• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors of successful and unsuccessful movements through the analysis of kinematics and muscle activity of the Free Aerial Cartwheel on the balance beam. Method: Subjects (Age: 22.8 ± 2.4 yrs., Height: 158.7 ± 5.0 cm, Body mass: 54.1 ± 6.4 kg, Career: 13 ± 2.4 yrs.) who were currently active as female gymnasts participated in the study. They had no history of surgical treatment within 3 months. Subject criteria included more than 10 years of professional experience in college and professional level of gymnastics and the ability to conduct the Free Aerial Cartwheel on the Balance Beam. Each subject performed 10 times of Free Aerial Cartwheel on the balance beam. One successful trial and one unsuccessful trial (failure) among 10 trials were selected for the comparison. Results: It was found that longer time required in case of unsuccessful trial when performing the Free Aerial Cartwheel on the balance beam compared with successful trial. It is expected to be the result of movement in the last landing section (i.e. phase 5). In addition, it was found that the center of gravity of the body descends at a high speed to perform the jump (i.e. phase 2) in order to obtain a sufficient jumping height when the movement is successful while the knee joint is rapidly extended to perform a jump when movement fails. In the single landing section after the jump (i.e. phase 4), if the ankle joint rapidly dorsiflexed after take-off and the hip joint rapidly flexed, so landing was not successful. Conversely, in a successful landing movement, muscle activity of the biceps femoris was greatly activated resulting no shaking in the last landing section (i.e. phase 5). Conclusion: In order to succeed in this movement, it is necessary to perform a strong jump after rapidly descending the center of gravity of the body using the force of the biceps femoris muscle. Further improvement of the skills on the balance beam requires the analysis of the game-like situation with continuous research on kinematic and kinematic analysis of various techniques, jumps, turns, etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.355-357
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• 2022

In this paper, as a positioning technology for predicting the movement path of a moving object using a recurrent neural network (RNN) model, which is a deep learning network, in an indoor environment, continuous location information is used to predict the path of a moving vehicle within a local path. We propose a movement path generation technique that can reduce decision errors. In the case of an indoor environment where GPS information is not available, the data set must be continuous and sequential in order to apply the RNN model. However, Wi-Fi radio fingerprint data cannot be used as RNN data because continuity is not guaranteed as characteristic information about a specific location at the time of collection. Therefore, we propose a movement path generation technique for a vehicle moving a local path in an indoor environment by giving the necessary sequential location continuity to the RNN model.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.237-245
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• 2019

