• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.369-375
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• 2004

This experiment was studied to obtain basic environmental effects and biological information on the early growth of larval mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Mitten crabs were maintained for each larval stage with solutions containing 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 ppm of cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg). The relationship between survival rate of mitten crabs and metal content in the growth chamber showed a positive correlations. However, it showed a significant difference in the 96 $hr- LC^{50}$ values of Cd and Hg for the E. sinensis larvae from the first zoea larva to juvenile. Hg was more toxic to E. sinensis larval than Cd. When Cd and Hg are released into the water, they enter E. sinensis larval and are biological magnified. These results of survival rate and bioaccumulation are very important when considering the survival of the mitten crab.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.185-193
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• 2009

A complete cDNA, which encodes for a myostatin-like protein (Es-MSTN), was isolated from the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Es-MSTN was composed of 2,397 nucleotides and the open reading frame (ORF) specified a protein containing 468 amino acids. Es-MSTN exhibited 32% amino acid sequence identity and 52% similarity to human myostatin. Multiple sequence alignment analysis indicated that Es-MSTN possessed the conserved proteolytic cleavage site (RXXR) for maturation of the protein and nine cysteine residues for disulfide bridges. Besides the conserved structural features, Es-MSTN also exhibits its unique characters; a longer N-terminal domain which is involved in protein folding and latent form of myostatin and absence of the cleavage site for BMP-1/tolloid family of metalloproteinase to activate mature myostatin. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Es-MSTN showed the closely related to both vertebrate myostatin and GDF11. Es-MSTN is expressed highly in the claw muscle, leg muscle, thoracic muscle and heart, and moderately in the hindgut suggesting that Es-MSTN may play important roles in the muscle tissues. As homolog of mammalian myostatin and GDF11, Es-MSTN may be involved in development of muscular tissue and further study will help to produce high-quality seafood.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2012

We investigated the effect of the Geum river Estuary Barrage, on the migration and spawning of the Chinese mitten crab from May 2007 to January 2009. The larvae were caught on May in the lower reachs of the estuary barrage, but the juveniles were not collected in the upper reaches of the estuary barrage. Adult crabs arrived at the Geum river estuary for spawning in early September, and spawned between March and April. Therefor if there are corridors which let the juveniles move to the upper stream, the crab population might be restored to the former state that they grow up to adults in the freshwater, and could be migrated easily to marine habitat for spawning.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-57
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• 2010

This article deals with an ecological-economic analysis of the 'Pasture Project of Kum River', which is the farming plan of mitten crabs using Jichun, a stream of the River Kum where the natural propagation of mitten crabs are blocked because of the estuary dam constructed in 1990. Toward analyzing the ecological and economic effects of the crab releasing and harvesting activities in Jichun, a two-stage cohort model of population dynamics with cannibalistic behaviors and density restrictions in biomathematics is adopted, despite of the current infertility in Kum, considering the opportunity of establishing dam fishways in the near future. This study moreover presents a method of parameter estimation especially with assuming a steady state of the ecosystem, and performs various analyses such as the risk measurement of climate change and the economic value of such fishways.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.303-304
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• 1998

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 1998

The results of experimental culture for Koran mitten crab, Eriocheir japonicus at different outdoor culture methods such as rice field, pond, and vinyl house from July 21, 1994 to October 23, 1995 were summaried as fellows. 1. The water temperature was 2${\circ}C$~32${\circ}C$ during the culture periods from July 21, 1994 to October 23, 1995, and it ranged from 15${\circ}C$ to 30${\circ}C$ during the terms showing the intake habit of feed with these temperature maintained for 281 days of 460days of the total cultur periods. 2. The gain weight of Korean mitten crabs was 1,711.3g at the rice field, and 1,565.4g at the pond, and 1.220.0g at the vinyl house. The survial rate was 22.7% at the pond, and 18.7% at the rice field, and 18.3% at the vinyl house with the average survial rate of 19.9%. The daily growth rate of cauapace width was 0.64% at the rice field, and 0.61% at the pond, and 0.59% at the vinyl house. And the gain weight and the daily growth rate were the best at the rice field. 3. When the culture was finished, the frequency of carapace width of 4.0~4.9cm was 57.1% at the rice field, and 33.3% at the vinyl house. Therefore, culture at the rice field for the cultur of mitten card was considered to be the best outdoor culture method from the point of view in the fast growth and polyculture feasibility with paddy rice.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.257-264
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• 2009

