• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Pressure ulcers are serious complications of tissue damage that can develop in patients with diminished pain sensation and diminished mobility. Pressure ulcers can result in irreversible tissue damage caused by ischemia resulting from external loading. There are many intrinsic and extrinsic contributors to the problem, including interface tissue pressure, shear, temperature, moisture, hygiene, nutrition, tissue tolerance, sensory and motor dysfunction, disease and infection, posture, and body support systems. The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between buttock interface pressure and seating position, wheelchair propulsion speed. Seated-interface pressure was measured using the Force Sensing Array pressure mapping system. Twenty subjects propelled wheelchair handrim on a motor-driven treadmill at different velocities (40, 60, 80 m/min) and seating position used recline ($100^{\circ}$, $110^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$) with a wheelchair simulator. Interface pressure consists of average (mean of the pressure sensor values) and maximum pressure (highest individual sensor value). The results of this study were as follows; No significant correlation in maximum/average pressure was found between a static position and a 40 m/min wheelchair propulsion (p>.05). However, a significant increase in maximum/average pressure were identified between conditions of a static position and 60 m/min, and 80 m/min wheelchair propulsion (p<.05). No significant correlation in maximum pressure were found between a $90^{\circ}$ recline (neutral position) and a $100^{\circ}$, $110^{\circ}$, or $120^{\circ}$ recline of the wheelchair back (p>.05). No significant difference in average pressure was found between conditions of a $90^{\circ}$ recline and both a $100^{\circ}$ and $110^{\circ}$ recline of wheelchair back. However, a significant reduction in average pressure was identified between conditions of a $90^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$ recline of wheelchair back (p<.05). This study has shown some interesting results that reclining the seat by $120^{\circ}$ reduced average interface pressure, including the reduction or prevention in edema. And interface pressure was greater during dynamic wheelchair propulsion compared with static seating. Therefore, the optimal seating position and seating system ought to provide postural control and pressure relief. We need an education on optimal seating position and a suitable propulsion speeds for wheelchair users.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.95-100
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• 2018

The Korea Convergence Society. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between alcohol consumption and periodontal diseases in Korea adults. The date from the 2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were used, and 4,328 subjects over 30 years were included in the analysis. Periodontal disease was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index. The adjusted odds ratio of drinking experience, drinking frequency, the drinking amount and the drinking duration were calculated from the logistic regression model with the never-drinkers as a reference group and the logistic model controlled for age, gender, education, and diabetes. This study found that the risk of periodontal disease according to the drinking status of adults over 30 years of age was 1.39 times (95% CI=1.01-1.90) higher than that of non-drinking group when the number of drinks consumed at one time was more than seven glasses. The frequency of binge alcohol consumption, amount of alcohol consumption and duration of alcohol consumption were significantly associated with the risk of periodontal disease in a dose-response pattern among over 30 years. Alcohol consumption was discovered to be a potential risk indicator for periodontitis. Dental practitioners need to be aware that patients who drink may be at higher risk of periodontitis and could benefit from advice to quit drinking and maintain regular dental visits.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.297-303
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• 2018

This study investigated the effect of community-based health intervention program to improve metabolic disease in Jeju island. There were 50 obese local residents in the experimental group (body mass index, $BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$). They participated in cooking therapy with nutrition education (4 times), exercise program with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and stretching training (9 times), and alternative medicine program with healing touch massage (3 times) during a 3-week period. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, body composition, blood lipid profiles, blood glucose, and waist circumference were assessed before and after the intervention program. After the program, the value of total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), diastolic blood pressure, percent body fat, and waist circumference were decreased, and became the normal value. Especially, HbA1C, percent body fat, and waist circumference were significantly decreased (P<0.001) in the experimental group, while HbA1C, percent body fat, and waist circumference were significantly increased (P<0.001) in the control group (N=50), who had no intervention. Our results suggest that metabolic syndrome associated markers need intervention program for improving them. In conclusion, although this study did not analyze the effect of the health intervention program and cooking therapy separately, considering the result of this 3-week, short term program, the effect will be more profuse if cooking therapy and exercise program were performed concurrently.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.203-215
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• 2019

