• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2002년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.554-558
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• 2002

본 고에서는 2000년 12월에 개최된 국제해사기구(IMO) 제73회 해상안전위원회(MSC)에서 개정 채택된 해상인명안전조약(SOLAS)이 2002년 7월 1일부터 발효되는 일정 선박에서 탑재 의무화된 자동식별장치(AIS)의 기술적 특성에 대해서 기술하였다. AIS는 선박의 위치, 속도, 진행 방향 정보를 자동적으로 송수신하는 무선설비로, 선박 상호간과 선박과 육상국간에 정보를 교환해서의 충돌을 방지하고 운행 관리 효율성을 높인다. AIS는 국내외 전파관련법규 등에 규제를 받기에 AIS 구현 및 운용을 위해서 관련된 기술적 특성을 파악해야 한다.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.4-17
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• 2011

The standard design methodology was suggested to construct wetland system for reducing non-point source pollution from Saemangeum reclaimed paddy land. To set for the design flow and concentrations, runoff and water quality survey were conducted during the irrigation period in 2008 at Gyehwa reclaimed paddy land located at near Saemangeum lake. It is rational that 1ha is the optimum constructed wetland size. To meet this size, the moderate drainage area of reclaimed paddy field was 50ha under the conditions that rainfall is 30mm, average runoff coefficient is 0.83, and runoff capture ratio is 0.6. At these condition, the runoff volume from 50ha was 10,520 $m^3/d$ including base flow during irrigation period. To select the optimum wetland system, several case studies were conducted by focusing on the tidal reclaimed land areas having wetland systems in Seokmun. Pond-Wetland system was selected as the standard model because of showing the highest reduction efficiency. Single variable regression equation were delivered to estimate effluent water concentrations from the designed wetland by using long-term monitoring data from the Seokmun experiment site. The effluent concentration from the designed wetland using these equation were showed moderately range.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.58-67
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• 2011

The HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran) model was applied to Mangyeong river watershed to examine its applicability through calibration using monitoring data. For the model application, digital maps were constructed for watershed boundary, land-use, Digital Elevation Model of Mangyeong river watershed using BASINS (Better Assessment Science for Intergrating point and Nonpoint Sources) program. The observed runoff was 1976.4mm while the simulated runoff was 1913.4mm from 2007 to 2008. The model results showed that the simulated runoff was in a good agreement with the observed data and indicated reasonable applicability of the model. In terms of water quality, trends of the observed value were in a good agreement with simulated value despite its model performance lower than expected. However, its reliability and performance were with the expectation considering complexity of the watershed, pollutant sources and land use intermixed in the watershed. Overall, we identified application of HSPF model as reliable evidence by model performance.

• 연구윤리
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to remind the importance of research ethics in research and publication, and to suggest the direction of research ethics by taking examples of research ethics recently implemented by KJFHC. Research design, data and methodology: With reference to the research of existing researchers, why research ethics is important, what are the violations of research ethics, and the efforts of the editorial committee of KJFHC to strengthen research ethics are presented as an example. Results: It is a reality that the concept of research ethics is becoming more complex and important with the introduction of various new academic fields. At this point in time, researchers need to pay more attention to the easily overlooked concept of research ethics. In research ethics, the most important thing is not punishment through monitoring and supervision, but prevention activities of research ethics that can prevent research misconduct before it occurs. As a preventive activity for research ethics, it can be said that the most important is the establishment of a systematic education system and active educational activities of universities and related institutions. Conclusions: This study avoids the general status and solutions for research ethics, and explains the case of the actual academic journal KJFHC and suggests alternatives.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 상장기업의 감사(법정 필수기관)의 성별 특성이 경영자 보상의 성과 민감도에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 2014년부터 2017년까지 개별 등기임원의 보상 자료를 공시한 850 건의 관측 자료를 대상으로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여성감사는 남성감사에 비해 경영자 보상의 성과 민감도를 유의적으로 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 결과는 윤리적이고 도덕적 가치를 중시하고 위험 회피적이며 보수적인 성향을 갖는 여성이 감사로 선임되는 경우 재무제표의 작성과 재무보고의 질을 높여 경영자 보상과 성과의 연계를 강화시키는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 둘째, 감사의 상근 여부에 따른 하위 표본 분석에서 상근감사로 재임하는 경우에 한하여 여성감사는 경영자 보상의 성과 민감도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 감사의 상근 여부에 따라 업무 투입 노력의 차이가 발생할 수 있으므로 본 결과는 여성감사가 경영자 보상에 대한 감시 활동을 전개하여 영향을 미치기 위해서는 감사의 상근 요건이 충족되어야 함을 시사한다. 본 연구는 국내 상장기업을 대상으로 감사의 성별 특성이 경영자 보상의 성과 민감도에 미치는 영향을 실증 분석함으로써 그간 여성이사를 중심으로 의사결정자의 성별 특성이 의사결정에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 흐름의 실증 범위를 확장하였다는 점에서 선행연구의 부족을 보완한다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.31-67
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• 1990

One of the first issues which arose in the evolution of air law was the determination of the vertical limits of airspace over private property. In 1959 the UN in its Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, started to give attention to the question of the meaning of the term "outer space". Discussions in the United Nations regarding the delimitation issue were often divided between those in favour of a functional approach ("functionalists"), and those seeking the delineation of a boundary ("spatialists"). The functionalists, backed initially by both major space powers, which viewed any boundary as possibly restricting their access to space(Whether for peaceful or military purposes), won the first rounds, starting with the 1959 Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space which did not consider that the topic called for priority consideration. In 1966, however, the spatialists, were able to place the issue on the agenda of the Outer Sapce Committee pursuant to Resolution 2222 (xxx1). However, the spatialists were not able to present a common position since there existed a variety of propositions for delineation of a boundary. Over the years, the funtionalists have seemed to be losing ground. As the element of location is a decisive factor for the choice of the legal regime to be applied, a purely functional approach to the regulation of activities in the space above the Earth does not offer a solution. It is therefore to be welcomed that there is clear evidence of a growing recognition of the defect inherent to such an approach and that a spatial approach to the problem is gaining support both by a growing number of States as well as by publicists. The search for a solution of the problem of demarcating the two different legal regimes governing the space above the Earth has undoubtedly been facilitated, and a number of countries, among them Argentina, Belgium, France, Italy and Mexico have already advocated the acceptance of the lower boundary of outer space at a height of 100km. The adoption of the principle of sovereignty at that height does not mean that States would not be allowed to take protective measures against space activities above that height which constitute a threat to their security. A parallel can be drawn with the defence of the State's security on the high seas. Measures taken by States in their own protection on the high seas outside the territorial waters-provided that they are proportionate to the danger-are not considered to infringe the principle of international law. The most important issue in this context relates to the problem of a right of passage for space craft through foreign air space in order to reach outer space. In the reports to former ILA Conferences an explanation was given of the reasons why no customary rule of freedom of passage for aircraft through foreign territorial air space could as yet be said to exist. It was suggested, however, that though the essential elements for the creation of a rule of customary international law allowing such passage were still lacking, developments apperaed to point to a steady growth of a feeling of necessity for such a rule. A definite treaty solution of the demarcation problem would require further study which should be carried out by the UN Outer Space Committee in close co-operation with other interested international organizations, including ICAO. If a limit between air space and outer space were established, air space would automatically come under the regime of the Chicago Convention alone. The use of the word "recognize" in Art. I of chicago convention is an acknowledgement of sovereignty over airspace existing as a general principle of law, the binding force of which exists independently of the Convention. Further it is important to note that the Aricle recognizes this sovereignty, as existing for every state, holding it immaterial whether the state is or is not a contracting state. The functional criteria having been created by reference to either the nature of activity or the nature of the space object, the next hurdle would be to provide methods of verification. With regard to the question of international verification the establishment of an International Satelite Monitoring Agency is required. The path towards the successful delimitation of outer space from territorial space is doubtless narrow and stony but the establishment of a precise legal framework, consonant with the basic principles of international law, for the future activities of states in outer space will, it is still believed, remove a source of potentially dangerous conflicts between states, and furthermore afford some safeguard of the rights and interests of non-space powers which otherwise are likely to be eroded by incipient customs based on at present almost complete freedom of action of the space powers.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 부산광역시 및 부산 16개 구·군의 「사회복지사 등의 처우개선 및 지위향상을 위한 조례」를 비교분석하고 실제 이행여부를 확인함으로써 조례안의 개선점을 도출하고 실효성 확보를 위한 방안을 제안하고자 하였다. 이용재외(2014)에서 활용한 조례분석모 형에 조항이행여부를 추가한 분석모형을 사용하여 17개 조례를 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따른 개선방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지방자치단체장의 책무조항이 반드시 명시되어야 한다. 둘째, 실태조사는 명확한 주기와 구체적인 내용이 담긴 독립적인 조항으로 명시되어야 한다. 셋째, 지원계획은 실태조사와 함께 모든 구·군의 조례에 포함되어야 한다. 넷째, 처우개선위원회와 관련된 조항이 부존재한 구·군이 가장 많았으므로 사회복지사의 입장과 권리를 실질적으로 대변할 수 있는 위원회 관련 조항을 반드시 추가해야 한다. 다음은 조례의 실효성 확보를 위한 방안으로 첫째, 조례가 규범력과 강제성을 갖기 위하여 의무사항에 대한 구체적인 명시와 이행하지 않았을 시 따르는 벌칙이 마련되어야 한다. 둘째, 조례의 내용에 사회복지사의 의사가 잘 반영될 수 있도록 해야 한다. 셋째, 조례입법평가를 통하여 당초 입안 목적에 맞게 잘 이행되고 있는지에 대한 체계적인 조사와 평가 모니터링이 필요하다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2016

최근 국제해사기구(International Maritime Organization, 이하 IMO) 해사안전위원회(Maritime Safety Committee, 이하 MSC) 제 93차 회의에서 ICS(International Chamber of Shipping) 및 IPTA(International Parcel Tankers Association)는 저유황유 수요 증가에 따른 연료유내 희석제의 사용량 증가 문제, 저인화점 연료유 사용 시 기관실내 연료유 기화에 의한 점화 문제, 선박 엔진 손상을 일으키는 연료유 등에 대해 보고하였다. 연료유 품질 문제와 관련하여 IMO 사무국에서는 전 세계에 공급되는 선박용 연료유 품질 모니터링 기관을 지정하였고 공급된 연료유가 MARPOL Annex VI regulation 14.8 (황분함유량이 0.5 % 이하)에 만족하는지 결정하기 위한 통신작업반 (Correspondence group)을 구성하여 연료유 품질 문제에 대응하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 선박용 연료유의 품질 문제 제기 및 이에 대한 대응을 위해 국내외에서 이루어지는 연구에 도움을 줄 수 있는 기초연구를 수행하였다. 기초연구를 위해 싱가포르 항구에서 수급되는 실제 선박용 연료유(잔사유)의 기본품질 데이터를 수집하였으며, 기본품질 데이터를 통해 연료유의 품질기준 (ISO 8217:2012) 미달 비율, 밀도분포 경향, 총발열량 및 연료유 내 성분 간 상관관계 등을 포함한 분석들을 수행하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2016

This study tries to seek the is the realistic improvements and legislative measures about current medical advertising which was in the Court on 12 May 2015 by presenting and discussion the understanding, problems and its alternative direction of pre-deliberation on the existing law which is the decision on the constitutionality of health care advertising regulated health care advertising General commercial advertising has the right which have to be protected as the terms of the protection of know and freedom of expression and advertiser's there are sure to be in a value to be protected. Medical advertising is also a person in addition to the absolute value that includes both Due to the particularity of medical advertising in terms of life and the right to health Until now, this has been the target of strong regulations are changing the policy of gradual deregulation in our country, including the country. Medical advertising on the current medical law had been to be checked by pre-deliberation of the executive power. However, due to unconstitutional, in the circumstances which a false hype is flooding and increasing, it has been realized that the fair competition of medical community, life and health rights of the people are threatened by in reverse. In this regard, the abolition of the pre-deliberation system of medical advertising can be welcomed by abolition of the old system which is the legal and institutional censorship. Since its abolition, the alternative policy direction is insufficient also it is not clear. Therefore we need to study this. Therefore, in this paper, we try to find general theoretical background and problem of pre-deliberation system of medical advertising. Also, as trying to find feasibility or ambiguity of regulation and issues about medical advertising on medical law, we argued the provision of special measures of the medical advertising for introduction of integrated medical advertising deliberation committee which can ensure the independence and autonomy, strengthening of the monitoring on the internet advertising, legal resolving through amendments, strengthening of penalties, and establish special measures of medical advertising for the medical privatization and demand for the foreign medical tourist, etc. Empirical study about practical regulatory measures of medical advertising which converged the various opinions of consumer groups, government and academia, and medical community, and we expect hope to see the more realistic alternative provision.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2022

Objectives: Asthma is a chronic disease, and the demand for herbal medicines in this field has increased in recent years. The new findings highlight the role of the gut-lung axis in the pathophysiology of asthma. Hence, this study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of Glasthma syrup, an herbal formula based on Persian medicine, in improving asthma and regulating intestinal permeability. The formula consists of five herbal ingredients that have anti-inflammatory effects on the respiratory tract, also known as gut tonics. Methods: The study will be conducted as a placebo-controlled, triple-blind, randomized trial. It will consist of a 4-week intervention followed by a 4-week follow-up period. The target sample size is 20 patients with moderate asthma aged 18 to 60 years. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group in equal numbers. Patients in the experimental group will take Glasthma syrup (7.5 mL, twice a day), while patients in the control group will take a matching placebo. Both groups will receive a 4-week combination of a long-acting beta2 agonist and a leukotriene modulator as standard of care. Inhaled corticosteroids can be used as rescue medication as needed. Results: The primary outcomes are asthma symptom scale, lung function, and intestinal permeability. Secondary outcomes include quality of life, symptom recurrence rates, and blood tests. A safety assessment will also be conducted during the trial. Conclusion: In this trial, the effects of Glasthma syrup in patients with moderate asthma will be examined. The study will also assess the effects of the formulation on the gut-lung axis by simultaneously monitoring the gut permeability index, asthma symptoms, and lung function.