• Title/Summary/Keyword: natural moisturizing factors

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A Study on the Design of Stearic Acid-Based Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for the Improvement of Artificial Skin Tissue Transmittance of Serine (Serine 의 인공피부조직 투과 개선을 위한 Stearic Acid 기반 고형지질나노입자의 설계 연구)

  • Yeo, Sooho
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.47 no.2
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    • pp.179-184
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    • 2021
  • Stratum corneum known as a skin barrier, which maintains water in skin, is the outer layer of the skin. Natural moisturizing factors (NMF) are one of the constituents in stratum corneum and amino acids are the highest components among NMF. In this study, we designed stearic acid-based solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for improved skin penetration of serine (Ser). Ser-capsulated SLN was manufactured by double-melting emulsification method. The mean particle size and zeta potential of SLNs were 256.30 ~ 416.93 nm and -17.60 ~ -35.27 mV, respectively. The higher the degree of hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of emulsifiers, the smaller the particle size and the higher the stability and capsulation rate. In addition, skin penetration was conducted using SkinEthicTM RHE which is one of the reconstructed human epidermis models. The results of Ser penetration demonstrated that all SLNs enhanced than serine solution. The amount of enhanced Ser penetration from SLNs were approximately 4.1 ~ 6.2 times higher than that from Ser solution. Therefore, Ser-loaded SLN might be a promising drug delivery system for moisturizing formulation in cosmeceutical.

Combined Skin Moisturization of Liposomal Serine Incorporated in Hydrogels Prepared with Carbopol ETD 2020, Rhesperse RM 100 and Hyaluronic Acid

  • Kim, Hyeongmin;Ro, Jieun;Barua, Sonia;Hwang, Deuk Sun;Na, Seon-Jeong;Lee, Ho Sung;Jeong, Ji Hoon;Woo, Seulki;Kim, Hyewon;Hong, Bomi;Yun, Gyiae;Kim, Joong-Hark;Yoon, Young-Ho;Park, Myung-Gyu;Kim, Jia;Sohn, Uy Dong;Lee, Jaehwi
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.543-547
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    • 2015
  • We investigated the combined moisturizing effect of liposomal serine and a cosmeceutical base selected in this study. Serine is a major amino acid consisting of natural moisturizing factors and keratin, and the hydroxyl group of serine can actively interact with water molecules. Therefore, we hypothesized that serine efficiently delivered to the stratum corneum (SC) of the skin would enhance the moisturizing capability of the skin. We prepared four different cosmeceutical bases (hydrogel, oil-in-water (O/W) essence, O/W cream, and water-in-oil (W/O) cream); their moisturizing abilities were then assessed using a $Corneometer^{(R)}$. The hydrogel was selected as the optimum base for skin moisturization based on the area under the moisture content change-time curves (AUMCC) values used as a parameter for the water hold capacity of the skin. Liposomal serine prepared by a reverse-phase evaporation method was then incorporated in the hydrogel. The liposomal serine-incorporated hydrogel (serine level=1%) showed an approximately 1.62~1.77 times greater moisturizing effect on the skin than those of hydrogel, hydrogel with serine (1%), and hydrogel with blank liposome. However, the AUMCC values were not dependent on the level of serine in liposomal serine-loaded hydrogels. Together, the delivery of serine to the SC of the skin is a promising strategy for moisturizing the skin. This study is expected to be an important step in developing highly effective moisturizing cosmeceutical products.

Study on the Relationship between Skin Dryness and Amino Acids in Stratum Corneum (아미노산 동시분석을 통한 피부보습능과 각질 중 아미노산 함량과의 상관관계 연구)

  • Joo, Kyung-Mi;Han, Ji-Yeon;Son, Eui-Dong;Nam, Gae-Won;Jeong, Hye-Jin;Lim, Kyung-Min;Cho, Jun-Cheol
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2012
  • Natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) are hydrophilic and water-soluble components in stratum corneum of the skin. NMFs absorb water from outer environment and enhance the water-holding capacity of stratum corneum and thereby, prevent the dryness and increase flexibility and plasticity of skin. NMFs are mainly composed of amino acids and their metabolites that are produced from the degradation of filaggrin. Here we established a simultaneous quantification method for 22 amino acids in tape-stripped stratum corneum samples using UPLC-PDA. With this method, we analyzed amino acid contents from tape-stripped stratum corneum samples of forearm and forehead regions from 15 healthy volunteers. Amino acid contents of inner (or upper) region were higher than outer (or lower) region of stratum corneum. Amino acid contents of stratum corneum of forearm were higher by 1.5 fold than forehead region. Of note, total amino acid contents were significantly and inversely correlated with trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), an index for skin barrier function. Especially, Ser, Glu, Gly, Ala and Thr were determined to positively affect skin mositurizing activities. In conclusion, we could demonstrate that amino acid contents of stratum corneum are closely linked with skin barrier and moisturizing function, providing an important and fundamental methodology for the study of amino acids in skin physiology.

