• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.515-528
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• 2010

This study analyzes the impacts of mixed-use development and transportation on housing values in Seoul, Korea. An index measuring the land use mix is proposed using three components of land uses, residence, office, and retail, which are the essential elements for everyday urban life. This index offers a relatively easy way in measuring the level of mixed-use and proves itself useful providing sensible and reliable results in this empirical study. Also surface and underground transportation accessibilities are measured. By covering both surface and underground, a comprehensive view of Seoul's transportation accessibility is provided. Finally, housing value models are constructed with developed variables, i.e. land use mix index and accessibility measures, as well as relevant socio-economic variables. The empirical outcomes verifies that mixed-use development and transportation accessibility positively affect housing values.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-22
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• 2020

This study was conducted as a basic data for preparing future management alternatives by analyzing the status and characteristics of invasive alien plants by land-use type based on the formation of a new town in Goyang Siksa district. As a result, the invasive alien plants in the Goyang Siksa district were 20 families 46 genera 57 taxa; according to the land-use type, the residential area(Wi City apartment complex) is 7 families 10 genera 12 taxa, the public facilities area(Dongguk University campus) is 17 families 40 genera 47 taxa, the mixed forest is 5 families 10 genera 10 taxa, the rice paddy is 5 families 6 genera 7 taxa, river(Mt. Gyeondal creek) is 7 families 13 genera 15 taxa were appeared. The life-form of invasive alien plants in Goyang Siksa district is annuals, the origin is America, the introduction time is third period(1962~the present), and the diffusion grade is wide spread(5 grade) species. It was higher than other types. The naturalization index by location was 31.9% in river(Mt. Gyeondal creek), 21.2% in rice paddy, 16.7% in mixed forest, 15.5% in public facilities area(Dongguk University campus), and 8.5% in residential area(Wi City apartment complex). As a result of comparing the naturalization index by regions with the previous studies, it is judged that there are differences due to the environment such as urbanization progress, size, area, population inflow and location conditions. Although many new towns have been established to date, there is a lack of research on flora (including invasive alien plants) as a basic data for preparing management alternatives. Therefore, Through this study, basic data on the management of exotic plants by land use unit in urban areas can be provided.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

Geothermal-energy has been getting popular as a natural energy source for green buildings these days. Public building with gross area more than $3000m^2$, planned after March, 2005, should spend about 5% of total building cost for equipment run by natural energy source (e.g. geothermal, solar heat, solar power, etc) according to renewable energy promotion law in Korea. As a result geothermal-energy using heat pump system is emerging as a effective alternative for realistic and economic plan although design guidelines and construction code for the system is in progress and technical data is far from sufficient. The quantitative analysis on the performance of geothermal-energy using heat pump system is insufficient for appropriate design of it. In this paper, cooling performance of geothermal-energy using heat pump system of residential and retail etc. mixed-use building has been analyzed on the basis of temperature comparison between inlet and outlet of heat exchangers of the operating system. Additionally, dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity have been measured and analyzed together as an index of indoor thermal environment.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.165-170
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• 2010

Super high-rise mixed use buildings require a longer period for construction. Especially finishing work takes up about 40% of the whole construction period. Thus, finishing work is becoming an important factor in determining the construction period along with earth work and frame work. As the expected returns added by the reduction of the period and cost in constructing super high-rise mixed use buildings are huge, the expectations are now increasing for the possible gains. In this respect, as the period of finishing work is easier to be shortened than that of frame work, the efforts to acquire the technical knowledge to reduce the finishing work period are now being required. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed at suggesting the basic data for designing an economic plan for finishing-work procedure by analyzing the productivity of each work type of finishing work procedure on the basis of the execution and results of a construction method as a time-flexible finishing work plan. For this, we categorized the work types of finishing work procedure into each work unit and provided a work-system for each of them. Also, with case studies, we calculated the detailed amounts of the work-loads, required materials, productivity, and productivity index of the main work types of finishing work procedure and each of their separate work units as well as analyzed the relationship between the value results to suggest a better way to improve its productivity.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2015

