• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.671-690
• /
• 2004

A meshless method with novel variation of point collocation by finite mixture approximation is developed in this paper, termed the meshless finite mixture (MFM) method. It is based on the finite mixture theorem and consists of two or more existing meshless techniques for exploitation of their respective merits for the numerical solution of partial differential boundary value (PDBV) problems. In this representation, the classical reproducing kernel particle and differential quadrature techniques are mixed in a point collocation framework. The least-square method is used to optimize the value of the weight coefficient to construct the final finite mixture approximation with higher accuracy and numerical stability. In order to validate the developed MFM method, several one- and two-dimensional PDBV problems are studied with different mixed boundary conditions. From the numerical results, it is observed that the optimized MFM weight coefficient can improve significantly the numerical stability and accuracy of the newly developed MFM method for the various PDBV problems.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.197-223
• /
• 2021

In this paper, we investigate existence, uniqueness and four different types of Ulam's stability, that is, Ulam-Hyers stability, generalized Ulam-Hyers stability, Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability and generalized Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability of the solution for a class of nonlinear fractional Pantograph differential equation in term of a proportional Caputo fractional derivative with mixed nonlocal conditions. We construct sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions by utilizing well-known classical fixed point theorems such as Banach contraction principle, Leray-Schauder nonlinear alternative and $Krasnosel^{\prime}ski{\breve{i}}{^{\prime}}s$ fixed point theorem. Finally, two examples are also given to point out the applicability of our main results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제66권5호
• /
• pp.665-676
• /
• 2018

In this study, a four-node quadrilateral partial mixed plate element with low degrees of freedom (dofs) is developed for static and free vibration analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) plates rested on Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundations. The formulation of the presented finite element model is based on a parametrized mixed variational principle which is developed recently by the first author. The presented finite element model considers the effects of shear deformations and normal flexibility of the FGM plates without using any shear correction factor. It also fulfills the boundary conditions of the transverse shear and normal stresses on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate. Beside these capabilities, the number of unknown field variables of the plate is only six. The presented partial mixed finite element model has been validated through comparison with the results of the three-dimensional (3D) theory of elasticity and the results obtained from the classical and high-order plate theories available in the open literature.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제47권5호
• /
• pp.599-622
• /
• 2013

Seismic response of two dimensional liquid tanks is numerically simulated using fully nonlinear velocity potential theory. Galerkin-weighted-residual based finite element method is used for solving the governing Laplace equation with fully nonlinear free surface boundary conditions and also for velocity recovery. Based on mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian (MEL) method, fourth order explicit Runge-Kutta scheme is used for time integration of free surface boundary conditions. A cubic-spline fitted regridding technique is used at every time step to eliminate possible numerical instabilities on account of Lagrangian node induced mesh distortion. An artificial surface damping term is used which mimics the viscosity induced damping and brings in numerical stability. Four earthquake motions have been suitably selected to study the effect of frequency content on the dynamic response of tank-liquid system. The nonlinear seismic response vis-a-vis linear response of rectangular liquid tank has been studied. The impulsive and convective components of hydrodynamic forces, e.g., base shear, overturning base moment and pressure distribution on tank-wall are quantified. It is observed that the convective response of tank-liquid system is very much sensitive to the frequency content of the ground motion. Such sensitivity is more pronounced in shallow tanks.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.433-450
• /
• 1997

The objective of this work is to predict the failure loads, associated maximum transverse displacements, locations and the modes of failure, including the onset of delamination, of thin, flat, square symmetric laminates under the action of uni-axial compression. Two progressive failure analyses, one using Hashin criterion and the other using Tensor polynomial criteria, are used in conjunction with the finite element method. First order shear deformation theory and geometric nonlinearity in the von Karman sense have been employed. Five different types of lay-up sequence are considered for laminates with all edges simply supported. In addition, two boundary conditions, one with all edges fixed and other with mixed boundary conditions for $(+45/-45/0/90)_{2s}$ quasi-isotropic laminate have also been considered to study the effect of boundary restraints on the failure loads and the corresponding modes of failure. A comparison of linear and nonlinear results is also made for $({\pm}45/0/90)_{2s}$ quasi-isotropic laminate. It is observed that the maximum difference between the failure loads predicted by various criteria depend strongly on the laminate lay-ups and the flexural boundary restraints. Laminates with clamped edges are found to be more susceptible to failure due to the transverse shear and delamination, while those with the simply supported edges undergo total collapse at a load slightly higher than the fiber failure load.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.83-97
• /
• 2014