Entry of women into the higher positions or professions in the fields of entertainment and performing arts has been expanding gradually. Especially, women working in these fields in New York show a dynamic growth and development. As a result, women surviving in a male-dominated world have raised their voices for their human rights to live free from violence, sexuality, slavery, discrimination, etc.. In the entertainment and performing arts, women have been shouting their voices for a long time through the theme, performance process, and the shows. Their voices influenced politics, society, and culture as a whole. The 'MeToo' movement is the result of condensation from their voices. In other words, it is the result of women's voices against sexual harassment or assault in these fields. Starting in Hollywood, the 'MeToo' movement was rapidly spread out online and strongly supported by female leaders and activists in the world. It had a strong influence on the fields of theater and entertainment industry in Korea as well. By recognizing this phenomenon, the contents of this study suggest how and what to continuously increase the value of the 'MeToo' movement in Korea's entertainment industry.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate the disclusion time and occlusal pattern during lateral movement in normal group and temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) group. Twenty dental college students of Chosun University without the abnormal occlusion and temporomandibular dysfunction were selected as a normal group, and twenty slight temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) group and the ten moderate temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) group classified according to Helkimo's dysfunction index were selected. Occlusal pattern was classified as canine guided occlusion, group functioned occlusion and the other group during lateral movement and disclusion time in lateral movement was measured using T-Scan system. The result were as follows: 1. The disclusion time according to each group were $1.24{\pm}0.58$ sec in normal $1.60{\pm}0.79$ sec in slight TMD group and $2.29{\pm}0.80$ sec in moderate TMD group. There was statistically significant between normal group and moderate TMD group(P<0.01), slight TMD group and moderate TMD group(P<0.05). 2. The distribution of occlusal pattern in normal group was 62.5% (25 side) in canine guided occlusion, 27.5% (15 side) in group functioned occlusion. 3. The distribution of occlusal pattern in slight TMD group was 45% (18side) in canine guided occlusion, 35% (14 side) in group functioned occlusion and 20% (8side) in others and that in moderate TMD group was 15% (3 side) in canine guided occlusion, 35% (7 side) in group funcconed occlusion and 50% (10 side) in other 4. The disclusion time in normal group was $1.05{\pm}0.59$ sec at canine guided occlusion and $1.53{\pm}0.72$ sec at group functioned occlusion. 5. The disclusion time in slight TMD group was $1.23{\pm}0.75$ sec in canine guided occlusion, $1.50{\pm}0.88$ sec in group functioned occlusion, and $2.61{\pm}0.57$ sec, in the other. There was staistically significant between canine guided occlusion and other(P<0.001)and group functioned occlusion and the other (P<0.05). 6. The disclusion time in moderate TMD group was $1.28{\pm}0.84$ sec in canine guided occlusion, $1.75{\pm}0.58$ sec in group functioned occlusion, and $2.98{\pm}0.08$ sec in the other(P<0.01).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.411-426
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of occlusal condition and clenching level on the mandibular torque rotational movement. For this study, healthy 14 men without any symptoms and signs of temporomandibular disorders were selected. Mandibular torque rotational movement was observed in each circumstance of combination of three occlusal conditions such as natural dentition, with wafer of 3.6 mm thickness, and wafer with resin stop of 14 mm thickness total during hard biting of bite stick at maximum voluntary contraction(MVC) and 50% of MVC level of surface EMG activity of masseter muscle. Electromyographic activity and mandibular torque rotational movement were observed using BioEMG and BioEGN in $BioPak^{(R)}$ system. Each biting movement in each circumstance was composed of clenching one time and hard biting of wooden stick two times. The observed items were opening distance, velocity and amount of torque rotational movement in mandibular movement, and the data were statistically processed with $SPSS^{(R)}$ windows (ver.10.0). The results of this study were as follows: 1. There were no differences in the mandibular movement distance between those value in both biting sides, and between those in both clenching forces, but the mandibular velocity showed a different results by clenching force. For the amount of torque rotational movement, there were no difference in the value of the frontal plane but some significant difference was in the value of the horizontal plane by biting side. 2. The mandibular movement distance and the mandibular velocity in both planes were higher by maximum voluntary contraction than those by half maximum voluntary contraction, and amount of torque rotational movement in the horizontal plane was also increased by maximum voluntary contraction. 3. The opening distance in both planes were decreased with the increase of vertical dimension of occlusion, namely, by the occlusal appliances, and this pattern was also showed in the mandibular velocity in case of hard biting by maximum voluntary contraction. However, the amount of torque rotational movement were not different by the increase of vertical dimension of occlusion. 4. The value of angle and distance of the torque rotational movement in the hard biting of wooden stick were generally higher than those in the clenching without wooden stick in both planes without regard to occlusal conditions and/or clenching forces.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.40
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• pp.33-53
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• 2015

The movement of characters is one of the crucial elements to deliver their emotion flowing inside. Though it is the same movement, it may appear or be expressed differently according to the character's personality or emotion or the particular situation. The purpose of this study is to analyze not only the movement found superficially in an animation but also a character's internal emotion and attitude with Laban's movement analysis system, particularly effort, one of its analysis categories, and examine how effectively Laban's movement analysis often employed at the circles of dance can analyze movement in an animation. is about a monster that constantly makes efforts to realize its dream to be a scarer. Functional movement forms the most part, but expressive movement to show how a character thinks or feels also appears harmoniously. Characters' externally shown movement can express their internal emotion properly sometimes, but they also often move expressing their feelings in moderation. Therefore, this study analyzes the movement of characters found in the four scenes of with LMA's effort. According to the findings, at the scene where Michael enters the door leading to the human world following the scarer, the emotional state of Michael envious of the scarer is expressed with the Vision Drive giving the strong feel of dreaming. At the scene of the second game to choose the best scare team, it shows us the Spell Drive with its careful and light movement having clear intention to survive at the game. At the scene where there is a party held for the teams that have survived, it shows the Passion Drive of being eagerly expressing happy and delightful feelings without considering what is around. At the scene where Michael and Sullivan are pursued by people, the Action Drive was used to express movement that was heavy and strong and was getting faster gradually by focusing the feelings of the characters in haste into one place.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2013

Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate whether the directions of eye movement in playing computer games for certain period affected the change of near point of convergence (NPC) and fusional reserve (FR) or not. Methods: Total 40 subjects in 20s who have the visual acuity of 1.0 or higher without any ocular disease and accommodative dysfunction were asked to successively play computer games. After the subjects were moving eyes in horizontal and vertical directions for 40 and 90 minutes, their horizontal fusional reserves, vertical fusional vergence and near point of convergence were measured. Results: The near point of convergence showed a tendency to be receded after computer gaming in the horizontal and vertical directions, and both of horizontal and vertical fusional reserves were significantly reduced. The range of declined fusional reserves and receded near point of convergence after computer gaming for 90 minutes was smaller than those after computer gaming for 40 minutes. The change of binocular vision was affected by the horizontal eye movement rather than the vertical movement when analyzed by the direction of eye movement. Conclusions: This study revealed that the change in FR and NPC was different along with dominant direction of eye movement during visual display terminal (VDT) tasks. Therefore, the adjustment of VDT working time is required to prevent the dysfunction of binocular vision according to the dominant direction of eye movement during VDT task.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.590-600
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• 2007