This study was conducted to identify the utilization of public health centers, as well as the individual characteristics and regional characteristics that affect their utilization based on data from the 2016 Community Health Survey, National Statistical Portal, and National Institute of Environmental Research. Independent samples t-tests, variance analysis, and multiple logistic regression analysis were used for analysis. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze individual and regional characteristics. The results of hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that aged regions, women, older age individuals, respondents with lower education level and income level, walking practitioners, nutrition label readers, individuals experiencing depression, those who have received health checkups, those who are not covered by essential care, those who have spouses, and basic livelihood beneficiaries have increased use of public health centers. However, the use of public health centers decreased in stressors, and regions in which the population per 1,000, number of health care workers, health and welfare budget, fiscal independence, and unemployment rate were above the national average. As above, the central government and local governments need to analyze not only individual characteristics such as health behavior and psychological factors, but also regional characteristics, when establishing local health care policy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4437-4446
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to development and evaluate the effects of cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention program for taxi drivers on physiological variables(blood pressure, blood sugar, serum lipids) and physical variables(body fat, muscle endurance, cardiopulmonary endurance, balance). This study consisted of two phases: developing the program and evaluating its effectiveness. 1 phase, 321 taxi drivers investigated a health condition and a life habit and an educational need and developed a program with the ground which will reach. 2 phases, The effectiveness of the program was tested in October 2011, with 51 taxi driver. The experimental group was given 12 weeks period exercise 1 weeks 3 time, disease education 4 time, 2 nutrition consultations. Although there was no significant reduction in blood pressure, heart rate, blood sugar, serum lipids, there were statistically significant increases in muscle endurance (t=-7.62 p<.001), cardiopulmonary endurance (t=-3.39, p<.001), balance(t=-4.13, p<.001) and decreased body fat (t= -3.11, p<.015) in before compared to after. These findings suggest that an integrated cardiocerebro-vascular disease prevention program improves physical fitness.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.51-59
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• 2021

This study was undertaken to identify factors that influence high-risk drinking among women. Seventh National Health and Nutrition Survey data were used, and 3,453 women aged 19 or older were studied. Subjects were divided into general and high-risk drinking groups according to high-risk drinking rate indicators, and these groups were compared to identify demographic and sociological characteristics, differences in health-related characteristics, and factors associated with high-risk drinking. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25.0. The analysis showed 8.8% of the cohort were high-risk drinkers, and that rates of high-risk drinking were higher among women in their 20s to 30s, smokers, and those with experience of depression. In particular, smoking, and depression were associated with a 4.5 [(95% confidence interval (CI)=2.804-7.372, p<0.001)] and 7.0-fold [(95% CI=2.918-16.855, p<0.001)] increases in rates of high-risk drinking. In addition, the risk of high-risk drinking was high among 15- to 19-year-olds, which indicates an urgent need to develop and implement drinking education programs for women in adolescence and early adulthood. We expect the results of this study to be used to create health policies and health promotion programs aimed at reducing the high-risk drinking rate among women.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.468-473
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• 2008

Purpose : Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is still one of the most common nutrient deficiency disorders, despite improvements in general health and nutrition. This study was designed to investigate the diagnostic values of hematological profiles, including the level of ferritin, and to evaluate the knowledge of mothers on weaning practices for infants and young children with IDA. Methods : This study was conducted on 111 infants and young children from six to 40 months of age with IDA. Their parents completed a questionnaire. IDA was defined as a level of hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL, the presence of microcytosis, a level of ferritin <10.0 ng/dL, transferrin saturation <15%, or an 1 g/dL increase in the level of hemoglobin after iron administration. The questionnaire made inquiries into their weaning practices. Results : In 111 infants and young children aged from six to 40 months, the average level of Hb was $9.5{\pm}1.0g/dL$. The prevalence of ferritin level (>10 ng/dL) was 48.6%, in spite of IDA. Seventy-four infants (66.7%) began to wean between four and six months, and 37 infants (33.3%) after seven months of age. The main food given after weaning was rice gruel. The weaning periods showed a significant relationship to the severity of anemia (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the severity of anemia in terms of the educational levels of the mothers. Fifty-five mothers (49.5%) gave a wrong answer to a questionnaire describing that breast-fed infants aged over four months need to be fed with iron-sufficient food. Of all mothers, 49.6% took one month or more to complete the weaning process and 20% took three months or more. Conclusion : Many infants and young children with IDA have been provided with non-iron fortified foods and inadequate weaning. To improve nutritional status, especially among infants with iron deficiencies, nutritional education for mothers with infants at the weaning age must be increased and related programs must be implemented effectively.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.432-439
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• 2014

