• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.197-208
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• 1986

Propranolol is one of clinically useful antiarrhythmic agents and electrophysiologically classified as group II. And the negative inotropic effect which is not related to adrenolytic effect has been demonstrated with high concentration of propranolol. On the other hand, it has been well known that the calcium plays a central role in excitation-contraction coupling process of myocardium and also in electrophysiological changes of cell membrane. Author studies the effect of propranolol on calcium uptake and release in sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria prepared from porcine myocardium to investigate the mechanism of action of propranolol on myocardium. The results are summarized as follow: 1] The maximum Ca++-uptake of sarcoplasmic reticulum is inhibited by propranolol in a dose dependent manner. 2] The release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum is not affected by propranolol but with higher than 1x10-3 M of propranolol, rate of calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum is decreased. 3] Propranolol inhibits the maximum uptake and uptake rate of calcium in mitochondria non-competitively. [Ki = 6.21 x 10-4 M] 4] The rate of Na+ induced calcium release from mitochondrion shows a function of [Na+]2 and is inhibited by propranolol with the concentration significantly lower than that affect the calcium uptake in sarcoplasmic reticulum and in mitochondria [Ki = 2.91 x 10-5 M]. These results suggest that propranolol affects the intracellular calcium homeostasis which may considered to be one of the mechanism of action of propranolol on myocardium.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.353-358
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• 1998

Experiments were performed to find out the physico-chemical properties of milt, and morphological changes of cryopreserved spermatozoa in tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes. The average number of sperm and spermatocrit in milt stripped were $9.81{\pm}0.34{\times}10^{10}/m{\ell}$ and $97.8{\pm}0.8$, respectively. While total lipid concentration from seminal fluid was higher than that from sperm, total protein concentration from sperm was higher than that from seminal fluid, Na and K concentrations in sperm and those in seminal fluid were similar each other, However, glucose from sperm and seminal fluid were not detectable. Spermatozoon of tiger puffer was consisted of head, middle Piece and tail. Size of head showing horseshoe shape was $0.65{\pm}0.10{\mu}m$ in diameter and $1.35{\pm}0.30{\mu}m$ in length. The head fully containing chromatin did not have acrosome. Mitochondrion in middle piece was $0.2{\mu}m$ in average diameter and flagellum showed 9+2 structure. A few of cryopreserved spermatozoa showed morphologically loose or swollen plasma membranes.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.692-697
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• 2019

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of sugar beet hairy roots expressing single-chain variable fragment (scFv) was exploited to evaluate the efficacy of four antibody-based constructs for interfering with the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus infection. The scFv specific to a major coat protein of virus, p21, was targeted to various cellular compartments including the cytosol (pIC and pICC constructs), apoplast (pIA), and mitochondrion (pIM). After mechanical virus inoculation, most of the hairy root clones expressing scFv in the cytosol displayed low virus titers while the majority of transgenic hairy root clones accumulated antibody in outer membrane of mitochondria or apoplast were infected. This hairy root system provided an efficient and rapid approach to initially investigating root disease resistance like rhizomania prior to transform whole recalcitrant plants such as sugar beet.

• 환경생물
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.278-288
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• 2020

Rhodomonas salina is a phototrophic marine flagellate. We examined the ultrastructure of R. salina with particular attention to the flagellar apparatus by transmission electron microscopy and compared it with that of other cryptomonads reported previously. The major components of the flagellar apparatus in R. salina were a keeled rhizostyle (Rhs), a striated fibrous root(SR), a SR-associated microtubular root (SRm), a mitochondrion-associated lamella (ML), and three types of microtubular roots (9r, 4r, and 2r). The keeled Rhs originated near the proximal end of the dorsal basal body, passed near the nucleus and dissociated at the posterior end of the cell. The SR and SRm originated between two basal bodies and laterally extended to the right side of the cell. The ML originated between two basal bodies and extended to the left side of the cell. The 9r originated between the ventral basal body and the Rhs and extended toward the anterior dorsal lobe of the cell. The 4r originated near the 9r and extended toward the dorsal lobe with the 2r, which originated between two basal bodies. Here, the flagellar apparatus in R. salina is described, and the ultrastructure of the flagellar apparatus is compared among cryptomonad species.

• ALGAE
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2006

Low molecular weight carbohydrates, phycobilin pigments and cell structure using light and transmission electron microscopy were used to describe a new genus of unicellular red algae, Erythrolobus coxiae (Porphyridiales, Porphyrideophyceae, Rhodophyta). The nucleus of Erythrolobus is located at the cell periphery and the pyrenoid, enclosed by a cytoplasmic starch sheath, is in the cell center. The pyrenoid matrix contains branched tubular thylakoids and four or more chloroplast lobes extend from the pyrenoid along the cell periphery. A peripheral encircling thylakoid is absent. The Golgi apparatus faces outward at the cell periphery and is always associated with a mitochondrion. Porphyridium and Flintiella, the other members of the Porphyrideophyceae, also lack a peripheral encircling thylakoid and have an ER-mitochondria-Golgi association. The low molecular weight carbohydrates digeneaside and floridoside are present, unlike both Porphyridium and Flintiella, which have only floridoside. The phycobilin pigments B-phycoerythrin, R-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin are present, similar to Porphyridium purpureum. The cells have a slow gliding motility without changing shape and do not require substrate contact. The ultrastructural features are unique to members of the Porphyrideophyceae and recent molecular analyses clearly establish the validity of this new red algal class and the genus Erythrolobus.

