• Title/Summary/Keyword: mobile emission

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A Mobile Emission Laboratory for Car Chasing Experiment (차량 추적을 위한 이동형 자동차 배출가스 측정시스템(MEL) 구축)

  • Lee, Seok-Hwan;Kim, Hong-Seok;Lee, Seung-Jae;Bae, Gwi-Nam
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.109-116
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    • 2011
  • To measure the traffic pollutants with high temporal and spatial resolution under real conditions a mobile emission laboratory (MEL) was designed and built in KIST with close-cooperation with KIMM and Yonsei university. The equipment of the mini-van provides gas phase measurements of CO, NOx, $CO_2$, THC (Total hydrocarbon) and number density & size distribution measurements of fine and ultra-fine particles by a fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS) and a condensation particle counter (CPC). The inlet sampling port above the bumper enables the chasing of different type of vehicles. This paper introduces the construction and technical details of the MEL and presents data from the car chasing experiment of diesel and CNG city bus. The dilution ratio was increased rapidly according to the chasing distance. Most particles from the diesel city bus were counted under 300 nm and the peak concentration of the particles was located between 40-60 nm. However, the most particles from the CNG city bus were nano particle counted under 50 nm.

The Analysis of Reducing Power Consumption and CO2 Emission in the Advanced Mobile Communication Base Station (다중 대역용 차세대 이동통신 기지국 시스템의 전력 및 탄소배출량 절감효과 분석)

  • Oh, Sung-Kon;An, Jun-O;Kim, Boo-Gyoun
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.36 no.6B
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    • pp.642-649
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we present the analysis of the characteristics of advanced mobile communication base station with multi-band about power loss, power efficiency and carbon reduction considering cable power loss. The advanced mobile base station system is installed on the outdoor for Antenna and RF part, and then the power loss is reduced because the fiber optic cable is used between RF part and baseband part. If the cable power loss is reduced by 5 dB replacing an entire the advanced base station systems, annual power consumption is reduced total 49,038 MWh in the CDMA 20W, WCDMA 30W, WiBro 10W systems. Furthermore the advanced base station system of annual $CO_2$ emission is 20,832 $tCO_2$ compare to 65,878 $tCO_2$. Therefore the advanced base system is confirmed considering green IT technology for the advanced mobile communication base station.

Near-field Noise-emission Modeling for Monitoring Multimedia Operations in Mobile Devices

  • Song, Eakhwan;Choi, Jieun;Lee, Young-Jun
    • IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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    • v.5 no.6
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    • pp.440-444
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, an equivalent circuit model for near-field noise emission is proposed to implement a multimedia operation-monitoring system for mobile devices. The proposed model includes a magnetic field probe that captures noise emissions from multimedia components, and a transfer function for near-field noise coupling from a transmission line source to a magnetic field probe. The proposed model was empirically verified with transfer function measurements of near-field noise emissions from 10 kHz to 500 MHz. With the proposed model, a magnetic field probe was optimally designed for noise measurement on a camera module and an audio codec in a mobile device. It was demonstrated that the probe successfully captured the near-field noise emissions, depending on the operating conditions of the multimedia components, with enhanced sensitivity from a conventional reference probe.

Efficiency Evaluation of Mobile Emission Reduction Countermeasures Using Data Envelopment Analysis Approach (자료포락분석(DEA) 기법을 활용한 도로이동오염원 저감대책의 효율성 분석)

  • Park, Kwan Hwee;Lee, Kyu Jin;Choi, Keechoo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.93-105
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    • 2014
  • This study evaluated the relative efficiency of mobile emission reduction countermeasures through a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach and determined the priority of countermeasures based on the efficiency. Ten countermeasures currently applied for reducing greenhouse gases and air pollution materials were selected to make a scenario for evaluation. The reduction volumes of four air pollution materials(CO, HC, NOX, PM) and three greenhouse gases($CO_2$, $CH_4$, $N_2O$) for the year 2027, which is the last target year, were calculated by utilizing both a travel demand forecasting model and variable composite emission factors with respect to future travel patterns. To estimate the relative effectiveness of reduction countermeasures, this study performed a super-efficiency analysis among the Data Envelopment Analysis models. It was found that expanding the participation in self car-free day program was the most superior reduction measurement with 1.879 efficiency points, followed by expansion of exclusive bus lanes and promotion of CNG hybrid bus diffusion. The results of this study do not represent the absolute data for prioritizing reduction countermeasures for mobile greenhouse gases and air pollution materials. However, in terms of presenting the direction for establishing reduction countermeasures, this study may contribute to policy selection for mobile emission reduction measures and the establishment of systematic mid- and long-term reduction measures.

A Study on the VOCs Emission Characteristics by the Light Duty Diesel and LPG Fueled Vehicles (소형승합차량 및 RV차량의 휘발성 유기 화합물 배출특성 변화에 관한 연구)

  • Eom, Myung-Do;Ryu, Jung-Ho;Han, Jong-Su;Lyu, Young-Sook;Kim, Dae-Wook;Kim, Jong-Choon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 2008
  • Emissions from automobiles have long been considered a prime source of pollutants involved in smog formation and ozone production. Especially VOCs are associated with serious environmental problems such as photo-chemical smog as well as human health effects. Since motor vehicles are a major source of VOCs, estimating of emission from mobile source is the most important factor to control VOCs. VOCs are emitted from various pollution like motor vehicles, mobile and stationary source that has characteristics of toxicity, cancer-causing, bio-accumulation, durability in air and diffusion can exert a bad influence upon human health and environment. However we don't have any standard or regulation about VOCs emissions. This study is summarized as VOCs emission characteristics from in-use light-duty diesel and LPG fueled vehicles. The vehicle exhaust-gas test mode is CVS cycle and nier-10 cycles that developed on EPA and National Institute of Environmental Research. TO-14 method (Toxic Organic) was chosen for VOCs analysis from EPA in USA. This study results will be useful when make a emission factor and rule making of emission standard about domestic VOCs emission for the improve to air condition.

