• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical characteristics and polysomnographic results of patients visited the Seoul National University Dental Hospital (SNUDH) and to suggest guidelines for the management of sleep disordered-breathing patients in a dental clinic. Methods: Five hundred sixty-two patients who visited the Snoring and Sleep Apnea Clinic of SNUDH were evaluated for clinical characteristics including associated comorbidities, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, and daytime sleepiness and among them 217 patients were performed nocturnal polysomnography for evaluating respiratory disturbance index, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen saturation levels, and sleep stages. The associations among clinical characteristics, sleep parameters, and positional and rapid eye movement (REM) dependencies of the patients were analyzed. Results: The most common co-morbidities of the patients were cardiovascular (30.2%), endocrine (10.8%), and respiratory diseases (7.9%). Age (${\beta}=0.394$), total AHI (${\beta}=0.223$), and lowest $O_2$ saturation levels (${\beta}=0.205$) were significantly associated with the number of co-morbidities in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Mean $O_2$ saturation was not significantly associated with number of co-morbidities. Non-positional OSA patients had higher BMI, longer neck circumferences, more severe AHI values, and lower mean and lowest $O_2$ saturation levels compared to positional OSA patients. Not-REM-related patients were older and had more severe AHI values compared to REM-related patients. Not-REM-related patients have longer duration of stage I sleep and shorter stage II, III, and REM sleep than REM-related patients. There were no significant differences in each sleep stage between positional and non-positional patients. Neck circumference, positional dependency, REM dependency, and percentage of supine position were significantly associated with severity of OSA. Conclusions: Age, total AHI, and lowest $O_2$ saturation level were significantly associated with the number of co-morbidities in patients with OSA. Neck circumference, positional dependency, REM dependency, and percentage of supine position were significantly associated with severity of OSA.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was conducted to find treatment of forward head posture and shoulder instability with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation concept. Methods : This is literature study with books, seminar note and international course. Results : Forward head posture and shoulder instability has related each other. Forward head posture will make muscle instability, weakness and stiffness on neck and shoulder girdle. It will make pain also. Important muscle are suboccipital muscles, omohyoid muscle, sternoclaidomastoid muscle, scaleni, pectoralis minor, levator scapular and digastric. Conclusion : Treatment of the forward head posture and shoulder instability is provided. It is that treatment of stiff muscle with eccentric muscle work, muscle elongation, muscle strengthening at the structure level and at the functional level for daily activities.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2014

목 적 : 다양한 치료 부위에 따라 MVCT(Megavoltage computed tomography)를 이용하여 치료 중(Intrafraction), 치료 간(Interfraction)의 장기 위치 변화를 측정하여 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본 연구에서 두 경부(Head & neck), 흉부(Thorax), 간(Liver), 전립선(Prostate) 종양을 가진 48명 환자들은 전체 치료 과정동안 다양한 MVCT scan을 시행하였다. 평균 환자 당 60개의 MVCT 영상을 획득하여 분석하였다. 결 과 : 치료 간(Interfraction)오차는 흉부와 복부 그리고 골반이 종 방향(Longitudinal, Y)에서 3 mm 이상의 차이를 보였다. 치료 중(Intrafraction) 변화를 알아보기 위해 치료가 끝난 후에 MVCT를 찍어 확인한 후 치료 중(Intrafraction) 움직임 차이는 종 방향에서 2 mm 내외로 나타났다. 또한 치료 전과 후의 움직임의 변화로 인해 치료 간 그리고 치료 중의 차이를 확인하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서도 두 경부(Head & neck), 흉부(Thorax), 간(Liver), 전립선암(Prostate cancer) 환자들의 치료 간(Interfraction) 변화와 치료 중(Intrafraction)변화를 통해 적절한 고정 기구와 표적 여백의 윤곽을 완성하는데 도움이 될 거라 사료된다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.82-85
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• 2014

Functional dysphonia is a specific voice disorder refers to dysphonia without abnormal anatomical vocal fold findings at larynx. The proportions of this disorder are estimated up to 40% of dysphonia patients at ENT clinics. In this article, we will discuss about other functional dysphonia and neurological dysphonia except for muslce tension dysphonia and spasmodic dysphonia. For details, will describe about phonatory charateristics and treatment options about paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder, mutational dysphonia, essential vocal tremor, conversion dysphonia, and vocal tremor related with parkinson's disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.1036-1039
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• 2003

Sandifer 증후군은 식도의 역류와 관련되어 음식섭취 후 비특이적인 경련과 자세를 취하게 되는 증후군으로서 증상이 경미할 경우 진단이 지연될 수도 있고 여러 신경학적인 질환과 근골격계의 이상과 감별을 위해 과도한 진단과정이 진행될 수도 있다. 저자들은 흡인성 폐렴과 수유 후 무호흡, 비전형적인 경련을 주소로 한 환아에서 Sandifer 증후군을 의심하고 조기에 진단하여 치료한 1례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.329-331
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• 2020

Negative myoclonus (NM) is a shock-like jerky involuntary movement caused by a sudden, brief interruption of tonic muscle contraction. NM is observed in patients diagnosed with epilepsy, metabolic encephalopathy, and drug toxicity and in patients with brain lesions. A 55-year-old man presented with NM in both his arms and neck. He has taken medications containing tramadol at a dose of 80-140 mg/day for 5 days due to common cold. He had no history of seizures. Acute lesions were not observed during magnetic resonance imaging, and abnormal findings in his laboratory tests were not noted. His NM resolved completely after the discontinuation of tramadol and the oral administration of clonazepam. Our case report suggests that tramadol can cause NM in patients without seizure history or metabolic disorders, even within its therapeutic dose.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 1979

