• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국터널공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2005

In urban areas, new tunnel construction work is often taking place adjacent to existing piled foundations. In this case, careful assessment for the pile-soil-tunnel interaction is required. However, research on this topic has not been much reported, and currently only limited information is available. In this study, the complex pile-soil-tunnel interaction is investigated using the upper and lower bound methods based on kinematically possible failure mechanism and statically admissible stress field respectively. It is believed that the limit theorem is useful in understanding the complicated interaction behaviour mechanism and applicable to the pile-soil-tunnel interaction problem. The results are compared with numerical analysis. The material deformation patterns and strain data from the FE output are shown to compare well with the equivalent physical model tests. Admissible stress fields and the failure mechanisms are presented and used to develop upper and lower bound solutions to assess minimum support pressures within the tunnel.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제20권7호
• /
• pp.1004-1013
• /
• 2017

This paper presents a relationship between the number of curves and geometric parameters of a 3D object. Once the relationship is established, the number of closed curves that can reliably represent 3D object is derived. Inspired by Shannon-Nyquist Sampling Theorem, in this paper, approach for sampling rate (defined as the minimum number of curves) for 3D reconstruction is proposed. The relationship is straightforward, is suitable for application to 3D object overlaid with closed-continuous curves, and can achieve efficient 3D reconstruction system in practice. To substantiate the proposed approach, simulation results are provided and the results show that the number of curves can be decreased without loss of generality of characteristics of a target 3D object.

• 대한조선학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1986

Herein the dynamic response of an axisymmetric buoy to regular wave is studied within linear potential theory. The buoy has a particular geometry so that it should experience minimum wave-exiting force on the vertical direction at a precribed wave number in water of finite depth. Invoking the Green's theorem a velocity potential is generated by distributing pulsating sources and doublets on the immersed surface of the buoy at its mean position. Hydrodynamic forces and moments are obtained approximately by summation of the products of linear pressure and directional mesh area over the immersed surface. Model tests are carried out to measure the wave-exciting forces, hydrodynamic forces and motion responses. The experimental results in general agree fairly well with the numerical ones. From the analytical and experimental works it is found that the pitching motion and its coupling effect affect significantly the motion characteristics of the freely-floating axisymmetric buoy in regular waves.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.589-608
• /
• 2015

본 논문은 칠교판의 일곱 조각을 모두 사용하여 만들 수 있는 볼록다각형의 개수를 탐구 주제로 한다. 본 탐구 주제는 현재 두 가지 방법을 통해 증명이 되었다. 한 가지 방법은 피크의 정리(Pick's theorem)를 이용한 방법이고, 다른 한 가지는 和々草의 방법(2007)이다. 하지만 두 방법은 초등교육과정 수준을 벗어난 내용을 포함하고 있기 때문에 초등에서 다루기에는 무리가 있다. 이 논문에서는 초등수준에서 적용이 가능한 증명 방법인 단위넓이를 이용한 방법과 최소넓이를 이용한 방법을 대안으로 제시한다. 그리고 새롭게 제시한 증명 방법이 초등수학영재에게 실제 적용 가능한지를 알아보기 위해 총 4차시에 걸친 수업 프로그램을 구성하였고, 이를 A초등학교 5학년 학교단위 영재학급 학생 5명을 대상으로 적용하였다. 그 결과 5학년 초등수학영재 수준에서 칠교판으로 만들 수 있는 볼록다각형의 개수를 정당화하는 것은 가능함을 보였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.191-199
• /
• 2017

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to develop a methodology to estimate the minimum required separation distance (MRSD) between a vehicle and a bicycle when overtaking. METHODS : Three steps have been conducted to develop a methodology to estimate MSRD. First, a literature review has been conducted on the measurement of MSRD, and how it may be applied in Korea. Second, two assumptions have been made to develop a methodology to estimate the MSRD. The first assumption is that the maximum separation distance between a vehicle and a bicycle can be observed when they are at the same location longitudinally. In addition, it is assumed that the separation distance is invalid when the contra-flow exists. Finally, three cameras were installed at a height of 10 m to record the vehicle-bicycle interaction. Moreover, the vehicle trajectories as well as the separation distance were coded and analyzed. Through the hypothesis test and the interval estimation, the sample mean was tested and the confidence interval was estimated. RESULTS : 141 records of separation distance data were collected, and the hypothesis test demonstrated that the MSRD in Korea is significantly higher than other countries. In addition, the confidence interval of the population mean of MSRD is from 1.51 m to 1.65 m with 95% level of confidence. CONCLUSIONS : It is expected that the proposed methodology to estimate MSRD would be beneficial in studying road safety of vehicles and bicycles. Also, the proposed MSRD is expected to be designated in the act of road and transportation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제8권8호
• /
• pp.2722-2742
• /
• 2014

