• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2010

Hydrogels are thought to be a promising delivery carrier for protein drugs because of their favorable aqueous environment compared with nano/micro-particles of hydrophobic polymer such as PLGA. In this study, nano-sized hydrogels (nanogels) were fabricated using inverse-miniemulsion polymerization method. The mean size of nanogels in range of 90-160nm and affected by the preparation parameters such as sonication time and concentration of monomer. While longer sonication time and lower concentration of acrylamide monomer showed a tendency to produce smaller nanogels and to have lower lysozyme activity, variation of bis-methylene acrylamide concentration made no difference. Although both longer soncaton time and lower acrylamide concentration increased in vitro release rate, acrylamide concentration was more effectively affected to the control of protein release rate, which indicated that the release rate of protein from nanogels affected by not only their size but also internal structure. In conclusion, nanogels prepared by inverse-miniemulsion can be a useful carrier for application of protein drug, because of simple process, minimum contact of organic solvent and high protein activity.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.93-97
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• 2014

Biodegradable drug-eluting stent has dual functions of supporting the lumen and treating internal tumor preventing the restenosis by releasing drug. In this study, the polycaprolactone (PCL) based three dimensional (3D) mesh loaded with paclitaxel (PTX) was presented by rapid prototyping (RP) technique of solid freeform fabrication (SFF) for biodegradable drug-eluting stent application. PCL has many advantageous properties such as good biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and good drug permeability. PTX is widely used in the cancer treatment by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. Analytical methods of HPLC and NMR were used for simultaneous quantification of PTX. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to observe the architecture and morphologies of 3D mesh. The cytotoxicity assay results indicated released PTX's biological activity. This study provided that PCL based 3D mesh loaded with PTX by RP technique has great potential for biodegradable drug-eluting stent application.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.247-259
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• 2023

Muscle strength and hypertrophy are equivalent when low-intensity resistance exercise is paired with blood flow restriction. This paper deals with the impact of physical exercise in the form of body activities on drug delivery using nanodevices. The body's actions impact the blood flow since the nano drug delivery devices are released into the bloodstream, and physical exercise and all the activities that change the blood flow influence the stability of these nanodevices. The nanodevice for the drug delivery purpose is modeled via nonuniform tube structures based on the high-order beam theory along with the nonlocal strain gradient theory. The nanodevice is made by a central nanomotor as well as two nanoblade in the form of truncated conical nanotubes carrying the nanomedicine. The mathematical simulation of rotating nanodevices is numerically solved, and the effect of various parameters on the stability of nanodevices has been studied in detail after the validation study.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.179-184
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• 2011

This study aimed to confirm the effect of molecular weight (MW) in solid dispersion of carvedilol with poly-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of various MW. Solid dispersion of carvedilol with PVP was prepared by spray-drying method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the surface of solid dispersion samples. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the crystalline of solid dispersion. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to analyze the change of chemical structure characteristic of solid dispersion. DSC and XRD show that drug crystalline was changed. FT-IR revealed that chemical structure of solid dispersion comparing the chemical structure of drug was changed. The dissolution studies of solid dispersion presented at simulated gastric juice (pH 1.2). The dissolution rate of solid dispersion was dramatically enhanced than pure drug and the MW of PVP has an effect on the release property of carvedilol in solid dispersion. In conclusion, the present study has confirmed the effect of MW of PVP on release property of solid dispersion formulation of carvedilol with PVP.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2012

