• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.99 no.2
• /
• pp.235-243
• /
• 2010

Picea jezoensis with several infraspecific taxa is indigenous to Eastern Asia and the Far East of Russia. Although these taxa are very common, the taxonomic confusion surrounding this complex is reflected in ambiguity of the various taxonomic treatments currently used. Patterns of intraspecific variations of cone morphology and recognition of taxa within the P. jezoensis complex were investigated from 175 individuals. Morphological variation of cone characters was determined by the univariate analysis to be insignificant in separating most previously recognized infraspecific taxa in Korea, China, Russia, and Japan. Our statistical analysis showed that cones from northern populations were larger and wider than those from southern populations. Individuals from South Korea were predominantly smaller even than those from Honshu of Japan which were previously recognized as var. hondoensis. All measured characters appeared to show some clinal variation with changes in latitude, and a distinctive trend was evident. Consequently var. hondoensis, var. koreana, and var. microsperma cannot retain their infraspecific state within the P. jezoensis complex.

• Journal of Apiculture
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.227-237
• /
• 2018

The majority parasitic bee mites of Thailand in genus Tropilaelaps are infesting colonies of native bees (Apis dorsata) and introduced bees (A. mellifera). The investigation aims to study morphological and genetic variation of Tropilaelaps mites infected different hosts. Adult mites were collected from honey bee brood throughout Thailand. Traditional and geometrical morphometrics were measured on photograph by using TPS program. Additional, COI gene variations were examined by PCR-RFLP and nucleotides sequencing. Tree of mites relationships were constructed by NJ and MP assumptions. Morphometric results indicated T. mercedesae were major species infesting on A. dorsata and A. mellifera. Mophological variation represented at anal and epigynial plate, which the shape of the anal plate apex margin has been key character to identify between T. mercedesae (bell to blunt shape) and T. koenigerum (pear shape). However, the discriminant analysis suggested that geometric results were potential to classify Thai Tropilaelaps populations from different hosts better than traditional morphometric. Otherwise, PCR-RFLP clearly detected the site of Dra I and Xba I digestion of Thai Tropilaelaps morphotypes. The COI sequences of T. koenigerum were founded infesting only A. dorsata in Thailand and four sequences that related to the Thai T. mercedesae morphotypes. The NJ and MP tree were clearly classified Thai Tropilaelaps species which were suggested both from morphological and molecular analysis. This information might be basically of taxonomic status, but this should have implication for controlling these mites in Thailand and other countries.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 2020

The genetic diversity of two subpopulations of Corynandra chelidonii, one of terrestrial and the other of aquatic environments, was measured with molecular markers, such as start codon targeted (SCoT), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The traditional morphological traits such as habitat, habit, leaf morphology, the colour of the sepals and petals, number of stamens, and seed morphology formed the base for their realization as two varieties, C. chelidonii var. pallae and C. chelidonii var. chelidonii. The polymorphism between the two variants was 100% with the primers SCoT-2 and OPA-1 and 4, while maximum polymorphism was detected with ISSR-2, SCoT-3, and OPA-3. The study used, for the first time, more than one molecular marker to assess the genetic variation underscoring the morphological variation in Corynandra chelidonii (L.f.) Cochrane & Iltis. The study justifies the recognition of the two subpopulations of Corynandra chelidonii from aquatic and terrestrial environments as two distinct varieties, C. chelidonii var. pallae (Reddy & Raju) V.S.Raju and C. chelidonii var. chelidonii, respectively, based on the traditional taxonomic evidence.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.298-310
• /
• 2017

Morphological variation between cultivated and weedy types of Perilla frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa were studied in 327 germplasm by examining 17 morphological characters. The germplasm between the two varieties were varied for their qualitative and quantitative characters. The seed coat color of cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens is commonly light brown and brown while deep brown color was observed in the weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The leaf size, cluster length, plant height, flower number per cluster and seed weight in cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens were significantly (P<0.05) different from weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens exhibited significantly higher plant height (158.6 cm) compared to the weedy P. frutescens var. crispa (133.8 cm). Likewise, seed weight was significantly higher in cultivated (1.9 g) than in the weedy type of P. frutescens var. frutescens (1.6 g) and P. frutescens var. crispa (1.4 g). Principal component analysis (PCA) result showed that the first and second principal component cumulatively explained 86.6% of the total variation. The cultivated type P. frutescens var. frutescens and its weedy accessions were not clearly separated with P. frutescens var. crispa by PCA. Hence it requires the use of molecular markers for better understanding of their genetic diversity.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.1101-1108
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for real-time lane detecting against luminance variation using morphological image processing and edge-based region segmentation. In order to apply the most appropriate threshold value, the adaptive threshold was used in every frame, and perspective transform was applied to correct image distortion. After that, we designated ROI for detecting the only lane and established standard to limit region of ROI. We compared performance about the accuracy and speed when we used morphological method and do not used. Experimental result showed that the proposed algorithm improved the accuracy to 98.8% of detection rate and speed of 36.72ms per frame with the morphological method.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.194-199
• /
• 2003