A number of experimental studies have been carried out in order to clarify the question as to how temporomandibular joint adapt to the changes of mandibular movement and occlusal equilibration. Recently, the studies on the interrelations between anatomical structure of temporomandibular joint and the state of occlusion have been actively performed in dentistry particularly in prosthodontic field. Author performed extraction of unilateral mandibular molars in 30 mature male rats, and observed histological changes of temporomandibular joint through the light microscope. Following results were obtained. 1. The loss of unilateral teeth gave rise to the changes in the location of condylar head, that is, interior displacement of condylar head in the extraction side and upper displacement in the non-extraction side. 2. Articular disk was compressed by the interior surface of condylar head, resulting in its extension below the condylar neck in the extraction side, and the histological arrangement of the compressed area showed irregular feature. 3. The extension of articular disk below the condylar neck was accompanied with the contraction of muscle fibers which were originated from the articular disk. 4. The cartilage layer of articular fossa to the exterior of the extraction side showed hypertropy. 5. Early in the experiment, the inernal extremity of condylar head of extract ion side showed bone resorption, and cartilage layer of condylar head showed hypertropy. At 12 weeks after experiment, the condylar surface showed flattened, and the cartilage layer of condylar head was replaced by the compact bone. 6. The articular disk showed the formation of pannus in the extraction side as well as in the non-extraction side. 7. The occlusal disturbance due to unilateral missing teeth has brought about the non-inflammatory retrogressive change and osteoarthrotic change late in the experiment.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2012

Purpose: An accurate preoperative analysis of the patient is essential in orthognathic surgery in order to acquire superior results. In profile, the location of the chin's position may change according to the neck's inclination. This may ultimately affect the amount of surgical movement. During acquisition of cephalometric radiographs, or in supine position, there is a discrepancy in the neck's inclination. This means that there are also various discrepancies between the actual profile and the various preoperative profile images. In the clinical situation, the decision in performing genioplasty usually lies in the analysis of the patient's profile on the operating table at the final stages of orthognathic surgery. This study aims to analyze the different preoperative profile images and to compare their discrepancies. Methods: Fifty eight patients undergoing orthognathic surgery were chosen. These patients were divided into three groups according to angle's classification of malocclusion, as class I, II or III. The right profile of these patients in centric occlusion was taken in natural head position (NHP). This was set as the 'actual profile image.' Another right profile image was taken on the operating table after insertion of the nasotracheal intubation and with muscle relaxants in effect. This was also taken in centric occlusion. The angle (denoted 'A') between the soft tissue glabella-pognion and the true vertical plane was found in the above-mentioned profile images and in the cephalometric radiographs. The differences of these values were analyzed. Results: There were differences in Angle 'A' in all of the preoperative images. These values were however, not statistically significant. Conclusion: In order to gain an esthetic profile during orthognathic surgery, the NHP is shown to be the most reliable position. Images reproducing such head positions should be used in the treatment planning process.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

This study mainly analyzes that designing patterns of an adult women Jeogori that takes advantage of patterns from each textbooks and complements the disadvantages based on the analysis of data from the dress evaluation and comparison of materials. The modification of a size specification is needed for the standard body as an adjust of the length of Jogori between front and back, mediation for bust width between front and back, a movement for the based line of Sup and Godae. As a result, the suitable pattern according to the standard somatotype is as below. Jeogori Length of front is determined by the length of back which was measured from side neck point to bust point plus three centimeters, and give three and half centimeters more in front. This three and half centimeters is for the curved in front of your body due to the chest. Bust width of front and back have to show the differences of human body. Bust width of front is calculated as bust girth into quarters and add two centimeters. Bust width of back gives one centimeter behind the curve from the center line in order to reduce the floating phenomenon. So, the amount of center back line dart is one centimeter. Arm hole girth measures as dividing bust girth into four. Also, Goedae width has two methods to measure. First, divide bust girth into ten equal parts and subtract 0.5 centimeters from it. Second, measure neck girth and divide it by four. Sleeve length is equal to Hwajang minus bust width of front. Hand wrist calculates in using bust girth. Make bust girth into quarters and multiply three fifths. Side line measures as deducting from Jeogori length of back to Arm hole girth and multiply two thirds.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.184-193
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• 2023

Background: Studies investigating the immediate effects of a single intervention to correct forward head posture are rare. Objects: This study aimed to compare the changes in treatment effects in patients with forward head posture and neck pain after manual and self-exercise therapy over a 1-hour period. Methods: Twenty-eight participants were randomly divided into manual and self-exercise therapy groups. Following the initial evaluation, manual or self-exercise therapy was applied to each group for 30 minutes each in the prone, supine, and sitting positions. The variables measured were the craniovertebral angle (CVA), stress level, pain level, and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) stiffness. After the intervention, re-evaluation was conducted immediately, 30 minutes later, and 1 hour later. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the maintenance of treatment effects between the two groups. Results: Based on the two-way mixed ANOVA variance, there was no interaction between the groups and time for all variables, and no main effects were found between the groups. However, a significant effect of time was observed (p < 0.05). Post hoc tests using Bonferroni's correction revealed that in both groups, the CVA, pain, and stress showed significant improvements immediately after the intervention compared with before the intervention, and these treatment effects were maintained for up to 1 hour after the treatment (p < 0.0083) in the manual therapy group. However, the stress level was maintained until 30 minutes later (p < 0.0083) in the self-exercise group. There was no significant decrease in right SCM stiffness before and after the intervention; however, left SCM stiffness significantly decreased after the self-exercise intervention (p < 0.0083). Conclusion: Both manual and self-exercise therapy for 30 minutes were effective in reducing forward head posture related to the CVA, pain, and stress levels. These effects persisted for at least 30 minutes.