of scientists, pharmacists, and physicians, but developing and fabricating the right medicine can be challenging. The current study describes the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Fusarium mangiferae. It involves the antibiofilm activity of the nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus. It also involves cytotoxic effect against mammalian cell lines. Well-dispersed nanoparticles are formed by F. mangiferae. The sizes of the nanoparticles were found to range from 25 to 52 nm, and UV-Vis scan showed absorption around 416-420 nm. SEM, TEM, and AFM results displayed spherical and oval shapes. Furthermore, the FTIR histogram detected amide I and amide II compounds responsible for the stability of AgNPs in an aqueous solution. AgNPs were observed to decrease the formation of biofilm at 75% (v/v). DNA reducing, smearing, and perhaps fragmentation were noticed after treating the bacterial cells with 50% (v/v). Additionally, cell lysis was detected releasing proteins in the supernatant. It was also observed that the AgNPs have the ability to cause 59% cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) deaths at 25% (v/v), however, they showed about 31% toxicity against rat embryo fibroblast transformed cell lines (REF). The results of this study prove the efficiency of AgNPs as an antibiofilm against S. aureus, suggesting that AgNPs could be an alternative to antibiotics. It must also be emphasized that AgNPs displayed cytotoxic behavior against mammalian cell lines. Further studies are needed for assessing risk in relation to the possible benefit of prescribing AgNPs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.8.1-8.9
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• 2018

Background: Indiscriminate use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry farming has caused emergence of new pathogenic strains. The situation has warrented the development of safe and alternative growth promoters and immunity enhancers in livestock. Herbal additives in animal and bird feed is a centuries-old practice. Thus, the present study investigated the efficacy of a standardized formulation of lipophilic turmeric extract containing curcumin and turmerones, (TF-36), as a natural growth promoter poultry feed additive. Methods: The study was designed on 180 one-day old chicks, assigned into three groups. Control group ($T_0$) kept on basal diet and supplemented groups $T_{0.5}$ and $T_1$ fed with 0.5% and 1% TF-36 fortified basal diet for 42 days. Each dietary group consisted of six replicates of ten birds. Body weight, food intake, food conversion ratio, skin colour, blood biochemical analysis and antioxidant status of serum were investigated. Results: Body weight improved significantly in $T_1$ with a 10% decrease in FCR as compared to the control. TF-36 supplementation in $T_1$ enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity significantly (p < 0.05) with a decrease (p < 0.05) in lipid peroxidation. It also caused a slight yellow skin pigmentation without any change in meat color, indicating the bioavailability of curcumin from TF-36. However, no significant change in the concentration of serum creatinine, total protein and liver enzyme activities were observed, indicating the safety. Conclusion: In summary, we concluded that TF-36 can be a natural feed additive to improve growth performance in poultry, probably due to the better antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effects contributed by the better bioavailability of curcuminoids and turmerones. Besides, curcuminoids and turmerones were also known to be gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory agents.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2010

Purpose: Common complications of immediate breast reconstruction with implant are capsular contracture, malposition of implant, hematoma and seroma. Especially, the most severe complication is implant exposure caused by inflammation or necrosis of skin flap margin of mastectomy site. This article reports the experience of cases of salvage in such an exposure of implant. Methods: From July, 2002 to Feb., 2009, sixty-five patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction with implant were retrospectively analyzed. Exposure of implant was happened in 5 of 65 patients and they were treated at out patient district. Two of five patients were reconstructed with saline implnt and all of them underwent the enveloping of the implant with AlloDerm$^{(R)}$ and Serratus muscle flap. Remaning three patients were reconstructed with silicone implant and all of them underwent the enveloping of the implant with AlloDerm$^{(R)}$. Results: In the group of patients who underwent reconstruction with saline implant, implant exposure was found in one patient due to partial necrosis of the margin of skin flap and debridement and primary repair were done. In the other one patient, dressing with antibiotic ointment were done. And debridement and primary repair were proceeded. In the group of patients who underwent reconstruction with silicone implant, implant exposure was found in one patient. After removal of the implant, tissue expansion was done and a new silicone implant was inserted. Implant exposure were found in the other two patients, antibiotics ointment application and primarily repaired. Conclusion: It was the common knowledge that the exposed implant should be removed. But salvage of the exposed implants may be possible with proper treatment. Four of five patients (80%) with exposed breast implant were salvaged with conservative management.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.314-321
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• 2020

This study evaluated the applicability of UV-AOP process using medium-pressure UV lamp and H₂O₂ to remove TOC and emerging micropollutants in the effluent from a sewage treatment plant. The UV lamp with higher output(1.6~8.0 kW) showed slightly higher amount of power in removing TOC of 1 mg/L(0.09 kWh/mg/L~0.11 kWh/mg/L), however it was found that there was no significant difference for each cases. In addition, under the condition that the H₂O₂ concentration is sufficient, as the power consumption of the UV lamp increases, the unit TOC removal concentration per unit H₂O₂ decomposition concentration also increases, resulting in effective removal of TOC. The removal rate of 7 new trace contaminants, such as antibiotics by the UV-AOP tested, was at least 89.4%, and the ability to remove the emerging micro pollutants in the process was very effective. But, it was judged that it could not be excluded that the probablity of transforming to oxidated by-product in the case of a low TOC removal efficiency. Depending on the operating conditions of the UV and H₂O₂ processes, a higher BOD concentration is found in the treated water than in the influent, and it is necessary to review the UV power and proper injection conditions of H₂O₂ to maintain the BOD concentration increase below a certain level.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 1996

Purpose : In the treatment of MRSA infection, rapid detection of MRSA is extremely important. The mecA gene codes the new drug resistant polypeptides called PBP2' which mediates the clinically relevant resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics. The identical mecA gene has been found in coagulase-negative staphylococcus with the methicillin-resistant phenotype. On the other hand, the femA gene was absent from coagulase negative staphylococcus strains with the methicillin resistant phenotype. This study is aimed at early detection and definite diagnosis of MRSA. Methods : A total of 24 MRSA strains were studied. All strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and purified DNA. We amplified both mecA and femA genes by PCR in 24 strains. Results : In MRSA all the 16 strains (100%) carried femA gene and 11 strains (68.7%) carried mecA gene. In contrast, in methicillin sensitive staphylococcus all the 8 strains (100%) carried femA and only 3 strains (37.5%) were detected mecA. Conclusions : As results, there are difference in the phenotype and genotype of methicillin resistance by PCR of mecA and femA. Such disparities between methicillin resistance and the presence of mecA gene suggest the presence of control gene of the mecA.