While the ability to develop nanomaterials and incorporate them into products is advancing rapidly worldwide, understanding of the potential health safety effects of nanomaterials has proceeded at a much slower pace. Since 2008, Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) started an investigation to prepare "Strategic Action Plan" to evaluate safety and nano risk management associated with foods, drugs, medical devices and cosmetics using nano-scale materials. Although there are some studies related to potential risk of nanomaterials, physical-chemical characterization of nanomaterials is not clear yet and these do not offer enough information due to their limitations. Their uncertainties make it impossible to determine whether nanomaterials are actually hazardous to human. According to the above mention, we have some problems to conduct the human exposure risk assessment currently. On the other hand, uncertainty about safety may lead to polarized public debate and to businesses unwillingness for further nanotechnology investigation. Therefore, the criteria and methods to assess possible adverse effects of nanomaterials have been vigorously taken into consideration by many international organizations: the World Health Organization, the Organization for Economic and Commercial Development and the European Commission. The object of this study was to develop risk assessment principles for safety management of future nanoproducts and also to identify areas of research to strengthen risk assessment for nanomaterials. The research roadmaps which were proposed in this study will be helpful to fill up the current gaps in knowledge relevant nano risk assessment.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.52-59
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• 2017

Nano-packaging is defined as food packages produced with nanoparticles or using nanotechnology in their process. Nano-packaging has become more available in the current market because of its enhanced functional properties such as antimicrobial and barrier properties. However, consumers have worried about toxicity by migration of nanomaterials from packaging to food. Currently, many commercialized products are coated or composited with inorganic nanomaterials such as nanosilver, nanoclay, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, and so on. In this study, nanomaterials used in food packaging were classified and the commercially available nano-packaging were screened. Study on the migration of nanomaterials in various food simulants was also summarized.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2023

Gold nanoparticles have recognized a promising drug carriers in many diseases. These nanoparticles could carry anti-inflammatory drugs in the case of muscle injury and for fatigue relief. On the other hand, specific surface of this kind of nanoparticles could be critical in amount of drug they could carry. Therefore, in this study, we explore different methodology and influencing parameters on the specific surface of gold nanoparticles. After specifying the main parameters, different machine learning and artificial neural network are adopted to model the effects of different parameters. Furthermore, response surface methodology is utilized to obtain a quadrilateral relationship between different parameters and specific surface. The results indicate that concentration of the gold salt solution is the most important parameter in increasing the size of gold nanoparticle and, as a consequence, increasing specific surface. Moreover, the ability of gold nanoparticles in prolonging retention of the drugs is discussed in detail.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.281-288
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• 2005

The hyaluronic acid (HA) with excellent biocompatibility can be combined with lactide, the ester dimer of polylactide, with good biodegradability to produce biocompatible materials applicable to drug delivery system. By freeze drying method, HA and lactide were crosslinked with crosslinking agent, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide. Degree of lactide and EDC reaction was determined by the analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The degree of lactide and EDC reaction increased and swelling ratio decreased as the mole ratio of lactide to HA or crosslinking agent concentration increased or reaction temperature decreased. The drug release experiment result from membranes having different degree of lactide reaction showed that drug release rate reduced in proportion to the degree of lactide reaction. The drug release experiment result from drugs having different hyrodphobicity showed that the more hydrophobic drug was released more slowly.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.260-265
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• 2005

The initial burst of drug release is an important role in the controlled delivery of drug having hish toxicity and narrow therapeutic ranges. Nanosphere composed of monolayer could not achieve precisely controlled drug release because of the initial burst of drug on surface. In this study, double layered nanosphere was prepared for sustained drug delivery without initial burst. Double layered nanosphere composed of dextran and PLGA was fabricated by using conventional W/O/W double emulsion method. To control surface tension on the outer layer of nanospheres, PVA was used as a surfactant. Release behavior of dextran as model drug was observed as the $3{\times}1$mm wafers formed by compression mould in the deionized water for 7 days. Double layered nanosphere has sustained release behavior, in contast to single layered nanospheres. such as mechanical mixture and dextran nanospheres. Especially, nanosphere containing PVA $0.2\%$ has shown nearly the zero-order release profile. As a result of this study, double layered nanospheres has more sustained release profile of drug without the initial burst and the release behavior of dexoan on tile double layered nanospheres was controlled by the contents of PVA as a surfactant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.23-24
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• 2006