• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2000

To extract insoluble proteins from abolished soybean meal, the meal was treatesd with phytase and protease produced by Aspergillus sp. SM-15 and Aspergillus sp. MS-18. The extraction of insoluble soybean protein was increased at alkaline range more than pH 5 in case of phytase, pH 7 to 11 in case of protease and pH 5 to 12 in case of the mixed enzyme of phytase and protease. The optimum extraction temperature of insoluble protein was 5$0^{\circ}C$ for phytase and the mixed enzyme of phytase and protease, and 6$0^{\circ}C$ for protease. The optimum treatment time for extraction of protein was 9 hrs for phytase, 11 hrs for protease and the mixed enzyme of phytase and protease and optimum unit of enzyme for extraction of protein was 600 unit, 40 unit and 900 unit＋60 unit in case of phytase, protease, phytase and protease, respectively. The treatment of mixed enzyme showed higher extracton rate of protein than single enzyme treatment. The foaming capacity, foaming stability, emulsion capacity, and emulsion stability of soybean meal protein by the treatment of the enzymes increased at all pH range. Further more oil absorption as well as water absorption capacities by the treatment of the enzymes were also increased. The functional properteis of the soybean meal protein treated by the mixed enzyme were higher than those of soybean meal protein treated by the single enzyme.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.700-705
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• 2014

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted with 87 g rainbow trout to evaluate the effects on growth performances, feed efficiency and nutrient digestibility of adding ${\beta}$-mannanase and ${\alpha}$-galactosidase enzymes, solely or in combination. Seven diets were prepared by adding ${\beta}$-mannanase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase and mixed enzyme at two different levels (1 g/kg and 2 g/kg) to control diet (without enzyme) including soybean meal. Mixed enzymes (1 g/kg, 2 g/kg) were prepared by adding ${\beta}$-mannanase and ${\alpha}$-galactosidase at the same doses (0.5+0.5 g/kg and 1+1 g/kg). At the end of the experiment, addition of ${\beta}$-mannanase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase and mixed enzyme to diet containing 44% soybean meal had no significant effects on growth performance and gain:feed (p>0.05). In addition, adding ${\beta}$-mannanase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase and mixed enzyme in different rations to trout diets had no affect on nutrient digestibility and body composition (p>0.05).

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.88-95
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• 2000

We have produced new-structured oligosaccharides using immoobilized mixed-enzyme reactor of destransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMCM and $\alpha$-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae. The reactors of immobilized mixed-exzyme beads were more efficient for the production of oligosaccharides than that of each immobilized enzyme bead in stirred-tank reactior(STR) or in packed-bed reactor(PCR). In continuous flow reactor, the immobilized mixed-enzyme bead in PBR was more stable than in STR, and 52% of initial yield was maintained for 200 hr. New structured-oligosaccharides (NOS) reduced the change of pH in the culture of Streptococcus mutans. It also showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.1300-1306
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• 2011

This study investigated the physicochemical characteristics of wet-milled rice flour treated with pectinase and cellulase in a steeping process. Enzyme treatments were used as follows: pectinase 0.05%, cellulase 0.05%, and mixed enzyme treatments 0.05~0.2%. For particle distribution, rice flour E-treated with mixed enzymes (pectinase 0.05% and cellulase 0.05%) was the finest at 48.3% particle distribution less than $53\;{\mu}m$. Protein contents and damaged starch were reduced by enzyme treatments. Damaged starch was the lowest (12.1%) in rice flour E compared with non-enzyme treatment (18.1%). Amylose content, water binding capacity, solubility, and swelling power all increased upon enzyme treatments, and their effects increased upon mixed enzyme treatment. For gelatinization characteristics of RVA, peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown, and total setback viscosity increased in rice flours treated with mixed enzymes. Especially, in steeping method with mixed enzyme treatment, pectinase 0.05% and cellulase 0.05% treatment was suitable for minimizing damaged starch and high fine particle distribution of rice flours compared with single enzyme treatment.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.37 no.1 s.109
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• pp.47-52
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• 2005

Enzymatic pulping properties of mixed office waste paper in standard disintegrator were investigated for successful enzymatic deinking of mixed office waste paper. Enzymatic pulping need more revolution in standard disintegrator than alkaline pulping and Cellusoft need more revolution than Denimax. The freeness of disintegrated pulp with enzyme was higher than those of disintegrated pulps with alkaline and heat killed enzyme. The freeness of disintegrated pulp with Denimax was higher than that of disintegrated pulp with Cellusoft. The freeness of disintegrated pulps were increased with a dosage of enzymes. The mechanical properties of disintegrated pulp were improved with enzyme addition comparing with heat killed enzyme. The tensile and burst index of hand sheet of disintegrated pulps with acidic Cellusoft were higher than that of others.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.707-712
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• 1999

