• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2017

본 연구는 포유기간 중 이복자돈과의 합사가 모돈과 자돈의 체표면 온도 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 임신모돈 12두를 공시하여 6두는 개별 분만펜에 위치시켜 분만 후 이유시까지 복당 사육을 유지하였으며(대조구), 6두는 중간 칸막이의 제거가 가능한 가변형 분만펜에서 3복이 한 펜이 되도록 분만 11일차에 칸막이를 제거하여 이유시까지 유지하였다(처리구). 합사 30분 후에 열화상카메라를 이용하여 모돈 및 자돈의 체표면 온도를 측정하였다. 분만 후 포유모돈의 평균 체표면 온도는 처리구에서 $37.1^{\circ}C$로 대조구의 $36.3^{\circ}C$보다 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났고 (p<0.05), 최고온도에서는 두 처리간 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이와 대조적으로, 포유 자돈의 평균 체표면 온도는 포유기 합사에 의해 유의적으로 감소하였으며(대조구 37.5, 처리구 $36.0^{\circ}C$; p<0.01). 최고온도에서 또한 대조구와 처리구에서 각각 $39.4^{\circ}C$와 $39.1^{\circ}C$로 유의적인 차이는 아니지만 대조구에서 낮은 경향으로 관찰되었다(p=0.079). 결론적으로 포유기간 중에 이복자돈과의 합사에 의해 모돈의 체표면 온도는 상승되지만, 자돈의 체표면 온도는 감소하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 더 나아가 체표면 온도와 심부온도와의 상관관계를 구명하고, 합사에 의한 모돈 및 자돈의 생리적 변화에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop a preprocessor for real-time portable quality evaluation system of milk. The preprocessor consisted of two flow pump to supply milk sample and reaction reagent at given volume, a fan to mix milk with reaction reagent, a thermoelectric device to maintain sample temperatures of $40^{\circ}C$, and I/O interface to control signals. The tests conducted with different level of flow rate of pump, fan speed, ambient temperature, and intial temperature of mixtures. To evaluate performance of the preprocessor, the supplied volumes, color changes, and temperatures were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the preprocessor could control supplying volumes, mixing, temperatures of samples automatically. The preprocessor showed good performance to be used for portable quality evaluation system of milk.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2372-2377
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• 2007

Characteristics of turbulent lifted flames in coflow jets with the varying initial temperature have recently been investigated about only propane case diluted by nitrogen. The investigation has firstly improved a premixed flame model and a large scale mixing model among competing theories on the stabilization mechanism of turbulent flame to be suitable for a high temperature condition. In this research, about methane with good availability to apply for a practical combustor as clean fuel, its characteristics of turbulent nonpremixed flame have been studied experimentally. The results have shown an effectiveness of the premixed flame model and the large scale mixing model considered initial temperature variation. Additionally, considering the axial distance where the mean fuel concentration falls below the stoichiometric level along the center line of the jet according to diluting nitrogen, the premixed flame model have more accurately been improved.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.36-51
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• 1990

A parametric study of the thermal effects of a half-circumferential grooved journal bearings under aligned and misaligned conditions has been carried out by solving numerically the coupled Reynolds and energy equation system. Five different sets of boundary conditions for the energy equation have been used which include mixing between recirculating oil and inlet oil and a contraction ratio for the cavitation region. The effects of changes of the inlet oil temperature and pressure, the wall temperature and the L/D ratio have also been examined. For the range of parameters found in internal combustion engines, the mixing effectiveness at the groove and the resulting final mixture temperature have been found to be as important as the wall temperature and the heat transfer rate. The variability of the temperature, though, has been shown to smooth out the peaks of both pressure and friction during misaligned condition Distributions of friction and pressure in the oil are also examined which may be useful in attempts to reduce friction without reducing load. Results for an axial grooved bearing are also presentsed for comparision purpose.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.970-976
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• 2008

Characteristics of methane turbulent non-premixed flame have been studied experimentally in coflow jets with initial temperature variation. The results showed that the premixed flame model and the large-scale mixing model for turbulent flame stabilization were effective for methane fuel considered initial temperature variation. Especially, the premixed flame model has been improved by considering nitrogen dilution for the liftoff height of turbulent lifted flame. In estimating blowout velocity and the liftoff height at blowout with the premixed flame model and the large-scale mixing model, the two turbulent models were excellently correlated by considering the effect of physical properties and buoyancy for the initial temperature variation.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2018