Saussurea chabyoungsanica was recorded in new species by Lim hyoung tak in 1997. In order to understand the entity of new species, we investigated the new distribution sites, general morphological characters, the width of variation among regional groups. S. chabyoungsanica were located Manduckbong, Mt. Sukbyoung, Mt. Duckhang, and Sukgaejae in ridgeline of the Taebaek mountains. These sites are typical limestone zones of Korea. As a result of PCA analysis for external morphology of S. chabyoungsanica and S. neoserrata, S. neoserrata group was distinctly discriminated from S. chabyoungsanica group. And it was considered that the characters of leaf, corolla and involucral bract were major factors of cumulative rate. And also, through the analysis of external morphology of S. chabyoungsanica by region, Mt. Sukbyoung group was discriminated from other groups.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
• /
• v.1993 no.11
• /
• pp.145-150
• /
• 1993

It is an important component of the diagnosis to research the morphological changes of EMG in pathological conditions. In order to provide an EMG signal resulting from a predetermined neuromuscular pathophysiology, we have initially developed a mathmatical model of electromyographic interference pattern(IP). It can be used to study the variation of the IP resulting from morphological and electrophysiological changes occurring in disease states, because the model computes the IP from the underlying fiber and muscle structure. We performed quantative analysis or the model output, focusing on IPs resulting from simulations of dystrophic fiber loss and the MU denervation and reinnervation typical of neuropathies. To discribe the characteristics of IPs associated with these pathologies, a set of frequency domain discriptors, activity, mobility, and complexity were used, as well as several measures of the spectral density function. These discriptors demonstrate distinct patterns of variation corresponding to morphological changes observed in disease states, and closely with results obtained from the classical method, turn/amp technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.115.1-115
• /
• 2003

Post-harvest decay, caused by Penicillium spp. is a serious problem of fruits worldwide. Morphological characteristics and molecular markers were used to characterize 22 Penicillium isolates from apples, 18 isolates from pears, 60 from oranges and 18 from grapes and 23reference isolates representing related Penicillium spp. to assess their diversity and resolve their taxonomy. Based on morphological and physiological characteristics, the isolates were grouped as identical or very similar to P. digitatum, P. italicum, P. ulaiense or very similar to P. crustosum, P. expansum, P. solitum and unidentified Penicillium spp. Based on sequence comparisons of ITS region, variable site were presented within and among the species, but there variation were not correlated with the species. Cluster analyses of AP-PCR fragment patterns using UP and L45 primer and the -tubulin gene sequence, the Penicillium species were segregated into distinct groups. Particularly. the -tubulin partial sequence data provided support for species concepts based on morphological and physiological characteristics.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.195-199
• /
• 2007

Statistical tools for determining sex in the sexually monomorphic black-billed magpie based on morphological characters have been developed based on studies of European and North American populations. However, since no morphological method has been developed for black-billed magpies in Korea, it has been difficult to conduct field studies that require information about the sex of individuals. We present two discriminant equations for determining sex of second-year (SY) and after-second-year (ASY) magpies in north- and midwestern part of South Korea. Based on morphological measurements on 105 SY (56 females, 49 males) and 72 ASY (36 females, 36 males) individuals, we found body mass, wing chord, and head length to be the most useful features for morphological sex determination. The accuracy of our method was 86.5% for SYs and 93.1% for ASYs, which is similar to values reported previously from American and European magpies. Since the equations contain morphological traits which are only minimally susceptible to seasonal variation and measurement errors, our discriminant equations should be both useful and robust for sex determination on black-billed magpies in the northern and mid-western regions of South Korea.

• ALGAE
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.325-331
• /
• 2005

Populations of Campylaephora borealis (Nakamura) Seo, Cho et Boo and C. crassa (Okamura) Nakamura show a year-around occurrence of all life-history stages. Such a concurrency of life-history stages produces problems in recognizing species in the field. Here, we invesitgated the morphological variation and life-history stages of both species using a statistical character analysis. Life-history stage was correlated with the seawater temperature in C. borealis, whereas it was dependant on biomass in C. crassa. Thalli had dichotomous branches with adaxial branchlets. The statistics showed that the seasonal change in morphology of C. borealis was significantly different from that of C. crassa in seven qualitative characters and five quantitative characters (p < 0.001), although six quantitative features including tetrasporangial size were similar in both species. The morphological difference between the two species may be due to the annual variation of branchlet number and the variance of branch subangle.