We have produced new-structured oligosaccharides using mixed-enzyme reactor of dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenterides B-512FMCM and ${\alpha}$-amylase. When the concentrations of sucrose and starch were 10%(w/v) and 5%(w/v), respectively, the maximum yield of oligosaccharides with both dextransucrase(100U) and ${\alpha}$-amylase(1000U) was 66.4%. The activity of dextransucrase in mixed-enzyme reactor was increased about 2.5 times by acceptor reaction with starch hydrolyzates. As the activities of dextransucrase:${\alpha}$-amylase were increased from 20U:200U to 500U:5000U, the amount of polymer was increased and the yield of oligosaccharides was decreased. By the addition of sucrose into mixed-enzyme reactor following the prehydrolysis of starch with ${\alpha}$-amylase, the yield was increased up to 12% compared with that of mixed-enzyme reactor without the addition of starch hydrolyzate. New structured-oligosaccharides showed heat resistance up to 140$^{\circ}C$ and was stable in acidic condition at pH 3~6.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.37 no.1 s.109
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• pp.53-60
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• 2005

The mechanical properties of deinked mixed office waste paper in relation to sorts and dosage of enzymes were investigated for successful enzymatic deinking of mixed office waste paper. The increasing of $\Delta$. freeness was most predominant in pulp of Denimax treated pulp. The tensile and burst properties are decreased with enzyme dosage while $\Delta$. freeness were increased. The fine content in disintegrated pulp was decreased with enzyme dosage of $0.4\%$ on the dried weight of paper. The water absorption of handsheets of enzyme deinked pulp was like as that of market roll tissue papers and the mechanical properties of handsheets of enzyme deinked pulp were improved with enzyme treatment comparing of market roll tissue papers.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.50-57
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• 1999

This study was carried out to compare a conventional alkaline flotation deinking conditions with neutral deinking conditions with and without enzyme addition with respect to the ink removal efficiency and theflotation deinking filtrate quality such as chemical oxygen demand, cationic demand, suspended solids. Based on ink removal rate the neutral deinking condition without enzyme was better than the alkaline deinking condition, and the neutral deinking with enzyme addition turned out to be the best. The brightness of the deinked pulp was found to be the same trend as the ink removal rate. Flotation reject rate for the neutral deinking condition without enzyme was higher than that of the alkaline deinking condition, but that of the neutral deinking condition with enzyme was lower than that of the alkaline and the neutral deinking condition without enzyme. On the freeness of the deinked pulp, the neutral deinking condition with enzyme had the highest value and the alkaline deinking condition had the lowest value among the conditions tested. On the filtrate of the flotation stage, the cationic polymer demand of the neutral deinking condition with enzyme was much lower than the other conditions. Suspended solids and chemical exygen demand for the neutral flotation deinking filtrate was lower than those of the alkaline flotation deinking filtrate.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.348-363
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• 2017

We analyzed the mixed culture characteristics of isolated brewing fungi obtained from Korean traditional nuruk for their development as fermentation starters. In a previous study, we selected appropriate fungi strains based on their large fungi bodies and strong enzyme activities. These fungi strains were mixed cultured under various combination of ratios, pHs and temperatures. As a result, total acidities of R. delemar mixed culture media were higher than those of A. oryzae cultured at $20^{\circ}C$ and $37^{\circ}C$. The pHs of A. luchuensis 34-1 and A. oryzae 37-7 as well as R. delemar 58-8 and A. oryzae 37-7 mixed culture media gradually increased with the culture period. On the contrary, total acidities of the mixed culture media gradually decreased. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ activities of R. delemar 26-4 and R. oryzae 82-7 mixed culture media were strong at $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 4, glucoamylase activities of R. delemar 58-8 and A. oryzae 37-7 were strong at $37^{\circ}C$, pH 3 and 1:2 ratio, and acidic protease activities of R. delemar 26-4 and A. oryzae 78-5 were strong at $20^{\circ}C$, pH 4 and 1:4 ratio. This study provides the optimal mixed culture conditions for fermentation starters based on changes in pH and total acidity, favorable enzyme activities, and fungi varieties.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2012

Pre-pulping extracts were found to contain a dilute amount of xylo-oligosaccharides and acetic acid as the major components, and many minor components including other organic acids, lignin-derived phenolics, and sugar degradation products. Once separated from the pulp, a secondary hydrolysis step was required to hydrolyze oligomeric hemicellulose sugars into monomeric sugars before fermentation. The following study detailed the extent of hemicellulose recovery by pre-pulping using hot water extraction and characterized the hydrolysis of the extract with respect to comparing acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. The secondaryhydrolysis of hot water extracts made at an H-Factor of 800 was tested for a variety of acid and enzyme loading levels using the sulfuric acid and xylanases. The maximum fermentable sugar yield from acid and enzyme hydrolysis of the extract was 18.7 g/${\ell}$ and 17.7 g/${\ell}$ representing 84.6% and 80.1% of the maximum possible yield, respectively.