• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.465-472
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• 2003

Creep Poisson's ratio reported by previous experimental studies on multiaxial creep of concrete was controversial. The Poisson's ratio is very sensitive to small experimental error that is inevitably induced, and the sensitivity may cause the controversy. It is difficulty to find out the properties on multiaxial creep of concrete. Therefore, a new approach method to analyze the test results is needed to precisely understand the properties on multiaxial creep of concrete. In this study, microplane model is used as a new approach method in analyzing the multiaxial creep test data. The six data sets extracted from the literature are fitted from regression analysis. Double-power law as a model representing volumetric and deviatoric creep evolutions on microplane is used, and six parameters in volumetric and deviatoric compliances are determined on the assumption that the volumetric and deviatoric creep strains are linearly proportional to corresponding stresses. The optimum fits give very accurate description of the test data. The Poisson's ratio calculated from the optimum fits varies with time and does not depends on the stress states, namely, uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial stress states. Regression analysis is also performed on the assumption that the Poisson's ratio remains constant with titre. The constant Poisson's ratio can be use in practice without serious error.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.946-953
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• 2003

A FEM-based analytical approach was used to evaluate the multiaxial high cycle fatigue damage of an automotive sub-frame. Elastic Multi Body Simulation (MBS) has been applied in order to determine the multiaxial load histories. The stresses due to these loads have been given by FE computation. These results have been used as the input for the multiaxial fatigue analysis. For the assessment of multiaxial high cycle fatigue damage, the signed von Mises, the signed Tresca, the absolute maximum principal stress and critical plane methods have been employed. In addition, the biaxiality ratio, a$\sub$e/, the absolute maximum principal stress, $\sigma$$\sub$p/ and the angle, $\phi$$\sub$P/, between $\sigma$$\sub$1/ and the local x-axis, have been calculated to evaluate the stress state at each node.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2004

콘크리트의 크리프에 관한 기존의 연구결과들은 대부분 1축응력이 가해지는 경우에 대한 것으로 콘크리트 구조물 또는 부재가 다축응력 상태에 놓이는 경우에 적용하기가 어려운 점이 있다. 따라서 다축응력 상태의 콘크리트 크리프 특성에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 이 연구에서 다축응력 상태에 놓인 콘크리트의 크리프 특성을 실험을 통해 파악하였다. 세 가지 서로 다른강도를 갖는 배합의 콘크리트에 대해 각각 9개의 실험체를 제작하였으며, 1축, 2축, 3축 응력 상태에서 크리프 실험을 실시하였다. 하중이 가해지는 세 방향에서 시간에 따른 변형률을 측정하였다. 가압시점의 푸아송비와 크리프변형에 기인한 푸아송비 그리고 탄성변형과 크리프변형에 기인한 푸아송비를 구하였으며, 각 콘크리트에 대한 세 가지 푸아송비는 근사적으로 같은 것으로 나타났다. 가압시점의 푸아송비와 전체 변형에 대한 푸아송비는 콘크리트 강도의 증가에 따라 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 각 푸아송비는 응력상태에 따라 특정한 경향을 나타내지 않았다. 체적성분의 응력과 크리프변형률, 편차성분의 응력과 크리프변형률은 선형의 관계를 나타내었다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.843-853
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• 2022

The fatigue behavior of welded open rib-to crossbeam joints (ORCJ) in orthotropic bridge structures is investigated using a traction structural stress method. The fatigue behaviors of welded open rib-to crossbeam joints have been a subject of study for decades for ensuring operational safety and future design improvement. A mesh-insensitive combination of traction structural stresses in ORCJ was obtained considering the effect of in-plane shear stress and validated by fatigue test results. The proposed method is advantageous for predicting fatigue cracks that initiate from the crossbeam cutout and propagate along the crossbeam. The investigations carried out with the proposed approach reveal that the normal structural stress decreases with the propagation of fatigue cracks, while the ratio of shear stress to normal stress increases. The effect of shear structural stress is significant for the analysis of fatigue behavior of ORCJ in multiaxial stress states.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.595-602
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• 1998

Specimens of 304 stainless steel were tested to failure at elevated temperatures under multiaxial stress states, uniaxial tension using smooth bar specimens, biaxial shearing using double shear bar specimens, and triaxial tension using notched bar specimens. Rupture times are compared for uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial stress states with respect to the maximum principal stress, the von Mises effective stress, and the principal facet stress. The results indicate that the principal facet stress gives the best correlation for the material investigated, and this parameter can predict creep life data under multiaxial stress states with rupture data obtained with specimens under uniaxial stresses. The results also suggest that grain boundary cavitation, coupled with localized deformation processes such as grain boudary sliding, controls the lifetimes of the specimens.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.1432-1440
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• 2005