Seventeen females of the mud crab Scylla serrata, from the State of Kosrae, Micronesia, were transported to the Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do, in oxygen-filled plastic bags. After acclimatization to a $30^{\circ}C$ holding temperature, nine females were selected for seed production trials. Spawning was hastened using eyestalk ablations; however, this may not be required in commercialscale mud crab seed production. Primary spawning produced an average of 2.4 million hatched larvae, whereas secondary spawning produced 0.4 million. About 10 days elapsed between spawning and hatching and 30 days between hatching and crablet. Mass mortalities up to 90% were observed between stages zoea 1 and zoea 2 in every trial. The highest survival rate from zoea 1 to crablet was estimated at 0.25%. Most commercial shrimp hatcheries in Korea are equipped with almost all necessary facilities and could be converted easily to mud crab hatcheries, able to run three to four times per year using hatchery technologies developed for blue crabs and Chinese mitten crabs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.240-249
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• 2021

Phenotypic plasticity is a rapid response mechanism that enables organisms to acclimate and survive in changing environments. The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) survives and thrives in different and even introduced habitats, thereby indicating its high phenotypic plasticity. However, the underpinnings of the high plasticity of E. sinensis have not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, we conducted an integrated gut microbiome and muscle metabolome analysis on E. sinensis collected from three different environments, namely, an artificial pond, Yangcheng Lake, and Yangtze River, to uncover the mechanism of its high phenotypic plasticity. Our study presents three divergent gut microbiotas and muscle metabolic profiles that corresponded to the three environments. The composition and diversity of the core gut microbiota (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Tenericutes, and Firmicutes) varied among the different environments while the metabolites associated with amino acids, fatty acids, and terpene compounds displayed significantly different concentration levels. The results revealed that the gut microbiome community and muscle metabolome were significantly affected by the habitat environments. Our findings indicate the high phenotypic plasticity in terms of gut microbiome and muscle metabolome of E. sinensis when it faces environmental changes, which would also facilitate its acclimation and adaptation to diverse and even introduced environments.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2009

Genomic DNA samples isolated from four geographical freshwater crab (Eriocheir sinensis) populations collected in the inland of the Korean Peninsula (Gunsan, Paju, and Nampo) and a Chinese site, were used for PCR amplification. Seven decamer primers generated 19 specific loci (19/243 loci, 7.81%) in the Gunsan population, 32 (32/215 loci, 14.88%) in the Paju population, 19 (19/231 loci, 8.23%) in the Nampo population and 62 (62/340 loci, 18.24%) in a Chinese population. The average 8.9 specific loci exhibited inter-individual-specific characteristics, thus revealing DNA polymorphisms in the Chinese population. The number of unique shared loci to each population and number of shared loci by the four populations were generated by molecular analysis using seven primers in four populations. 35 unique shared loci to each population, with an average of 5.0 per primer, were observed in the Gunsan population, and 50 loci, with an average of 7.1 per primer, were observed in the Chinese population. The hierarchical dendrogram indicates three main branches: cluster 1 (GUNSAN 01$\sim$GUNSAN 05, PAJU 06$\sim$PAJU 10 and NAMPO 11$\sim$NAMPO 15) and cluster 2 (CHINESE 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20). Conclusively individual no. 20 of the PAJU 10 freshwater crab was most distantly related to CHINESE no. 20 (genetic distance = 0.667). Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of RAPD analysis to identify diagnostic markers for the identification of four freshwater crab populations.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.231-241
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• 2008

The present study was designed to clarify aspects of the annual reproductive cycle of the fresh water mitten crab, Eriocheir japonicus inhabiting Sumjin river, and to determine the adequate conditions of temperature, photoperiod and salinity on the gonadal maturation and breeding of adult female crabs. Based on the seasonal changes of GSIs and gonadal histology of adult crabs, the annual reproductive cycle could be divided into 4 periods as follows: previtellogenesis period (from September to October) when GSIs were low value and ovaries had oocytes in previtellogenesis stage and meiotic prophase stage; maturing period (from November to March of the next year) when GSIs increased gradually and ovarian oocytes accumulated yolk globules; spawning period (from April to June) when high value of GSI of female was kept and ovigerous female appeared; resting period (from July to August) when GSIs decreased rapidly, and vitellogenic oocytes degenerated. Gonadal maturation was influenced by water temperature, but not photoperiod and salinity. GSI more increased in experimental regime of $18^{\circ}C$ than that of $10^{\circ}C$ regardless of photoperiod conditions (12L12D and 15L9D). However, in $26^{\circ}C$ regime of both photoperiod conditions, the value of GSI was not changed, and vitellogenic oocytes were not observed. Spawning was considerably influenced by water temperatures and salinities regardless of photoperiods. Vitellogenic female crabs did not spawn at $10^{\circ}C$ in any salinity conditions. However, at $18^{\circ}C$ and $26^{\circ}C$, over a half of rearing female crabs spawned in condition of 30% sea water (salinity 9.6%o) and 60% sea water (salinity 19.2%o), while no female spawned in freshwater condition (salinity 0.0%o).