The Multi-wavelength Raman LIDAR (MRL) system was developed to enable a better understanding of the complex properties of aerosols in the atmosphere. In this study, the microphysical, optical, and radiative properties of mixed aerosols were retrieved using the discrete aerosol observation products from the MRL. The dust mixing ratio, which is the proportion of dust particles to the total mixed, was derived using the particle depolarization ratio. It was employed in the retrieval of backscattering and extinction coefficient profiles for dust and non-dust particles. The vertical profiles of aerosol optical properties were then used as input parameters in the inversion algorithm for the retrieval of microphysical parameters including the effective radius, refractive index, and the single scattering albedo (SSA). Those products were successfully applied to an analysis of radiative flux using a radiative transfer model. The relationship between the MRL derived extinction and aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) in short-wavelength was assessed over Gwangju, Korea. The results clearly demonstrate that the MRL-derived extinction profiles are a good surrogate for use in the estimation of optical, microphysical, and radiative properties of aerosols. It is considered that the analytical results shown in this study can be used to provide a better understanding of air quality and the variation of local radiative effects due to aerosols.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2002

A surface plasmon sensor has been fabricated for detection of concentration and refractive-index of a mixed solution. Based on the Kretschmann-Raether attenuated-total-reflection configuration, the sensor consists of 54 nm-thick Ag metal layer under a prism and a cell containing the mixed solution. We have observed a nonlinear refractive-index change as the ethanol-water concentration increased. The experimental results show us that the detection limit of the SPR sensor is 3$\times$10$^{-2}$ % in ethanol mass ratio. The concentration-to-index curve shows a linear increase in the range of ethanol concentration from 0% to 50%, but a nonlinearity is observed beyond 50%. We have modeled the nonlinearity and compared it with the experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 1987

Non-durable flame retardant finish, borax/boric acid mixed solution, was applied to cotton fabric with pad-dry method. The LOI(limited oxygen index) was measured as the measare of the flame retardant effect. The TGA was investigated to know the thermal behavior of the samples. In addition, the solubility of the solutions was investigated. The results were as follows: 1) There was a synergism of flame retardant effect in the borax/boric acid mixed solution treatment and the maximum synergism was shown around the ratio of 7 : 3 2) After the borax/boric acid solution treatment, the degradation temperature was lowered and degraded at the larger temp range with slower rate. The residual char length also increased. 3) The solubility of borax/boric acid become higher when the ratio of borax/boric acid became similar. Compositions from 80/20 to 40/60 borax/boric acid mixtures were solubilized well in room temperatuare or warmwater therefor there was no problem for home use.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2013

This paper examines the impact of urban space structure on real estate markets, especially on commercial real estate markets. Based on a large scale of GIS dataset, volumes of each land use type are examined. This vast dataset enables 3-dimensional analysis of land use in the entire Seoul area, overcoming the limits of previous research relying on simple 2-dimensional analysis. After then, the Herfindahl index is used to calculate the level of mixed-uses. It analyzes whether a building price is influenced by circumjacent commercial buildings and its residential development pattern. The regression outcomes verify that a nearby area's development patterns make an impact on an office building price. It shows the possibility that a new-urbanism's argument can be actualized.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.142-154
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of various spatial characteristics on the land surface temperature and to grasp the characteristics of thermal environment by types of urban area in Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do. The spatial data were consisted LST, normalized difference built-up index(NDBI) and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) obtained from Landsat 5 TM and land use and land cover map classified from high resolution digital aerial photograph($10cm{\times}10cm$). The unit space for spatial analysis was built by $500m{\times}500m$ Vector GRID. According to the results of estimation of relationship between thermal environment and spatial characteristics, LST had the highest positive correlation with NDBI by 0.929 and had high positive correlation with impervious area ratio by 0.857. In order to analysis of thermal environment on land use, types of urban area were classified by 4 of residential focus area, industrial focus area, green focus area and mixed area. According to the results of analysis, mean LST of industrial focus area was showed the highest by $21.10^{\circ}C$. But mean LST of green focus area was analyzed the lowest by $18.85^{\circ}C$. In conclusion, the results of this study investigated the effects of spatial characteristics on urban thermal environment and can provide methods and basic informations about land use planning and development density restriction for reduction of urban heat.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.81-87
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• 2014

Conditions of paper manufacturing process should be changed depending on the end use and paper properties. Most of the case, mixed pulps with long softwood fibers and short hardwood fibers are used to achieve proper qualities of product with reasonable production cost. For specialty paper manufacture the wood pulp and cotton linter pulp are usually mixed together. The objectives of this study is to analyze physical, mechanical and fracture mechanical properties of paper depending on SwBKP, HwBKP and cotton linter pulp(CLP) mixing. When the mixing ratio of SwBKP was increased, strength properties, such as tensile, tear, and folding endurance, were also increased. When the mixing ratio of SwBKP and HwBKP was increased, stress concentration index was decreased and fracture toughness was increased.