• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1127-1143
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• 2023

The purpose of this paper, we prove convergence theorems of the modified viscosity inexact Mann iteration process for a family of asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive type mappings in CAT(0) spaces. We also show that the limit of the modified viscosity inexact Mann iteration {x_n} solves the solution of some variational inequality.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.3 no.3 s.9
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• pp.119-133
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• 2001

The stiffness of chemcrete modified asphalt mixtures increase rapidly with time in the presence f oxygen and high temperature, Sometimes the asphalt pavements that have chemcrete modified asphalt mixture applied on the surface none show premature cracking because of the excessive increase in the stiffness f the asphalt mixtures. To mitigate this premature cracking, the chemcrete modified mixtures have been used as a base course material. In this study, the performance of the chemcrete modified asphalt binder and mixtures are investigated through a course of various laboratory tests including dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer tests for binders and uniaxial tensile fatigue, wheel tracking, and moisture damage tests for the mixtures. And also the resilient modulus of the conventional and chemcrete modified mixtures are compared based on the test results conducted on the specimens obtained from various in-situ test sections. It can be concluded from the tests results that the chemcrete modified mixtures show better rutting resistance than conventional mixtures. The chemcrete modified mixtures may have low temperature cracking when it is applied in the cold region. The stiffness of chemcrete modified mixtures is approximately 50 percent higher than that of conventional mixtures more than two years after the chemcrete modified mixture was applied in the base course.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.190-198
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• 2002

In this research the physical properties of polymer modified mortar containing pulverized FRP(Fiber-Reinforced Plastics) wastes fine powder as a part of fine aggregate were investigated. Styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) latex, polyacrylic ester(PAE) emulsion and ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA) emulsion were used as Polymer modifier. Polymer modified mortars containing FRP wastes fine powder were prepared with various FRP wastes fine powder replacement(5∼30 wt％) for fine aggregate and polymer-cement ratios(5∼20 wt％). The water-cement ratio, water absorption rates and hot water immersion test, compressive and flexural strengths of polymer modified mortars were tested and the results compared to those of ordinary portland cement mortar. As the results, compressive and flexural strengths of polymer modified mortar containing FRP wastes fine powder depend on the contents of FRP wastes fine powder, type and additional amounts of polymer modifier. Some of them showed higher compressive and flexural strengths than those of ordinary portland cement mortar. Especially, SBR-modified mortar showed the highest strengths properties among three types of polymer modifier. Also water absorption rates, compressive and flexural strengths of SBR-modified mortar were more superior than those of PAE or EVA-modified mortar. The optimum mix proportions of SBR-modified mortar was 20 wt％ of polymer-cement ratio and 20 wt％ of FRP wastes fine powder replacement. Otherwise heat cured polymer modified mortar accelerated the improvement of early compressive and flexural strengths.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.349-355
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• 2007

Periodate-oxidized soluble starch was reacted with papain at pH 4.0, pH 7.0, and pH 9.7, and an oxidized soluble starch-papain conjugate was produced. When compared with native papain, the specific activity decreased to 60%, in both the modified papain reacted with 0.4% $NaBH_4$ and in the modified papain not reacted with $NaBH_4$. The specific activity decreased to 70% in the modified papains reacted with 1.5% $NaBH_4$ and 4.0% $NaBH_4$, respectively. The reduction by $NaBH_4$ did not have an effect in the thermal stability of either the modified or nonmodified papain. An activity of 54.7% remained in the papain modified at pH 4.0, which was incubated at $80^{\circ}C$ for 40 min. The papains modified at pH 7.0 and pH 9.7 and incubated for 40 min at two different temperatures, respectively, were stable to $60^{\circ}C$, and at $80^{\circ}C$ their activities at 56.3% and 44.1 %, respectively. The modified papain's thermal stability pattern was similar to that of native papain, with no increase in its statbility. In the range of pH $2.0{\sim}13.0$, the stability of the papain modified at pH 4.0 decreased greatly between pH $3.0{\sim}5.0$, but it was similar to the native papain at other pH values. The stability of the papain modified at pH 7.0 showed a similar pattern to the native papain at pH $2.0{\sim}6.0$, while its stability increased when moving into the alkali pH range. The papain modified at pH 9.7 also had increased stability, when moving into the alkali range. The results of Hammerstein milk casein, which was reacted with the papains modified at pH 4.0, pH 7.0, and pH 9.7, respectively, and analyzed by FPLC, showed different peaks according to the different modification pHs, and the greatest peak differences were observed with the modification at pH 9.7.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.7-11
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to evaluate effectiveness of the modified position in scapular AP (anteriopo-sterior) projection. Materials and Methods: From June 2012 to July 2013, scapular AP projection was examined in 108 patients by use of conventional method and in 40 patients by use of modified method. We compared between conventional method and modified method following variables including sex, age, height, weight, and BMI. We measured and compared distance between lateral border of the scapular and the rib to confirm the separation of the scapular from the lung fields including the ribs. Results: The scapular AP projection was technically successful in all patients. There was no significant difference in patient characteristics including sex, age, height, weight, and BMI between conventional method and modified method. The mean distance between lateral border of the scapular and rib in conventional method and modified method was 15.09 mm and 26.33 mm, respectively. Modified method was significantly increased the distance between lateral border of the scapular and rib compared with conventional method (P < .01). Conclusion: The modified position in scapular AP projection was effective method to separate between the scapular and lung fields including the ribs compared with conventional position of scapular AP projection.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.415-419
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• 2012

