• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.85-88
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• 2009

One of the mitochondrial genes, called cytochrome c oxidase I (COI), has been widely used for the species identification (called bio-barcode) in birds. In this study, the bio-barcode has been applied to chicken breeds in Korea whether it also can be used as a molecular marker for breed identification. Data indicated that Korean native chicken has the mixed SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) patterns between White Leghorn (Layer) and Cornish (Broiler) and ultimately, it can not be used as the marker for breed identification. However, this result indicates the mixed use of the Korean native chicken, since it has been used for dual purpose for producing meat and egg for a long time. In order to use as a marker for species identification, more reliable mitochondrial and/or nuclear DNA markers need to be developed.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.101-106
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• 2006

The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was examined in four abalone species to estimate its utility as a genetic marker using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The utility was evaluated in terms of genetic divergence and relationships among Haliotis discus hannai, H. rufescens, H. rubra, and H. midae in both hemispheres of the world. There was clear genetic divergence in the mtDNA COI region between all pairs of the four species. Moreover, relationships among the abalone species were reflected in their geographical distributions and morphological characteristics. Therefore, RFLP analysis of the mtDNA COI region is a suitable genetic marker for the estimation of genetic divergence and relationships among abalone species. However, it is not effective for the evaluation of genetic differences within abalone species.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.7-9
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• 2020

In the present study, the first mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) sequence of Sterkiella multicirrata Li et al., 2018 is presented. To begin with, this species has been also morphologically recorded from South Korea, and this study was performed using genomic DNA of the Korean population. The newly obtained COI sequences of S. multicirrata were identical. And the inter-specific variation between S. multicirrata and S. histriomuscorum was noted at 14.3%. These values correspond well with the results of previous studies. However, because there are very few available COI sequences of stichotrichian in GenBank, it is concluded that continuous accumulation of data is needed for further study.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.137-144
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• 2004

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is notorious because of its extensive potential and actual dispersal ability. Previously, the Korean populations of P. xylostella was extensively collected and analyzed for their genetic population structure using a portion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). One of the postulated characteristics on population genetic structure of the species includes the presence of heterogeneous haplotypes, possibly possessed by some dispersed ones from neighboring countries. In this study, we sequenced ten P. xylostella collected from China (∼2,000 km away from the middle part of Korea) to know the genetic relationships of these to the Korean P. xylostella. Sequence analysis of the identical portion of COI gene resulted in five haplotypes with the sequence divergence ranging from 0.5% (two nucleotides) to 1.1 % (five nucleotides) among them and from 0.7% (three) to 2.5% (11) to the pre-existing 52 Korean haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Chinese P. xylostella were neither clearly separated from the Korean haplotypes nor clustered with one heterogeneous Korean haplotype. This result reinforces the significance of gene flow in this species and suggests to exclude the possibility that the heterogeneous Korean haplotypes may have emigrated from China, where our samples were obtained, although further extensive investigation is required.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 2004

Partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ(mtCOI) gene of veneroid clams were obtained to eluciadate molecular phylogeny. A total of nine veneroids and one corbiculid were collected from southern and western sea of Korea. The mtCOI sequences of the clams obtained from the present study and three veneroids sequences from GenBank were analyzed by maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining methods. The subfamilies Samarangiinae, Dorsiniinae, Cyclinae, Meretricinae and Chioninae were monophyletic, but Pitarinae was paraphyletic. One transitions and two transversions among two samples of Ruditapes philippinarum and a R. variegata were observed.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.323-327
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• 2006

DNA barcoding, an inventory of DNA sequences from a standardized genomic region, provides a bio-barcode for identifying and discovering species. Several recent studies suggest that the sequence diversity in a 648 bp region of the mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) might serve as a DNA barcode for identifying animal species such as North American birds, insects and fishes. The present study tested the effectiveness of a COI barcode in discriminating Korean bird species. We determined the 5' terminus of the COI barcode for 92 species of Korean birds and found that species identification was unambiguous; the genetic differences between closely related species were, on average, 25 times higher than the differences within species. We identified only one misidentified species out of 239 specimens in a genetic resource bank, so confirming the accuracy of species identification in the banking system. We also identified two potential composite species, calling for further investigation using more samples. The finding of large COI sequence differences between species confirms the effectiveness of COI barcodes for identifying Korean bird species. To bring greater reliability to the identification of species, increased intra- and interspecies sampling, as well as supplementation of the mitochondrial barcodes with nuclear ones, is needed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1558-1564
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• 2018

