• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is that the protective effects of habmayou on acetaminophen (AP)-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated in mice. Methods : Before administering AP mice supplied with only water were left alone for 18 hours. after concentration and dissolution in poly ethylglycol AP 400mg per 1kg of mouse weight, we injected AP titrated density with a physiological saline solution into the abdominal cavity of mouse to induce hepatotoxicity. we researched mortality rate and the shape of liver tissue of mouse. Results : Treatment with habmayou (250 mg/kg, p.o.) 0.5 h after AP administration significantly prevented an increase in plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and AP-induced hepatic necrosis, and also reduced AP-induced mortality from 46% to 0%. In addition, oral treatment with habmayou significantly prevented AP-induced depletion of glutathione (GSH) contents. However, habmayou treatment, by itself, did not affect hepatic GSH contents. Conclusion : These results show that the hepatoprotective effects of habmayou against AP overdose may be due to its ability to block the bioactivation of AP by regeneration of hepatonecrotic cells.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 1997

Resistance to combination chemotherapy remains challenge in the treatment of osteosarcoma. One of the mechanisms of multiple drug resistance is an increased expression of the multidrug resistance gene(mdr1). Expression of the P-glycoprotein(mdr-1 gene product) was studied immunohistochemically and the mdr-1 gene by in situ hybridization in 33 osteosarcomas relating to various prognostic factors. Thirty cases out of 33 osteosarcomas(90.9%) showed positive cytoplasmic reactions with P-glycoprotein and nineteen instances(57.6%) were strong positive(2+). The older(>20 years) and female patients revealed more intense immunohistochemical reactions rather than those of the younger and male patients. Osteoblastic and chondroblastic osteosarcomas revealed more strong immunohistochemical reactions compared to fibroblastic types. There were no significant staining differences between the type of bony involvement, Broder's grade and the presence of necrosis. On follow-up, the mean survival rate was decreased in the strong positive group, however, this was not statistically significant. In situ hybridization for mdr-1 gene revealed positive signals in 22 cases out of 29 osteosarcomas(75.9%). Chemotherapy was done in 15 cases out of 28 patients(53.6%). The results of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were not correlated with the protocols for chemotherapy. However, this result should be confirmed by a larger scale study about mdr1 mRNA expression.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.659-666
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• 1996

The treatment of complete avulsed teeth due to traumatic injuries is replantation procedure. The major complication of replantation are pulp necrosis, ankylosis, and root resorption. It is important to maintain the vitality of periodontal ligament to minimize the complications. The purpose of this case report is to consider the facts that affect the success rate and the prognosis of complete avulsed teeth after replantation. All of these cases had different conditions and transport media. The following results were observed: 1. The successive treatment of complete ayulsed teeth requires the maintainance of vitality of periodontal ligament. 2. The complication of replantation are inflammatory root resorption and ankylosis and in such case, proper endodontic treatment using calcium hydroxide medications and periodic observations are needed. 3. In case of delayed replantation, the use of fluoride and root planning procedure can help to achieve better result. 4. It is more esthetic and functional to maintain the avulsed tooth in mouth.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.4
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• pp.452-457
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• 2008

In order to develop an efficient micropropagation technique effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) affecting on shoot proliferation from shoot apex in Pyrus ussuriensis was tested. Generally, there was no conspicuous effect on shoot induction by the treatment of PGRs and one or two shoots/explant were induced when cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA and/or BA plus NAA. Both apical shoot necrosis and hyperhydric shoots were observed frequently in multiplied shoots, and callus was formed at the basal part of shoots. About 20% spontaneous rooting was achieved in growing shoots, however the proliferated shoots exhibited poor rooting rate in gelrite supported media. When we tried to ex vitro rooting of the shoot cutting, the shoot cuttings rooted up to 50% with 100 mg/L IBA application. The rooted plantlets grew normally after acclimatization in the greenhouse.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1585-1591
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• 2010

A comprehensive study on the production of inflammatory mediators in the lungs of BALB/c mice following infection with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was conducted. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), and interleukin-1${\beta}$ (IL-1${\beta}$) were raised in the lungs of infected mice compared with control. The production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was slightly delayed. Its peak level was on the $2^{nd}$ day, whereas the peak of pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed on day 1 after intranasal challenge. This was accompanied by a rise in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) on day 1. The increase in MPO levels matched with histopathological observations, as neutrophils infiltration was detected on the first day. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) obtained from infected animals showed a higher rate of uptake and killing when exposed to bacteria in vitro, compared with similar experiments conducted with AMs from normal mice (control). This suggests that AMs were more efficient in cleaning the bacteria. The nitric oxide (NO) production however started early during infection but reached its maximum on the $3^{rd}$ day. No mortality was observed among the infected animals, and infection was resolved by the $5^{th}$ day post infection. No drastic changes in the lung tissue were observed on histopathological examination.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2009

