• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.341-350
• /
• 2015

This study is to explore geosites considering the geological characteristics in Gochang-gun and to investigate a possibility of being designated as the national geopark of Korea. In this study, the geosites within Gochang-gun are explored through literature search and field work. The results indicate that seven of the geosites in the Seonunsan area are relevant as potential national geopark, including Jinheunggul, Dosolam Maebulsang, Youngmungul, Nakjodae and Cheonmabong, Byungbawi, spherulitic rhyolite, and Dolmen site. In addition, there are other areas that have valus in terms of geological and educational aspect, including Hajeon mud flat and Myoungsasipri beach. The results of study imply that if various educational programs for the geotourism are properly developed, the Gochang-gun area has potential to be designated as the national geopark of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2004

Growth pattern of the soft clam (Mya arenaria oonogei) was estimated based on samples collected from the Yeongsan River estuary on the southwest coast of Korea between August 1996 and September 1997. Mean density of the clam during study period was $55\;ind./m^2$ and varied monthly from 281 to $8\;ind./m^2.$ The clams from the study area ranged in age from one year to seven years, with shell lengths between 40.4 mm and 104.1 mm and biomass between 8.4 and 152.3 g in total wet weight. The spawing season was estimated to occur between September and October based upon a reduced fatness index, an indication of spawning, during these months. Burial depths increased with growth of the clams and most were found buried between 10 and 20 cm in the sediments. Significant relationships were found between shell length and shell height (SH), total wet weight, (TWt), meat wet weight (MWt), meat dry weight (DWt), ash free dry weight (AFDW) and burial depth. The von Bertalanffy growth equations of the clams were $L_t(mm)=138.98(1-e^{-0.1325(t+0.8853)})\;and\;W_t\;(gTWt)=325.93\;(1-e^{0.1325(t+0.8853)})^{2.6982}.$ These equations suggest that in their first year the clams should reach 31 mm in length with a biomass of 5.7 g in total wet weight.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2017

As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea in 2014, a total of 34 bacterial strains assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria were isolated from various environmental samples collected from activate sludge, biotite, freshwater, gut of marine organisms, mud flat, sediment, soil, spent mushroom compost and sea water. On the basis of high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and a tight phylogenetic association with the closest species, it was revealed that each strain was assigned to independent and previously described bacterial species, with the exception of one isolate. There is no official report that these 34 species included in the phylum Actinobacteria have been described in Korea: 6 species of 5 genera in the order Corynebacteriales, 1 species of 1 genus in the order Frankiales, 2 species of 2 genera in the Micromonosporales, 14 species of 10 genera in Micrococcales, 2 species of 2 genera in the Propionibacteriales, 1 species of 1 genus in the Pseudonocardiales, 4 species of 2 genera in the Streptomycetales, 2 species of 2 genera in the Streptosporangiales and 1 species of 1 genus in the Solirubrobacterales. Gram reaction, cell and colony morphology, pigmentation, physiological characteristics, isolation sources and strain IDs are described in the section of species description.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.8 no.3 s.20
• /
• pp.9-22
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyse the architectural character of JE-DAMG at farm village in Ulsan. JE-DANG means the building for DONG-JE (the sacrificial rite of a village). The regions of this study are KANG-DONG MYEN, and UNG-CHON MYEN in Ulsan. The method of this study is the analysis of them after the actual field surveys of 47 JE-DANGs in these regions The survey contains the area, the height, the period of the erection, the architectural structure, the roof shape, the material, the landowner, SHIN-CHE (means a god's name and shape), DANG-SU tree and so on. Methods of the survey are the field survey, the interview of villager, the analysis of reference data and so on. Results of the study are below. JE-DANGs(buildings) of these regions had been built first in the period of Japanese occupancy and erections of them had continued until 1970's. Since then, they have been rebuilt. The primary JE-DANG is characterized by a tiled roof, a wooden post lintel, a mud-plastered wall, and a wooden door. After rebuilding, characters are a flat slab, a tiled roof, a structure of using red bricks, and the area is getting larger than the primary JE-DANG, but 1 KAN persists without variety. Most of houses in the inland area like UNG-CHON MYEN face the south, and ones in the coastal area like KANG-BONG MYEN face the east. Generally there is DANG-SU tree behind JE-DANG. That proves DANG-SU tree to be the object of the rite. The species of DANG-SU is a pine in general ,but various in UNG-CHON MYEN. In general names of the god are DONG-SHIN , DANG-SAN SHIN and SUNG-HWANG SHIN. I think that the landownership of JE-DANG should change the private ownership into the village ownership to preserve JE-DANG though most of lands of JE-DANG are private ones.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.97-108
• /
• 2015

As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 29 bacterial strains assigned to the classes Alphaproteobacteria were isolated from various environmental samples collected from plant root, ginseng soil, forest soil, marsh, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 29 species included in Alphaproteobacteria is have been described in Korea; therefore 14 species of 9 genera in the order Rhizobiales, 7 species of 6 genera in the order Sphingomonadales and 4 species of 2 genera in the order Caulobacterales and 3 species in the order Rhodobacterales and 1 species in the order Rhodospirillales found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.36-49
• /
• 2018