The Collected data-based Air Pollutant Emission Prediction for construction equipment in Construction Sites (건설장비의 배출가스 데이터 기반 대기오염물질 배출량 예측 시스템)

  • Noh, Jaeyun;Kim, Yujin;Kim, Sumin;Han, Seungwoo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2021.11a
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    • pp.86-87
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    • 2021
  • As non-road mobile pollutants such as construction equipment are emerging as the main cause of air pollutants emission, construction equipment regulations are gradually strengthening. Research was conducted by correcting the emission coefficient to calculate and predict air pollutant emissions of construction equipment, but it did not reflect site variables such as field and equipment conditions that affect actual emissions. This study derived an Artificial Neural Network emission prediction model based on the actual emission data of excavators and trucks measured at the site and proposed a platform to predict the emission of air pollutants at the site according to the working size and conditions. Through this, it is possible to establish an eco-friendly process plan using a model from the construction plan.

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A Study on the Characteristics of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Gasoline Passenger Cars (국내 휘발유 승용차의 CO2 배출 현황)

  • Lyu, Young-Sook;Ryu, Jung-Ho;Jung, Sung-Woon;Jeon, Min-Seon;Kim, Dae-Wook;Eom, Myung-Do;Kim, Jong-Choon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.58-64
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    • 2007
  • As the concerns regarding global worming were increased, the pressure of greenhouse gas(GHG) emission reduction on mobile source was also increased. Carbon dioxides contribute over 90% of total GHG emission and the mobile source occupies about 20% of this $CO_2$ emission. Therefore automotive exhaust is suspected to be one of the major reasons of the rapid increase in greenhouse effect gases in ambient air. In this study, in order to investigate $CO_2$ emission characteristics from gasoline passenger cars(PC), which is the most dominant vehicle type in Korea, 106 vehicles were tested on the chassis dynamometer. $CO_2$ emissions and fuel efficiency were measured. The emission characteristics by displacement, gross vehicle weight, vehicle speed and CVS-75/vehicle speed mode were discussed. Test modes were vehicle speed modes and CVS-75 mode that have been used to develop emission factors and to regulate for light-duty vehicle in Korea. It was found that $CO_2$ emissions showed higher large displacement, heavy gross vehicle weight, low vehicle speed and CVS-75 mode than small displacement, light gross vehicle weight, high vehicle speed and vehicle speed mode, respectively. From these results, correlation between $CO_2$ emission and fuel efficiency was also determined. The results of this study will contribute to domestic greenhouse gas emissions calculation and making the national policy for climate change.

An Improvement of Bottom Up Approach for Estimating the Mobile Emission Level (도로이동오염원 배출량 산정을 위한 Bottom-Up Approach 기법의 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Choe, Gi-Ju;Lee, Gyu-Jin;An, Seong-Chae
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.183-193
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    • 2009
  • Air pollution due to vehicle exhaust gas is considered to be a main contributor to the issues of transportation & environment. Furthermore it is raising concern over life quality and public health and is also perceived as a global issue. This research aims at providing helping hands for both central and local governments to set up and promote efficient atmospheric quality improvement policies, with the help of the travel demand forecasting model and GIS. More specifically, it tries to produce the overall emission level with time and space-based high resolution framework. This research, based on bottom-up approach reflecting vehicular traffic characteristics, suggested an improved approach to estimating emission level, by using a traffic model with a total of vehicular mileage revised by surveyed value and atmosphere model. Summing up, using the method proposed, the improvement of the reliability of the emissions inventory from the mobile pollutions sources is expected by the proposed integrated paradigm of transportation and atmosphere modeling approach as a new alternative.

A Model for Estimating Social Cost of Mobile Emission Considering Geographical and Social Characteristics (지역 특성을 고려한 차량 배출물질의 사회적 비용 추정 모형)

  • Lee, Kyu Jin;Choi, Keechoo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2012
  • This study proposed a model for estimating the unit value of social cost for mobile emission considering local geographical and social characteristics, together with a method to evaluate the air quality value. The model was built based on benefit transfer methods, the population density, and green space ratio of each area, which are reflected through independent variables. While applying the model, the unit value of social cost for mobile emissions in both densely populated areas of Seoul and Busan was found to be 18.68 times and 10.71 times higher than the national average, respectively. It is highly expected that this study can contribute to providing more reliable guidelines to decision makers when evaluating various green transportation policies and projects.

Development of O/D Based Mobile Emission Estimation Model (기종점 기반의 도로이동오염원 배출량 추정모형)

  • Lee, Kyu Jin;Choi, Keechoo;Ryu, Sikyun;Baek, Seung Kirl
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.32 no.2D
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    • pp.103-110
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    • 2012
  • This study presents O/D based emission estimation model and methodology under cold- and hot-start conditions. Contrasting with existing link-based model, new model is able to estimate cold-start emissions with actual traffic characteristics. The results of the case study with new model show similar amount of emission with existing model under hot-start conditions, but five times much more than existing model under cold-start conditions. The annual social benefit estimated by this model is 56.2 hundred million won, which is 48% higher than the result from existing model. It means current green transportation policies are undervalued in terms of air quality improvement. Therefore, New model is expected to improve the objectivity of air quality evaluation results regarding green transportation policies and be applied in various transportation-environment policies.