A Study for Polyol-in-Oil Type Lip Makeup Cosmetics with Natural Pigments (천연색소를 함유하는 유중폴리올(Polyol-in-Oil) 립메이크업 제품에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Dong Won;Kim, Young Ho;Jung, Eun Ji;Lee, Sang Gil;Pyo, Hyeong Bae
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.65-73
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    • 2013
  • Lip make-up products can be easily taken into body with food. For this reason, those products are requires to meet lots of qualifications compared with other cosmetic products. In addition, concerns about safety on synthesized tar pigments is constantly issued. Thus, demand of natural pigments is gradually increased and many kinds of natural pigments have been developed. However, there are some problems when natural pigments are applied to cometic products instead of synthetic ones. There is a reason that most of natural pigments consist of hydrophilic materials of sort of anthocyanin, but the existing lip make-up products is anhydrous oil dispersion type without water consisting oil and wax. Therefore, when watersoluble natural pigments are applied to anhydrous lip make-up products, color expression is lower and phase separation occurs due to the instability of the product. In addition, natural pigments have disadvantages that they can easily change by pH, heat and sunlight. There are troubles of stability because it is not easy to adjust for these factors in case of anhydrous forms. Aim of study is to develop lip make-up products which have not only safe to human but being high in expression of color by using natural pigments and securing stability of colorant as natural pigments are offered to polyol in oil emulsion. Then, lip make-up products which have heavy moisture while having not dryness that is created when the moisture evaporates are developed.

Dietary effect of green tea extract on hydration improvement and metabolism of free amino acid generation in epidermis of UV-irradiated hairless mice (자외선 조사와 병행된 녹차추출물 식이공급이 무모생쥐의 표피보습 개선 및 유리아미노산 생성 관련 대사에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Sumin;Shin, Jihye;Lee, Bomin;Cho, Yunhi
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.49 no.5
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    • pp.269-276
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation decreases epidermal hydration, which is maintained by reduction of natural moisturizing factors (NMFs). Among various NMFs, free amino acids (AA) are major constituents generated by filaggrin degradation. This experiment was conducted to determine whether or not dietary supplementation of green tea extract (GTE) in UV-irradiated mice can improve epidermal levels of hydration, filaggrin, free AAs, and peptidylarginine deiminase-3 (PAD3) expression (an enzyme involved in filaggrin degradation). Methods: Hairless mice were fed a diet of 1% GTE for 10 weeks in parallel with UV irradiation (group UV+1%GTE). As controls, hairless mice were fed a control diet in parallel with (group UV+) or without (group UV-) UV irradiation. Results: In group UV+, epidermal levels of hydration and filaggrin were lower than those in group UV-; these levels increased in group UV+1% GTE to levels similar to group UV-. Epidermal levels of PAD3 and major AAs of NMF, alanine, glycine and serine were similar in groups UV- and UV+, whereas these levels highly increased in group UV+1% GTE. Conclusion: Dietary GTE improves epidermal hydration by filaggrin generation and degradation into AAs.

Optimization of Streptococcus macedonicus MBF10-2 Lysate Production in Plant-based Medium by Using Response Surface Methodology