During a study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea in 2016, a total of 42 actinobacterial isolates were recovered from various environmental samples collected from natural cave, squid, sewage, sea water, trees, droppings of birds, freshwater, eelgrass, mud flat, sediment and soil. On the basis of a tight phylogenetic clade with the closest species and high level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, it was shown that each isolate was assigned to independent and previously described bacterial species which were assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. The following 42 species have not been reported in Korea: eight species in two genera n the order Corynebacteriales, 26 species of 16 genera in the Micrococcales, one species of one genus in the Micromonosporales, one species of one genus in the Propionibacteriales, four species of two genera in the Streptomycetales and two species of two genera in the Streptosporangiale. Cell morphology, Gram staining reaction, colony colors and features, the media and conditions of incubation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, origins of isolation and strain IDs of 42 unrecorded actinobacterial species are presented in the species description.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.211-215
• /
• 2003

A huge freshwater reservoir (ca. 12,000 ha) will be created when the construction of a 33­km dike on a huge mud flat of the Saemankeum areas is established. A large quantity of freshwater will emerge to the adjacent sea from the reservoir through two big gates. Marine organisms outside the dike are expected to frequently experience low salinity waters. To investigate the salinity effects on the dominant metazooplankton in the coastal waters off Saemankeum areas, we measured the survival (Survival 1H and Survival 24H) of 11 different taxa (the copepods Acartia omorii, A. pacifica, Calanus sinicus, Centropages abdominalis, Paracalanus indicus, Pseudodiaptomus inopinus, Tortanus forcipatus, and a hydromedusa, and barnacle nauplius, polychaeta larva, and a chaetognath Sagitta sp.) at salinities of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 psu when the organisms were exposed for 1 and 24 h, respectively. Survival 1Hs of P. inopinus and barnacle nauplius were 100% between 5 and 35 psu, while they were 0% at salinities of 0 and 40 psu. Survival 1Hs of A. omorii and A. pacifica, P. indicus, T. forcipatus, and polychaeta larva were 100% at $salinities\;\geq\;10$ psu, while they were 0% at lower salinities. Survival 1Hs of a hydromedusa and Sagitta sp. were 100% at $salinities\;\geq\;15$ psu, while they were 0% at lower salinities. Survival 1H of C. abdominalis and C. sinicus was 100% at $salinities\;\geq\;20$ psu, while they were 0% at lower salinities. Survival 24Hs of A. omorii, A. pacifica, C. abdominalis, barnacle nauplius, and polychaeta larva were the same as Survival 1 Hs at the same salinity, while those of the other metazooplankton were lower than Survival 1Hs. The results of the present study suggest that low salinity water emerging from big gates may cause the death of the metazooplankton, but the salinities at which death of the metazooplankton occurs may differ by species.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.223-234
• /
• 2016

As a subset work for the collection of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, 38 actinobacterial strains were isolated from various environmental samples obtained from plant root, ginseng cultivating soil, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. Each strain showed higher 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formed a robust phylogenetic clade with closest actinobacterial species which were defined and validated with nomenclature, already. There is no official description on these 38 actinobacterial species in Korea. Consequently, unrecorded 37 species of 24 genera in the 12 families belonging to the order Actinomycetales of the phylum Actinobacteria were found in Korea. Morphological properties, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source and strain IDs are described in the species descriptions.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.206-219
• /
• 2016

As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 42 bacterial strains assigned to the class Alphaproteobacteria were isolated from diverse environmental habitats including plant roots, ginseng soil, forest soil, marsh, mud flat, freshwater, and seawater. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 42 species have been described in Korea; therefore 4 species of 1 genera in the order Caulobacterales, 18 species of 10 genera in the order Rhizobiales, 7 species of 5 genera in the order Sphingomonadales and 13 species of 11 genera in the order Rhodobacterales within the Alphaproteobacteria are reported for alphaproteobacterial species found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.16-27
• /
• 2003

For the last decade, some 400 small and large oil spill accidents have occurred every year. Such accident blow a serious damage to the marine resource and ecosystem, which can't be estimated in terms of economic and environmental losses. The physical/chemical methods used currently may be effective at the initial stage of accidents, but they can't serve to remove the spilled oil completely. Moreover, the dispersant may lead to a secondary contamination detrimental to the lives inhabiting wet lands, beaches and tidal zone. Thus, a new decomposing technology Is required for the environmentally sensitive areas. Bioremediation is the active use of biological techniques to mitigate the consequences of a spill using biological processes and refers both of stimulation of pollutant biodegradation and/or to enhance ecosystem recovery Bioremediation is an economically attractive method for the clean-up of oil-contaminated area. Bioremediation has been demonstrated to be an effective oil spill countermeasure for use in cobble, sand beach, salt marsh, and mud flat environment.