This study investigated the perception of employees in restaurants located in Seoul concerning climate change, food safety against climate change and performance of food safety management. The survey was administered to 535 respondents from June 10~13, 2013. Exactly 52.2% of respondents answered that knew of climate change, whereas 7.3% of respondents answered that they didn't know about climate change. 86.6% of respondents recognized that climate change affects food safety. Among food safety management performance, the highest score was observed for thoroughly cooked foods (more than 1 min at $74^{\circ}C$ as internal temperature of foods). For importance of role of operator, respondents recognized that 'confirming food safety guideline' and 'cleaning and disinfecting environment' were important. For 'whether have you seen the food safety guideline against climate change', 32.5% said 'yes' while 67.3% answered 'no' or 'don't know'. Based on these results, employees in restaurants generally recognize climate change and its relationship with food safety. However, food safety education and related guidelines need to be improved to provide related information.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.176-186
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• 2014

Objectives: As a sequel to the former analysis of the quality of life (QoL) among young-old and old-old in Korea, this research was aimed to identify factors related to the quality of life and the gender difference after controlling for the related factors among Korean elderly. Methods: Selected elderly data of 1,339 subjects from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2010 was analyzed. In this survey, QoL was measured using Euro Quality of Life (EQ-5D) instrument. Data were analyzed using complex survey data analysis on IBM-SPSS 20.0. The related factors were identified using general linear models with backward elimination. The gender difference was tested also using general linear models. Results: The distributions of educational level, family income level, and presence of cohabitant were different between male and female elderly in both young-old and old-old age group. So were the health behaviors and perceived health, and experience of stress, depression, and suicidal thoughts. QoL and its subscales- mobility, self care, daily living, pain and discomfort, and anxiety and depression- were consistently better among male elderly regardless of age group. Among the variables considered, education, family income level, presence of cohabitant, perceived health, age group and BMI were found to be related to the QoL at p=.05, and presence of chronic diseases at p=.10. The difference in QoL between male and female elderly after controlling for the variables was statistically significant. Conclusion: Improving QoL is particularly important for the elderly. In order to improve QoL of the elderly, age- and gender- differences need to be considered when developing services and programs for the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.978-985
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alcohol drinking on dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes among the university male students. The subjects were divided three group; no-alcohol group(n=83), alcohol group(n=78), and high-alcohol group(n=78).And they were observed general characteristics, life style, eating pattern, food frequency and nutrient intake using questionnaires. The mean age, height, weight and BMI of the subjects were 25.8$\pm$6.1 years old 171.5$\pm$5.4 cm, 63.4$\pm$9.7 kg and 2.3$\pm$2.8/kg/$m^2$, respectively. The types of residence and person who prepares meals were significantly different among the groups: the frequency of self-boarding and preparing meals oneself in high-alcohol group were higher than in other two groups. The frequency of physical exercise and cigarette smoking in high-alcohol group were higher than in other two groups. There were no significant differences in skipping meals among three groups. However, the most common reson why high-alcohol group skipped meals was due to a eating habit, while a lack of time in other two groups. The results show that the high-alcohol group tended to eat more often instant ramien, soybean sprout, anchovy, and coffee compared to the other two groups. The energy intakes in alcohol and high-alcohol groups were lower than those in no-alcohol group. In conclusion, high-alcohol students have unhealthy dietary behaviors in the light of high frequency of cigarette smoking, eating habit of skipping meals and instant foods, and therefore showing a strong need of proper education in alcohol withdrawal and meal management for them.