Objective: We report monitoring conservation effect for a Chinese indigenous chicken (Langshan) breed using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and DNA barcords. Methods: The full length of MHC B-G gene and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene in generations 0, 5, 10, 15, 16, and 17 was measured using re-sequencing and sequencing procedures, respectively. Results: There were 292 single nucleotide polymorphisms of MHC B-G gene identified in six generations. Heterozygosity (He) and polymorphic information content (PIC) of MHC B-G gene in generations 10, 15, 16, and 17 remained stable. He and PIC of MHC B-G gene were different in six generations, with G10, G15, G16, G17 >G5>G0 (p<0.05). For the COI gene, there were five haplotypes in generations 0, 5, 10, 15, 16, and 17. Where Hap2 and Hap4 were the shared haplotypes, 164 individuals shared Hap2 haplotypes, while Hap1 and Hap3 were the shared haplotypes in generations 0 and 5 and Hap5 was a shared haplotype in generations 10, 15, 16, and 17. The sequence of COI gene in 6 generations was tested by Tajima's and D value, and the results were not significant, which were consistent with neutral mutation. There were no differences in generations 10, 15, 16, and 17for measured phenotypic traits. In other generations, for annual egg production, with G5, G10, G15, G16, G17>G0 (p<0.05). For age at the first egg and age at sexual maturity, with G10, G15, G16, G17>G5>G0 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Combined with the results of COI gene DNA barcodes, MHC B-G gene, and phenotypic traits we can see that genetic diversity remained stable from generations 10 to 17 and the equimultiple random matching pedigrees conservation population conservation effect of Langshan chicken was effective as measured by these criteria.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.215-224
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• 2019

We describe three feather mites recovered from a wood sandpiper Tringa glareola that was stored in a $-20^{\circ}C$ freezer at the Chungnam Wild Animal Rescue Center. These feather mites are reported for the first time in South Korea: Avenzoaria totani (Canestrini, 1978), Ingrassia veligera Oudemans, 1904 and Montchadskiana glareolae Dabert and Ehrnsberger, 1999. In this study, we provide morphological diagnoses and illustrations. Additionally, we provide partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI) gene as molecular characteristics of three species.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.107-120
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• 2017

Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most important insect pests in the world. In the present study, the taxonomic status of B. tabaci and the number of species composing the B. tabaci complex were determined based on 550 COI gene sequences of B. tabaci. Genetic divergence within B. tabaci ranged from 0% to 27.8% (average 11.1%). This result indicates that the B. tabaci complex is composed of multiple species that may belong to different genera or subfamilies. A phylogenetic tree constructed based on 217 COI gene sequences without duplications revealed that the B. tabaci complex is composed of a total of 43 putative species, including a new species, Java. In addition, genetic divergence within nine species (Australia, Asia II 1, Asia II 6, Asia II 7, Asia II 10, Mediterranean, New world, New world 2, Sub Saharan Africa 1) indicates that 4.0% is reasonable to be used as a threshold of species boundaries within the B. tabaci complex, and species with high intraspecific genetic divergences can be related with cryptic species.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.523-530
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• 2014

One juvenile raptor which was not able to be identified due to its head damage was discovered on a roadside in Janggok-ri, Jori-eup, Paju on 28th June, 2011. The species was identified by DNA barcoding. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI), we obtained 695 bp sequences. We analyzed the obtained COI sequence with similar sequences from the BOLD systems and BLAST of the NCBI Genbank, and discovered that its sequence showed 100 % similarity values with the one of the five gray-faced buzzards which were previously researched. In addition, it was confirmed to be a female through sex determination using DNA. Such results are important information as it confirms the breeding of the gray-faced buzzards for the first time in 43 years since its breeding was last recorded in 1968, in Paju. Wildlife rescue center needs to work with adjacent consigned registration and preservation institutions when carcass of wild animals is collected or DNA samples are obtained for more accurate both species and sex identification through a systematic management system in the future. Furthermore, the obtained DNA sample of the gray-faced buzzard and COI gene, DNA barcode, could be used as reference standards for similar researches in the future.