  • Andyanti, Dini;Dani, Fatin M.;Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo;Sahlan, Muhamad;Malik, Amarila
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.47 no.2
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    • pp.220-233
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    • 2019
  • Bacterial lysates have become a common ingredient for natural health care. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could serve as potential candidates for lysate production: the lactic acids produced by LAB have been utilized for their moisturizing, antimicrobial, and rejuvenating effects, while other substances provide topical benefits and health effects for the skin. Our study aimed to obtain lysate from a LAB S. macedonicus MBF 10-2 through an optimized fermentation using the Response Surface Methodology. Strain MBF10-2 was cultivated in a 2L fermenter tank in de Man Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium and in plant-based peptone modified MRS, i.e. Soy-peptone and Vegitone. The duration and the medium composition (dextrose and soy peptone or proteose peptone) were adjusted to obtain an optimum production of cell lysate. Central Composite Design was employed for Design Expert 7.0.0 by adjusting 3 factors: dextrose (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%), soy or proteose peptone (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25% and 1.5%), and duration of fermentation (8, 10, 12 14, and 16 h for MRS-Soy peptone and 15, 17, 19, 21, and 23 h for MRS Vegitone). Bacteriocin-Like Inhibitor Substance activity of lysate and pH were used as indicators. The optimum condition for lysate production using MRS Soy Peptone and Vegitone are as follows: dextrose concentration 2.5%, plant-based peptone 1.25%, while optimum fermentation duration were 11.18 h (MRS Soy Peptone) and 17 h (MRS Vegitone) with a starter concentration of 10% at $OD_{600nm}$ $0.2{\pm}0.05$. However, the standard MRS medium produced better quality lysate compared to MRS plant-based peptones.

Skin Brightening Effect of Gel Essence Containing High Concentrated-Marine Minerals in Silicon Copolyol Network Film in vivo (고농도의 미네랄을 실리콘 네트워크 필름에 포집한 젤 에센스 제형의 피부 밝기 개선 효과)

  • Kim, Sun-Kyong;Kim, Young-So;Joo, Kyung-Mi;Kim, Eun-Joo;Lee, Ji-Eun;Chae, Byung-Gun;Cho, Jun-Cheol;Han, Sang-Hoon
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 2011
  • Since minerals are in ionic forms in aqueous phase (like deep sea water), it is very hard to incorporate concentrated minerals in gel like cosmetic formulations which are generally composed of carbomer or acrylates polymer. In this study, we invented a salt-resistant network formulation made of silicon copolyol. It was found that the network formulation traps minerals (especially from marine) in a mesh-like silicone copolyol structure. Since the mineral-containing formulation makes a very thin film on the skin, minerals could be easily absorbed into stratum corneum. In 6 weeks in vivo test, it was found that the novel mineral formulation increased the amounts of amino acids, major components of natural moisturizing factors (NMFs), as well as levels of minerals. It was also found that the moisture contents and the brightness of the skin increased.

Inhibitory effect of Mojaban (Sargassum fulvellum) extract on ultraviolet B-induced photoaging in hairless mouse skin (무모 마우스 피부에서 모자반 추출물의 자외선비(ultraviolet B)에 의해 유도된 광노화 억제 효과)

  • Rhim, Dong-Bin;Kim, Changhee;Hwang, Jae-Kwan
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.52 no.5
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    • pp.467-475
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    • 2020
  • Ultraviolet radiation is a major cause of photoaging, characterized by wrinkle formation and skin dehydration. Mojaban (Sargassum fulvellum), belonging to the brown algae of the Sargassaceae family, exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-atopic activities. Particularly, Mojaban extract alleviated ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced inflammatory responses in human keratinocytes and BALB/c mice. Here, the dorsal skin of hairless mice was exposed to UVB for photoaging. The mice were administrated 300 mg/kg Mojaban extract (S. fulvellum extract; SFE) daily. Phenotypically, SFE reduced wrinkle formation and epidermal thickness and increased skin elasticity. SFE increased hydroxyproline content by upregulating the expression of collagen-related genes and downregulating matrix metalloproteinase expression. Furthermore, SFE increased skin moisture content and inhibited transepidermal water loss. SFE upregulated the expression of involucrin, loricrin, and transglutaminase for cornified envelope formation as well as the expression of filaggrin and caspase-14 for natural moisturizing factors. Collectively, SFE may be employed as a nutraceutical ingredient for anti-photoaging.

A Study on the Growth Diagnosis and Management Prescription for Population of Retusa Fringe Trees in Pyeongji-ri, Jinan(Natural Monument No. 214) (진안 평지리 이팝나무군(천연기념물 제214호)의 생육진단 및 관리방안)