Electrochemical characteristics of nitrite ion were investigated at a poly(methylene blue)-modified glassy carbon electrode by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The poly(methylene blue)-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited enhanced anodic signals for nitrite. The effects of key parameters on the detection of nitrite were evaluated at the modified electrode, such as pH, accumulation time, and scan rate. Under optimum condition, the chemically modified electrode can detect nitrite in the concentration range $2.0{\times}10^{-6}$ to $5.0{\times}10^{-4}$ M with the detection limit of $2.0{\times}10^{-6}$ M and a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The detection of nitrite using the chemically modified electrode was not affected by common ions such as $Na^+$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Cl^-$, $HPO_4^{2-}$ and $H_2PO_4^- $. The modified electrode showed good stability and reproducibility. The practical application of the present method was successfully applied to the determination of nitrite ion in cabbage samples.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2014

As industry advances, the production of industrial sulfur is increasing every year. Therefore, this study intended to investigate the modified sulfur distribution and compressive strength characteristics of modified sulfur mortar based on the mixing method and curing conditions by adding modified sulfur with a melting point of approximately $65^{\circ}C$ in order to provide basic data for the application of the modified sulfur to the mortar or concrete. The results of the experiment showed that the mixture of fine aggregate and cement with water, followed by the addition of modified sulfur, would be most advantageous in terms of fluidity and strength. The results of EDS analysis also showed that the distribution of sulfur was the best. In terms of the curing conditions, the highest compressive strength was achieved through water curing and air dry curing at $20^{\circ}C$. However, it was found that the long-term strength was adversely affected by curing at over $40^{\circ}C$.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.247-252
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• 2010

This paper investigates the effects of the monomer ratios on the typical properties of polymer-modified mortars that contain methyl methacrylate-based latexes. Basic data are also obtained to develop appropriate latexes for cement modifiers. Polymer-modified mortars that contain methyl methacrylate latexes copolymerized with butyl acrylate or ethyl acrylate are prepared for different polymer-cement ratios. They are then tested to obtain the tensile and tensile adhesive strengthes of polymer-modified mortar with methyl methacrylate-based latexes. From the test results, the tensile strength of MB7 polymer-modified mortar was higher than normal cement mortar by a maximum of 94% with a 20% polymer-cement ratio, which was almost twice higher than normal. The tensile adhesive strength of the MB polymer-modified mortar was higher for higher MMA monomer contents and polymer-cement ratios, and increased up to four times than that of normal cement mortar. The basic properties of the polymer-modified mortars are more affected by the polymer-cement ratio than by the monomer ratio, and are improved over unmodified mortar.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.539-547
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• 2007

The effects of binder and alumina content on the setting time, drying shrinkage, strength, freezing and thawing resistance and water absorption of polymer-modified pastes with alumina powder were examined. As a result the setting time of the polymer-modified pastes with alumina powder tended to delay with increasing binder content. Irrespective of the type of polymer, the drying shrinkage of the polymer-modified pastes with alumina powder tended to decrease with increasing binder content and alumina powder content. Regardless of the type of polymer, the tensile and adhesion strengths of the polymer-modified pastes with alumina powder tended to increase with increasing binder content and alumina powder content. Irrespective of the type of polymer, the durability factors of the polymer-modified pastes with alumina powder tended to increase with increasing alumina content. Irrespective of the type of polymer, the water absorptions of the polymer-modified pastes with alumina powder tended to decrease with increasing binder content and alumina content.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.97-104
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• 2007

목적 : 요통 환자에서 Modified-Modified Schober Test (MMST)와 관절 운동 범위를 비교하여 시각 통증 등급 평가에 있어서 타당도의 우위를 추정하여 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 요통으로 입원한 31명의 환자들을 대상으로 MMST, 관절 운동 범위 및 시각 통증 등급을 주 3회씩 입원 기간 동안 측정하였다. 각 측정 방법의 시행 순서는 무작위로 선택되었으며, 환자들은 맨발로 환자복을 입은 채 측정하였다. 결과 : 각 자료의 상관성을 분석하기 위하여 피어슨 상관계수가 사용되었다. 요추의 MMST 측정값(r=-0.61 ; 99%CI)이 요추의 신전 및 굴곡의 관절 운동 범위 측정값보다 시각 통증 등급에 통계적으로 의미 있게 나타났다. 또한 요추의 MMST 측정값(r= -0.77 ; 99%CI)은 요추의 신전 관절 운동 범위 측정값보다 요추의 굴곡 관절 운동 범위 측정값과 통계적으로 의미 있게 나타났다. 결론 : 이상의 결과를 통하여 요통 환자의 평가에 있어서 MMST가 관절 운동 범위보다 높은 타당도를 가지는 것으로 추정된다.