A datacenter is a high energy consuming facility whose cooling energy consumption rate is 10~20 times larger than general office buildings. The higher the temperature of supply air from a CRAC (computer room air-conditioner) is supplied, the more energy efficient cooling is possible because of improving the COP of a chiller and advanced range of outdoor air temperature available for the economizer cycles. However, because the temperature of cold air flowing into server computers varies depending on air mixing configurations in a computer room, the proper supply air temperature must be considered based on the investigation of air mixing and heat dissipation. By these, this study aims to understand the effects of variation of the supply air temperature on the air flow distributions, temperature distributions and rack cooling efficiencies. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) aided in conducting the investigation. As a result, the variation of the supply air temperature does not affect the air flow distributions. However, it mainly affects the temperature distribution. From the results of CFD simulations, Rack cooling indices (RCIHI and RCILO) were evaluated and showed the ideal state set at $19^{\circ}C$ of the supply air temperature.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1184-1192
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• 2004

Experimental investigations were carried out in an atmospheric pressure, optically accessible and laboratory-scale dump combustor operating on methane gas. The objective of this study was to obtain the phase-resolved gas temperatures at different phases of the oscillating pressure cycle during unstable combustion. CARS temperature measurements were made at several spatial locations under lean premixed conditions to get the information on temperature field within the combustor. Also the effect of incomplete fuel-air mixing on phase-resolved temperature fluctuation was investigated. Results including phase-resolved averaged temperature, normalized standard deviation and temperature probability distribution functions (PDFs) were provided in this paper. Temperature PDFs gave an insight on the flame behavior. And strong correlation between phase-resolved temperature profile and pressure cycle was observed. Results of the phase-resolved high temperature gave an additional information on the perturbation of equivalence ratio at flame as well as the effect of mixing quality on NOx emission characteristics.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2017

In this study CALPUFF was used to estimate the influence of temperature rise, according to the observation value of temperature rise based RCP scenario, on meteorological elements (wind direction, wind speed, mixing height) and the change of pollutant diffusion. According to the result. applying estimated value of year 2050 temperature rise, the mixing height is increased as per the temperature rise, so the range of atmospheric diffusion is widened. In summer case, by applying temperature rise of $4^{\circ}C$ and comparing with before applying temperature rise, there was change of diffusion range as per the change of temperature between 10 AM to 11 PM. And the range of diffusion was wider than that of before temperature rise. In winter case, by applying estimated value of temperature rise, $2.3^{\circ}C$, diffusion range has been changed between 8 AM to 4 PM, showing different diffusion aspect from summer. Also, according to the result of air pollution level assessment with temperature rise, it was proved that the ratio of area with increasing air pollution level has been getting higher by increase of temperature.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2016

1,3-Diphenylguanidine (DPG) is commonly used as a secondary accelerator which not only acts as booster of cure but also activating silanization reaction. The aim of this study is to increase the interaction between silica and rubber by using DPG. In this study, mixing was proceeded in two steps. The T-1 compound is mixed DPG with silica and silane coupling agent in the kneader at high temperature which is named as $1^{st}$ mixing step. T-3 compound is mixed DPG with curatives in the two-roll mill at low temperature which is named as $2^{nd}$ mixing step. The T-2 compound is mixed a half of DPG in $1^{st}$ mixing step and the remainder is mixed in $2^{nd}$ mixing step. Total DPG content was equal for all compounds. When DPG is mixed with silica, silane coupling agent during the $1^{st}$ mixing step, a decrease in cure rate and an increase in scorch time can be seen. This indicates that DPG is adsorbed on the surface of silica. during rubber processing. However, bound rubber content is increased and dynamic properties are improved. These results are due to the highly accelerated silanization reaction. However, there are no significant difference in 100%, 300% modulus.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제24회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.274-280
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• 2005

광학적 접근이 가능한 대기압, 실험용 덤프 연소기에서 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 불안정 연소 동안 주기적으로 변하는 압력 사이클의 위상에 따른 온도를 측정함에 있다. 특히, 연소 불안정에 영향을 미치는 연료/공기의 혼합정도가 온도특성에 미치는 효과를 살펴보기 위해 반 스톡스 라만 분광학을 이용하였다. 본 논문에서는 위상에 따른 평균온도, 표준 오차, 확률 밀도함수 및 1900K 이상의 고온이 발생할 확률에 대한 결과가 제시되어있다. 실험결과에 대해 간략히 살펴보면, 압력위상에 따른 평균온도는 압력위상과 거의 동일 위상을 가짐을 확인할 수 있었고, 평균온도의 최대-최소 차이는 연료/공기 혼합이 양호할수록 작아지는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 온도 확률밀도 함수는 화염 거동과 질소산화물 배출 특성에 대한 기본 자료를 제시해 주었다. 이러한 결과들은 궁극적으로 연소 불안정 발생 메커니즘과 열-음향학적 상호작용을 이해함에 있어 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다 하겠다.