Purpose: Excessive apocrine gland secretion and bacterial decomposition cause axillary osmidrosis, which results in physical discomforts and social problems of patients. Many surgical procedures have been introduced such as skin excision and simple closure, local flap, skin graft, subcutaneous shaving and liposuction method, but the result was not satisfactory to patients and several complications, such as symptom recurrence, hematoma, seroma, delayed wound healing, skin flap necrosis and scarring remain as problems. Methods: For the purpose of reducing these problems, we employed combination treatment of liposuction and rasping method. From January 2006 to February 2008, Total 54 patients were treated with this procedure for bilateral axillary osmidrosis. Results: Follow - up evaluation period was from 2 months to 12 months, and the results were satisfactory. In our method, the length of skin incision is less than 1 cm, so the resultant scar is negligible. Apocrine glands in subcutaneous tissue were mostly removed by liposuction apparatus and remained other glands in subdermal area were mostly removed by rasping. The recurrence rate and postoperative complication were minimal. Conclusion: Our method is very simple, short operation time and excellent results without specific complication.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.139-142
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• 1998

BCG osteomyelitis is rare comlication and the incidence rate has been estimated to be 1/milion vaccinated neonate and infants. BCG osteomyelitis is also reported as a complication of intravesical BCG treatment for bladder carcinoma. We had experienced a 14 months old infant who presented swelling, tenderness and redness on left upper arm suspicious due to BCG vaccination. The MRI finding showed $2{\times}4{\times}4cm$ subcutaneous abscess with cortical defect on proximal humerus and axillary lymph adenopathy. The histologic finding showed diffuse caseous necrosis and Langhans type giant cell. We report A case of BCG osteomyelitis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2014

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute mucocutaneous disorder involving the skin, mouth, eyes, and genital organs. It is classified into EM minor and EM major according to the involvement of the mucosal membrane. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN) belong to EM major. Compared to EM minor, SJS presents with more severe and progressive symptoms, and has a higher mortality rate. Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of EM. We report three cases of EM (two cases of EM minor and one case of SJS) that developed during treatment with oral corticosteroid (deflazacort; $Calcort^{(R)}$) in children with nephrotic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2018

Herein, we report a case of badgers showing high morbidity and mortality rate due to the mixed infection of canine distemper virus (CDV) and Streptococcus canis (S. canis) in a farm where wild animal, badger, is being reared for herbal medicine. During the period of about one month, 120 out of 320 badgers showed severe respiratory symptoms and died, and 3 bodies were submitted to the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency for disease diagnosis. The lung with the most severe necropsy findings failed to collapse and showed dark reddening and had yellowish nodules on the cut surface. The characteristic and common histopathologic findings include multifocal necrosis with hemorrhage of the lung, severe lymphoid depletion of the spleen and intracytoplasmic or intranuclear inclusion bodies in almost all organs. Finally, CDV and S. canis were identified by immunohistochemistry and bacterial isolation, respectively. This is the first mixed infection case of CDV and S. canis in badgers being raised on the farm.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.3 s.138
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• pp.229-232
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• 2004

Chronical intake of alcohol can cause alcoholic fatty liver. Fatty liver is caused by fat infiltration: the state of high rate of fat in liver cells and by losing the balance between the synthesis and the secretion of fatty acid. It could be developed into liver necrosis and cirrhosis. Ka-Mi-Chung-Gan-Tang (KMCGT) is a decoction used for fatty liver as oriental medicines in China. The prescription is composed of Ginseng Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Pinelliae Tuber, Artemisiae capillaris Herba, Gardeniae Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Zizyphi Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix etc. We have induced alcoholic fatty liver by ethanol administration (6 g/kg, single dose/day, for a week) on rats and observed changes of triglyceride, cholesterol and lipid peroxidation in liver tissues of them. Also we checked the activities of GOT and GPT in blood of rats. KMCGT inhibited significantly the increase of triglyceride, cholesterol, lipid peroxidation level and effectively the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA).