• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.121-142
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• 2005

We're living in a world of one global village. The globalization of business is acceleration as more companies cross national borders to find customers, materials and money. Many foreign companies and organizations are doing their business aggressively in Korea and many Korean companies and rushing into foreign market. When people communicate for business with someone from another culture, there could be difficult communication barriers to overcome resulting from differences in their values, beliefs, norms for behavior, expectations, attitudes and so on. To do successfully business, we need to understand culture background and communication style that is different from nation, race, language. Communication barriers stemming from cultural differences may vary. Largely, they can be divided into value system, non-verbal communication, and perception process. Value system can be divided into individualism versus group orientation, avoidance of uncertainty degree, power distance, and high- context culture versus low-context culture. Also non-verbal communication method and perception process may play decisive roles in communication effectiveness. Especially nonverbal communication barriers which sometimes play more important roles than the verbal parts are composed of eye contact, gesture, kinesics, proxemics, chronemics, paralanguage and language of color Cross-cultural communication affect business situation. I expect that if we understand cultural background, and then we overcome cross-cultural communication barriers. To overcome and to adapt inter-cultural business, we need to develope curriculum on the cross-cultural education which I will study in the next paper.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1270-1274
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• 2012

The pipe laid underground more than three decades ago are already starting to reveal the problem like corrosion. There have been many studies to design robotic system for a cost-effective revival of old pipes. And the ability to inspect in the pipes, the ability to treat and repaint the pipes and the fault-tolerant robotic system are well known important factors for the robotic system. It's real hard part to manage the underground pipes for companies because it needs high technical and too much money. According to this reasons, in this paper, we had design an in-pipe robotic system having abilities to inspect outworn pipes, to treat and paint old pipes. This new robot system is pressing wall type robot, and it has a good carrying power for working.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2011

This study aims to understand the experiences as consumers of Thai students studying in Korea. "Study Korea Project" which is a drive to globalize local universities by attracting more oversea students as a pull factor, and economic growth, values on education and Hallyu as push factors contribute to the increase the number of Thai students in Korea. In order to understand the experiences of Thai students as consumers studying in Korea, individual interviews were conducted. A total of 5 participants were asked about meaning of consumption in everyday life in Korea or any changes in consumption behavior compared to living in Thai. Three themes were identified through wholistic and selective approaches. First, all participants in the study said that they were surprised because of high living expense in Korea. Consequently, survival itself is too much for them and they have become more conscious of prices of goods. Secondly, since most participants in this study can control their own budget, they feel some degree of freedom and power of control of their own lives. This experience may help them to accomplish their developmental tasks during the transition to adulthood. Thirdly, they are easily imbued with Korean consumer culture. It causes various conflicts between buying and not-buying or friends gathering and saving money. Sometimes it makes them in stuck excessive consumption and financial problems. For a deeper understanding of oversea students' lives in Korea as consumers, further studies should take into consideration of not only their culture of origins, but also misconceptions that have accumulated around these students.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2001

The application of laser in pipelines was started from the base of using laser in nuclear facilities industries and power plants. Because laser can be delivered to a remote area without any difficulties, the application of laser in many industries can solve many difficulties from limitation of access in danger area and reduced the risks of workers. Therefore, we developed a new experimental technique to measure internal defects of pressure vessels with a combination of shearog-raphy and image processing technique. Conventional NDT methods have been taken relatively much time, money and manpower because of performing as the method of contact with objects to be inspected. But digital shearography is laser-based optical method which allows full-field observation of surface displacement derivatives. This method has many advantages in practical use, such as low sensitivity to environmental noise, simple optical configuration and real time mea-surement. In this paper, we find the optimum shearing magnitude with EFM and experiment and measured internal crack length of the pressure vessels at a real time and estimated the error of the results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.985-990
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• 2003

In order to demonstrate Advanced Spent Fuel Conditioning Process (ACP), shielding facilities such as hot cell suitable to handling radionuclides and process property will be necessary. But the construction of new facilities needs much money, man-power and time, it is now scheduled to remodel the hot cell, which has already been installed and maintained at Irradiated Material Experiment Facility (IMEF) in the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). The basic structure and concrete shield wall of hot cell partly have been constructed on the base floor in IMEF building in current status. And hot cell after remodeling will be used for carrying out the lab-scale experiment of ACP. The hot cell was built in accordance with 35 curies of fe-59(1.2 MeV) as design criteria of radiation dose limit. But the radioactive source of ACP is expected to be much higher than design criteria of IMEF, shielding ability of the hot cell in the current status is unsatisfactory to the hot test of ACP. Therefore shield wall shall be reinforced with heavy concrete, steel or lead. In this paper, dose rates are calculated according to ACP source, shielding materials, etc., and reinforcement structures are determined considering the current situation of hot cells, installation of shield windows and the easiness of work.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2010

Collision between vessels may lead to structural damage and penetration of hulls. The structural damage of a hull may eventually bring about global collapse of the hull girder and outflow of oil, which would contaminate seawater. Therefore, various regulations require the strength of a vessel after collision to satisfy given criteria, and owners usually request collision analyses to confirm the structural safety of their vessels. In the process of designing a vessel to satisfy the collision strength criteria, the strength has been assessed mostly by conducting collision analyses using numerical techniques, such as dynamic, non-linear, finite-element analysis. Design is an inherently iterative process during which many changes are necessary due to the endless needs for reinforcement and modification. Numerical techniques are not adequate for coping with a situation in which collision analysis is frequently required to provide the revised results that reflect the repetitive changes in designs. Numerical techniques require a lot of time and money to conduct in spite of recent improvements in computing power and in the productivity of modeling tools. Therefore, in this paper, an analytical technique is introduced and a collision problem is idealized and simplified using reasonable assumptions based on appropriate background. The technique was applied to an example of an actual FPSO and verified by comparing the results with results from the numerical technique. A good correlation was apparent between the results of the analytical and numerical techniques.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.576-579
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• 2007

Timber inventory is a good starting point for developing strategies to effectively manage the timberland. In the sale of timberland, pricing is mostly based on this inventory. For a small timberland, inventory by conventional ground survey could be possible. In the case of large and nationwide business transactions, swift and inexpensive inventory is worth to be considered as the conventional methods require more experienced man power, money and time. In the present study, it was aimed to identify the chronicle of timberland such as changes that has occurred owing to silvicultural activities and by other means using the historical aerial photography and satellite data. Historical aerial photos from National Aerial Photography Program (NAPP), National High Altitude Photography (NHAP), Survey Photography and Landsat satellite data were used. Orthophotos were constructed using the DOQQ and DEM from USGS. Simple photo interpretation technique was employed to classify the orthophoto and satellite data. The plantation area was classified into softwood, mixed and hardwood. The timber age and the corresponding acreage details and the changes were also estimated. The result of this study could be more useful to the timberland buyers to better understand the chronicle of timberland of their interest prior to transactions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.75 no.5
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• pp.633-642
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• 2020

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are known as intelligent methods for modeling the behavior of physical phenomena because of it is a soft computing technique and takes data samples rather than entire data sets to arrive at solutions, which saves both time and money. ANN is successfully used in the civil engineering applications which are suitable examining the complicated relations between variables. Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are advanced composites that successfully used in various engineering design. The FGMs are nonhomogeneous materials and made of two different type of materials. In the present study, the bending analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) beams presents on theoretical based on combination of mixed-finite element method, Gâteaux differential and Timoshenko beam theory. The main idea in this study is to build a model using ANN with four parameters that are: Young's modulus ratio (E_t/E_b), a shear correction factor (k_s), power-law exponent (n) and length to thickness ratio (L/h). The output data is the maximum displacement (w). In the experiments: 252 different data are used. The proposed ANN model is evaluated by the correlation of the coefficient (R), MAE and MSE statistical methods. The ANN model is very good and the maximum displacement can be predicted in ANN without attempting any experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.37-65
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• 1996

Many of the development countries in the world have been investing a lot of money and developing plans for a national digital library in order to .:em the information power in the 21st century. In order for our country to compete with others, it is also urgent to build a National Digital Library in Korea, which can provide a variety of multimedia information for the people. In this study, based on the investigation of the several cases of the national digital libraries in the developed countries, we suggest a detailed plan for the National Digital Library which includes building, facilities, equipments, organization, staff, events, frictions, and expected budget.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2001

A macroeconomic minimodel was simulated to analyze the effect of global exchange on the Korea\\`s economy. The simulation results illustrate some of the consequences of public policy and some insight into current world problems. All computer simulation runs made under various conditions suggest that the Korea\\`s system in the near future may be strongly influenced by the favorable availability of outside resources, while the national power and assets may be declined by indigenous environmental stock depletion. The borrowed capital allows the temporary money stock to increase and the national assets to grow faster and a little higher, as using up the environmental resources more quickly. Later, when the debt is paid off, the foreign exchange holdings may not go so high. For the environmentally sound and sustainable development, over 75% of total economic production should be invested to the natural resource management. Therefore, the economic structure of Korea should be transferred from the present industrial structure to social-economic structure based on ecological-recycling concept.