High-temperature rupture behavior of 5083-Al alloy was tested for failure at 548K under multiaxial stress conditions: uniaxial tension using smooth bar specimens, biaxial shearing using double shear bar specimens, and triaxial tension using notched bar specimens. Rupture times were compared for uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial stress conditions with respect to the maximum principal stress, the von Mises effective stress, and the principal facet stress. The results indicate that the von Mises effective and principal facet stresses give good correlation for the material investigated, and these parameters can predict creep life data under the multiaxial stress states with the rupture data obtained from specimens under the uniaxial stress. The results suggest that the creep rupture of this alloy under the testing condition is controlled by cavitation coupled with highly localized deformation process, such as grain boundary sliding. It is also conceivable that strain softening controls the highly localized deformation modes which result in cavitation damage in controlling rupture time of this alloy.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2004

기존의 다축응력 상태의 콘크리트 크리프 실험으로부터 제안된 푸아송비에 대한 연구결과는 서로 큰 차이를 나타내고 있다. 측정된 변형률로부터 계산된 푸아송비는 작은 실험 오차에 의해서도 매우 민감하며, 이러한 민감성은 푸아송비의 시간에 따른 변화와 응력상태에 따른 경향을 파악하는 데 있어 큰 어려움을 초래한다. 따라서 이러한 연구결과의 불일치를 해결하고 신뢰성 있는 결과를 도출하기 위해서 새로운 분석방법이 요구된다. 이 연구는 다축응력 상태의 크리프 실험결과에 대한 새로운 분석방법으로 미세평면 모델을 적용하였다. 미세평면 상에서 체적과 편차컴플라이언스에 대한 수학적 모델로는 이중지수 법칙을 사용하였다. 체적과 편차성분의 컴플라이언스는 여섯 개의 변수로 구성되며 실험결과를 최적으로 모사하는 변수를 최적화 기법으로부터 구하였다. 여섯 변수에 대한 회귀분석결과로 부터 계산된 푸아송비는 시간에 따라 변화하였다. 또한 시간에 따라 푸아송비가 일정하다는 조건에서 네 변수를 결정하였으며 이 때의 회귀분석결과와 실험 측정값 사이의 오차는 여섯 변수가 사용된 회귀분석결과의 오차에 비해 다소 크게 나타났다. 네 변수에 대한 회귀분석결과로부터 얻은 시간에 따라 일정한 푸아송비는 큰 오차 없이 실제의 구조해석에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.316-321
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• 2000

The role of fatigue on the surface damage of 5% chrome cold milling work roll is evaluated. Uniaxial and torsional fatigue tests are carried out, and the baseline data for fatigue life evaluation are established. An appropriate multiaxial fatigue parameter is developed from the fatigue data. Fatigue tests are also performed under compressive mean stresses, and a mean stress model is formulated. A computer program is developed to assess the interaction of fatigue and grinding of the roll. The fatigue damage is computed for selected servicing conditions. It is found that the fatigue damage can be an important issue when the effect of mean stress is ignored, however the fatigue damage is negligibly small when the effect of mean stress including the residual stresses currently used is fully accounted. The result indicates that spalling due to the growth of thermal shock cracks is more important than fatigue damage in roll surface failure.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.413-423
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• 1991

Multiaxial loading by combinations of tension-torsion-internal pressure have been applied to the thins-walled tubular specimens prepared from cold drawn tubes of SAE 1020 steel. Prior to the multiaxial loading, each specimen has been twisted to different shear strains. Uniaxial tensile yield stresses measured at different angles to the tube axis clearly show that the initial orthotropic symmetry is maintained during twisting. The orthotropy axes are observed to rotate with shear strains. The plane stress yield locus measured for each twisted specimens show that yield surface shape does not remain similar during twisting and thus anisotropic work hardening is not a function of only plastic work.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.222-228
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• 2011

This paper is a review of biaxial tensile test equipments and specimens. The stresses acting on a component in service are multiaxial in nature. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the mechanical properties of sheet materials not only under uniaxial but also under these multiaxial stress states. Biaxial testing of metal in industry becomes an important investigation tool for the evaluation of mechanical properties of sheet metals. In this paper, several types of biaxial tensile tests were reviewed, and their advantages and limitations were discussed.