• ALGAE
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2016

Cryptomonas curvata Ehrenberg is a photosynthetic freshwater flagellate and the type species of the genus Cryptomonas. We examined the flagellar apparatus of cryptomorphic C. curvata by transmission electron microscopy. The major components of the flagellar apparatus are the non-keeled rhizostyle (Rhs), striated fibrous root (SR), striated fiber-associated microtubular root (SRm), mitochondrion-associated lamella (ML), and two types of microtubular roots (3r and 2r). The non-keeled Rhs originate at the ventral basal body and consist of two types of microtubule bands extending together into the middle of the cell. The SR and SRm extend parallel to the left side of the cell. The ML originates from the ventral basal body and is a plate-like fibrous structure associated with mitochondria. The 3r extends from the dorsal basal body toward the dorsal anterior of the cell. The 2r originates between the two basal bodies and extends shortly to the left of the cell. The overall configuration of the flagellar apparatus is most similar to that previously reported for C. pyrenoidifera. These results demonstrate that the features of the flagellar apparatus are useful for distinguishing closely related species and inferring phylogenetic relationships among taxa.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.203-207
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• 1998

본 연구는 옥수수에서 분리한 미토콘드리아에서 NADH-dehydrogenase 유전자 (subunit 4)의 cDNA를 RT-PCR의 방법을 사용하여 조제 한 ㅜ 염기서열 수행한 경과 특이한 점을 감지 할 수 있었다. 일반적인 RNA cditing은 C에서 U로 또는 U에서 C로 치환되는 현장으로 옥수수의 NAD4유전자에서도 이러한 editing 형상이 일어나는 것을 발견하였다. 또는 T가 G로 그리고 G 가 A로 변화되는 특이한 부분들이 생성되는 것을 관찰하였다. 이러한 RNA ediring은 주로 exon 1과 exon 4 에 많이 일어나며, 염기 치환되는 부분들은 에서늬 NAD4유전자의 RNA edting site들과 일피하지 않은 점으로 미루어 보아 RNA editing 현상은 무작의로 생성된다고 본다.된다고 본다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2000

1. 아메바 항-액틴의 Ag-Ab 반응과 이를 항-생쥐 IgG-금 입자로 표지한 결과는 주로 정세 포 및 정자의 핵질에 특이적으로 표지되었고 첨체에서는 그 반응을 볼 수 없었다. 2. 표지된 항-액탠 금 입자로 볼 때 정자 핵질의 G-액틴 또는 G-actin oligomer는 정세포의 F-액틴에서 유래되는 것으로 사료된다. 3. 첨체의 액틴은 주로 F-액틴으로 첨체돌기 형성에 참여하지 않는 위상인 것으로 관찰된다. 4. 미세구조의 변화, 정세포 체적의 감소, 정세포 및 정자 핵에 표지되는 금 입자의 증가와 이들 현상이 나타나는 동시성으로 볼 때 정세포 핵의 형태변화의 내용은 응축이고 이는 F-actin의 탈중합 반응에 의한 G-액틴의 생성이 원인일 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2011

BPA, a diphenyl compound containing groups, that make it structurally similar to synthetic estrogen and is considered as one of the major endocrine disruptors. Silymarin has extensively been used to prevent and/or alleviate some human disease, especially for the treatment of adverse liver conditions. It has an antioxidative efficacy and cancer preventive efficacy. Therefore, we examined the hypothesis that silymarin can inhibit BPA-induced toxicity in boar sperm duing in vitro storage. Sperm characteristics (motility, viability, membrane integrity and mitochondrion activity) in semen exposed to BPA (10~200 uM) were sharply lowered, while it increase in a dose and time dependent manner due to silymarin addition (50~200 uM) into semen extender in the presence of BPA (100 uM). All of the evaluated characteristics were gradually improved in the groups that were treated with silymarin (50~200 uM) in the presence of BPA (100 uM) in comparison to BPA 100 uM alone group, irrespective of incubation periods (3 and 6 h). These results demonstrate that silymarin can ameliorate the toxicity of BPA on boar sperm characteristics during in vitro storage, suggesting that silymarin indirectly act as an antioxidant.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3653-3656
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• 2012

Background: A number of effective prevention measures have been introduced in attempts to substantially reduce both the incidence and mortality due to many kinds of cancer. The search for new anti-cancer compounds in foods or in plant medicines is one realistic and promising approach to prevention. Chinese medicines provide a rich pool of novel and efficacious agents for cancer prevention and treatment. Previously it was demonstratrated that hyperin extracted from the Manchurian rhododendron leaf reduces the proliferation of many cancer cells. The present study was carried out to evaluate its effects on human endometrial cancer cell viability and apoptosis and to investigate its mechanisms of action in RL952 cells. Methods: Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Intracellular calcium ions were detected using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. The effects of hyperin on apoptosis related proteins in RL952 cells were examined using Western blot analysis. Results: The growth of RL952 cells was inhibited by treatment with hyperin. OD values of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased and expression of bcl-2 was increased and bax was decreased in protein levels in RL952 cells after 24 h of hyperin treatment, Moreover, intracellular calcium accumulation occurred in hyperin-treated cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that hyperin may play an important role in tumor growth suppression by inducing apoptosis in human endometrial cells via a $Ca^{2+}$-related mitochondrion apoptotic pathway in RL952 cells.