Wave propagation in a three-dimensional (3D) fully nonlinear numerical wave tank (NWT) is studied based on velocity potential theory. The governing Laplace equation with fully nonlinear boundary conditions on the moving free surface is solved using the indirect desingularized boundary integral equation method (DBIEM). The fourth-order predictor-corrector Adams-Bashforth-Moulton scheme (ABM4) and mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian (MEL) method are used for the time-stepping integration of the free surface boundary conditions. A smoothing algorithm, B-spline, is applied to eliminate the possible saw-tooth instabilities. The artificial wave speed employed in MTF (multi-transmitting formula) approach is investigated for fully nonlinear wave problem. The numerical results from incorporating the damping zone (DZ), MTF and MTF coupled DZ (MTF+DZ) methods as radiation condition are compared with analytical solution. An effective MTF+DZ method is finally adopted to simulate the 3D linear wave, second-order wave and irregular wave propagation. It is shown that the MTF+DZ method can be used for simulating fully nonlinear wave propagation very efficiently.

• 전산구조공학
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 1991

본고에서는 Sandhu등에 의해 개발된 다변수경계치문제의 변분모델화 방법을 이용하여 범함수의 독립변수로써 변위와 응력을 동시에 포함하는 이방성탄성문제의 혼합형변분원리(Mixed Variational Principle)를 유도한다. 탄성방정식을 내적공간에서 self-adjoint한 미분연산자매트릭스 방정식으로 표시한 후 다변수 경계치문제의 변분이론을 적용하므로써 일반적 범함수가 구해지며, 이때에 지배방정식의 미분연산자와 경계조건식의 연산자의 일관성 (Consistency)을 유지하므로써 경계조건도 체계적으로 범함수내에 포함시킬 수 있다. 이 일반적 범함수에서 미분연산자의 self-adjointness성질을 이용하여 응력함수의 도함수를 제거하고 탄성방정식중 특정식이 항상, 정확히 만족된다고 가정하므로써 원하는 혼합형변분원리의 범함수를 유도할 수 있다. 여기에서 유도된 변분원리는 최근 Reissner에 의해 개발된 변분원리와 유사한 물리적 의미를 가지나 유도방법이 다를 뿐 아니라 일반적 이방성탄성체에 적용할 때 보다 편리한 형태로 된다. 이 혼합형변분원리는 다양하게 응용될 수 있으나, 복합재료적층판과 같은 이질성, 이방성 평판이론, 또는 쉘이론의 유도에 유용하게 사용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.990-1001
• /
• 2004

The retention of a molten pool vessel cooled by internal vessel reflooding and/or external vessel reactor cavity flooding has been considered as one of severe accident management strategies. The present numerical study investigates the effect of both internal and external vessel mixed cooling on an internally heated molten pool. The molten pool is confined in a hemispherical vessel with reference to the thermal behavior of the vessel wall. In this study, our numerical model used a scaled-down reactor vessel of a KSNP (Korea Standard Nuclear Power) reactor design of 1000 MWe (a Pressurized Water Reactor with a large and dry containment). Well-known temperature-dependent boiling heat transfer curves are applied to the internal and external vessel cooling boundaries. Radiative heat transfer has been considered in the case of dry internal vessel boundary condition. Computational results show that the external cooling vessel boundary conditions have better effectiveness than internal vessel cooling in the retention of the melt pool vessel failure.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.685-692
• /
• 2001

This paper reports on the mixed lubrication characteristics between the cam and the tappet contact surface of direct acting type valve train systems. First, the dynamic characteristics are solved by using the lumped mass method to determine the load conditions at the contact point. Then, the minimum oil film thickness is calculated with consideration of elastohydrodynamic line contact theory and the friction force is obtained by using the mixed lubrication model which separates the hydrodynamic and the boundary friction. Finally, the average surface temperatures are calculated by using the flash temperature theory. The results show that, there are some peaks in the friction force due to the asperity contact friction, and flash temperature at the position of minimum oil film thickness. It is thought that there is a relationship between the surface temperature and cam surface wear, and therefore, the analysis on the worn cam profile has been performed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.277-298
• /
• 2002

In this study, free vibration analysis of Reissner plates on Pasternak foundation is carried out by mixed finite element method based on the G$\hat{a}$teaux differential. New boundary conditions are established for plates on Pasternak foundation. This method is developed and applied to numerous problems by Ak$\ddot{o}$z and his co-workers. In dynamic analysis, the problem reduces to the solution of a standard eigenvalue problem and the mixed element is based upon a consistent mass matrix formulation. The element has four nodes and bending and torsional moments, transverse shear forces, rotations and displacements are the basic unknowns. The element performance is assessed by comparison with numerical examples known from literature. Validity limits of Kirchhoff plate theory is tested by dynamic analysis. Shear locking effects are tested as far as $h/2a=10^{-6}$ and it is observed that REC32 is free from shear locking.