We performed experimental studies on the muscle activities in the lower limbs for the different movement patterns on an unstable platform. A training system for postural control using an unstable platform that we previously developed was applied for the experiments. This unstable platform provides 360 degrees of movement allowing for training of posture in various directions and provides simultaneous excitations to visual sensory, somatic sensation and vestibular organs. Compare with the stable platform, keeping body balance on the unstable platform requests more effective sensation from vision, vestibular sense and somatic sense. Especially, the somatosensory inputs from the muscle proprioceptors and muscle force are crucial. To study the muscle activities for the different movement patterns and find the best training method for improving the ability of postural control through training and improving the lower extremity muscular strength, fifteen young healthy participants went through trainings and experiments. The participants were instructed to move the center of pressure following the appointed movement pattern while standing on the unstable platform. The electromyographies of the muscles in the lower limbs were recorded and analyzed in the time and the frequency domain. Our experimental results showed the significant differences in muscle activities for the different movement patterns. Especially, the spectral energy of electromyography signals in muscle for the movement pattern in anterior-posterior direction was significantly higher than those occurred in the other patterns. The muscles in the lower leg, especially tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius were more activated compared to the others for controlling the balance of body on the unstable platform. The experimental results suggest that, through the choice of different movement pattern, the training for lower extremity strength could be performed on specific muscles in different intensity. And, the ability of postural control could be improved by the training for lower extremity strength.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.179-189
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• 2014

The Saemaeul Movement, which is the representative national campaign of Korea aimed at the development of local communities, has drawn a great deal of attention from home and abroad and formed an element of Korea's national brand since 2000. Accordingly, this research was conducted for the purpose of constructing a memorial park in Shindo Village, Cheongdo County, North Kyoungsang Province, which is a home to the Saemaeul Movement. As the Saemaeul Movement is benchmarked by many countries around the world today, this research aims to communicate the spirit and social value of the movement and disseminate its effects of local community development in rural areas through the construction of a memorial park. In this study, the design motive of the memorial park was conceived through the historical review and case studies of the Saemaeul Movement. In parallel, theoretical study was also conducted on design techniques as the basis of this research. In consideration of the characteristics of a technical article, this research was conducted in several phases. In the first phase, the conditions of the site where the park construction was planned were analyzed and the direction of its development was set. In the second phase, the main theme and the basic principles of planning were established, and the contents of the park construction project were devised in detail. In the last phase, a comprehensive plan was established, including a space layout to accommodate activities, facilities and programs to be introduced to the park. The park construction site ($106,000m^2$) was divided into four zones (memorial zone, historical theme park, education zone and experience zone) based on circulation planning aimed at creating memorial space, and was linked to eco-friendly ecological space in consideration of environmental features. At a time when the Saemaeul Movement is being propagated across the world, the result of this study will help create a place for its memorial and play a pivotal role to boost international movements aimed at promoting co-prosperity across the global village. It will also bear significance as an example of theme-based park construction in a rural area and the invigoration of a local community.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.123-139
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• 2015

This paper attempts to complement the methodological and conceptual lack of spatial thinking in Korean women's movement research and to facilitate further discussion on this field of research, by drawing on recent academic discussion on scale developed particularly among the Western critical and feminist geographers. The purposes of the paper are following. First, it addresses the need to utilize the concept of scale in women's movement research. Numerous spatial metaphors often proliferated with indiscretion in the feminist approach have rather tended to hinder fully understanding the spatiality of social movements. In order to examine the spatiality of social movements as both conceptual tool and praxis, not merely as metaphor, the paper incorporates main issues in recent scale discourses with particular attention to the debate between Marston and Brenner, and explores their implications for women's movement research in Korea. Second, it emphasizes the multi-scalar approach by highlighting the role of micro-scale, the less studied side in social movement literature. The public and the private divide, the long time battle ground in feminist research, is often intermingled with the hierarchical scalar understanding which considers the global as more powerful and important than the local. The reproductive realm, however, is indispensably related to production and political economic realm. The paper explores the very site where both the public/private divide and the hierarchical scalar understanding can be dismantled. It is the site where the private becomes public and the local becomes the global (and vice versa). Drawing on a brief example of an anti-FTA movement of women with strollers in Korea, it examines the way the multi-scalar approach advances the understanding of Korean women's movement.