  • Rho, Jae-Hyun;Oh, Hyun-Kyung;Han, Sang-Yub;Choi, Yung-Hyun;Son, Hee-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.115-127
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    • 2018
  • This study was attempted to find out the value of cultural assets through the clear diagnosis and prescription of the dead and weakness factors of the Population of Retusa Fringe Trees in Pyeongji-ri, Jinan(Natural Monument No. 214), The results are as follows. First, Since the designation of 13 natural monuments in 1968, since 1973, many years have passed since then. In particular, despite the removal of some of the buried soil during the maintenance process, such as retreating from the fence of the primary school after 2010, Second, The first and third surviving tree of the designated trees also have many branches that are dead, the leaves are dull, and the amount of leaves is small. vitality of tree is 'extremely bad', and the first branch has already been faded by a large number of branches, and the amount of leaves is considerably low this year, so that only two flowers are bloomed. The second is also in a 'bad'state, with small leaves, low leaf density, and deformed water. The largest number 1 in the world is added to the concern that the s coverd oil is assumed to be paddy soils. Third, It is found that the composition ratio of silt is high because it is known as '[silty loam(SiL)]'. In addition, the pH of the northern soil at pH 1 was 6.6, which was significantly different from that of the other soil. In addition, the organic matter content was higher than the appropriate range, which is considered to reflect the result of continuous application for protection management. Fourth, It is considered that the root cause of failure and growth of Jinan pyeongji-ri Population of Retusa Fringe Trees group is chronic syndrome of serious menstrual deterioration due to covered soil. This can also be attributed to the newly planted succession and to some of the deaths. Fifthly, It is urgent to gradually remove the subsoil part, which is estimated to be the cause of the initial damage. Above all, it is almost impossible to remove the coverd soil after grasping the details of the soil, such as clayey soil, which is buried in the rootstock. After removal of the coverd soil, a pestle is installed to improve the respiration of the roots and the ground with Masato. And the dead 4th dead wood and the 5th and 6th dead wood are the best, and the lower layer vegetation is mown. The viable neck should be removed from the upper surface, and the bark defect should undergo surgery and induce the development of blindness by vestibule below the growth point. Sixth, The underground roots should be identified to prepare a method to improve the decompression of the root and the respiration of the soil. It is induced by the shortening of rotten roots by tracing the first half of the rootstock to induce the generation of new roots. Seventh, We try mulching to suppress weed occurrence, trampling pressure, and soil moisturizing effect. In addition, consideration should be given to the fertilization of the foliar fertilizer, the injection of the nutrients, and the soil management of the inorganic fertilizer for the continuous nutrition supply. Future monitoring and forecasting plans should be developed to check for changes continuously.

The Dietary Effect of Royal Jelly Supplementation on Epidermal Levels of Filaggrin and Free Amino Acids during Menopause in Rats (폐경기 노화 유도 전후의 로얄제리 식이공급이 백서 표피의 필라그린과 유리아미노산 함량 및 관련 대사 효소의 단백질 발현 변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Yeaji;Han, Sang-Mi;Cho, Yunhi
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.389-396
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    • 2013
  • Epidermal hydration is mainly maintained by natural moisturizing factors (NMFs). Of these various NMFs, free amino acids (AAs) are major constituents generated by filaggrin degradation. The reduction of these AAs has been reported in aging skin induced during menopause. In this study, we examined whether the dietary supplementation of royal jelly (RJ) during the pre- and post-menopausal period alters epidermal levels of filaggrins, free AAs, and peptidylarginine deiminase-3 (PAD-3) (an enzyme involved in filaggrin degradation processes). Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: groups fed a control diet for 12 weeks, in which an ovariectomy (OVX) or sham operation (SHAM) were underwent at week 4; groups fed a diet with 1% RJ harvested in different area of Korea (RJ1 and RJ2); and a group fed a diet with isoflavone (IF), the typical functional food for menopause prevention, for 4 weeks before and 8 weeks after an ovariectomy operation. In the epidermis of group OVX, total filaggrins (including profilaggrin and filaggrin) were reduced; these levels in groups RJ1 and IF were similar or less than in group OVX. However, total AAs, which showed no apparent difference between groups SHAM and OVX, were highly increased in groups RJ1 and IF. Specifically, aspartate (Asp) and proline (Pro), the major AAs in functioning NMF, were highly increased in group RJ1. Although total filaggrins, profilaggrin, filaggrin and PAD3 increased, total AAs (including Asp and Pro) in group RJ2 were modest or less than in group RJ1. The PAD3 alteration was not apparent among the four other groups. Taken together, we demonstrate that the diet supplementation of RJ1 enhanced filaggrin degradation (but not through the increased protein expression of PAD3), and increased total AAs, Asp and Pro. RJ1 could be a dietary supplementation for preventing the skin aging induced during menopause.