We propose methods of linear transceiver design for two different power constraints, sum relay power constraint and per relay power constraint, which determine signal processing matrices such as base station (BS) transmitter, relay precoders and user receivers to minimize sum mean square error (SMSE) for multi-relay multi-user (MRMU) networks. However, since the formulated problem is non-convex one which is hard to be solved, we suboptimally solve the problems by defining convex subproblems with some fixed variables. We adopt iterative sequential designs of which each iteration stage corresponds to each subproblem. Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) theorem and SMSE duality are employed as specific methods to solve subproblems. The numerical results verify that the proposed methods provide comparable performance to that of a full relay cooperation bound (FRCB) method while outperforming the simple amplify-and-forward (SAF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) relaying in terms of not only SMSE, but also the sum rate.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.280-289
• /
• 2008

This paper presents design of the quantitative feedback control system of the three axes hydraulic road simulator with respect to the dummy wheel for uncertain multiple input-output(MIMO) feedback systems. This simulator has the uncertain parameters such as fluid compressibility, fluid leakage, electrical servo components and nonlinear mechanical connections. This works have reproduced the random input signal to implement the real road vibration's data in the lab. The replaced $m^2$ MISO equivalent control systems satisfied the design specifications of the original $m^*m$ MIMO control system and developed the mathematical method using quantitative feedback theory based on schauder's fixed point theorem. This control system illustrates a tracking performance of the closed-loop controller with low order transfer function G(s) and pre-filter F(s) having the minimum bandwidth for parameters of uncertain plant. The efficacy of the designed controller is verified through the dynamic simulation with combined hydraulic model and Adams simulator model. The Matlab simulation results to connect with Adams simulator model show that the proposed control technique works well under uncertain hydraulic plant system. The designed control system has satisfied robust performance with stability bounds, tracking bounds and disturbance. The Hydraulic road simulator consists of the specimen, hydraulic pump, servo valve, hydraulic actuator and its control equipments

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.41-52
• /
• 2001

본 연구에서는 복합재료로 구성된 구조물로서 박스거더와 같이 임의의 각도로 연결된 절판을 유한대판법으로 해석하였다. 각 적층판의 강성으로부터 적분에 의하여 판두께 방향의 전체 강성을 구하고 최소 포텐샬 에너지 이론으로부터 구한 평형방정식에 대입하여 전체 강성매트릭스를 구하였다. 슬래브나 박스거더의 변위 함수는 횡 방향의 Hermite 다항식과 종 방향의 조화함수의 결합으로 가정하였다. 종 방향 조화함수는 단부의 경계조건을 만족시키는 함수를 사용하였다. 해석시간의 단축 및 모델링이 쉽다는 장점을 가진 유한대판법은 복합적층 재료로 구성된 박스거더와 같은 절판해석의 경우에도 매우 정확한 해를 얻을 수 있다.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
• /
• 제5A권1호
• /
• pp.46-55
• /
• 2005

This paper proposes a new method for choice of the best transmission system expansion plan on the side of highest satisfaction level of decision maker using fuzzy integer programming. The proposed method considers the permissibility and ambiguity of the investment budget (economics) for constructing the new transmission lines and the delivery marginal rate (reliability criteria) of the system by modeling the transmission expansion problem as a fuzzy integer programming one. It solves the optimal strategy (reasonable as well as flexible) using a fuzzy set theory-based on branch and bound method that utilizes a network flow approach and the maximum flow-minimum cut set theorem. Under no or only a very small database for the evaluation of reliability indices, the proposed technique provides the decision maker with a valuable and practical tool to solve the transmission expansion problem considering problem uncertainties. Test results on the 63-bus test system show that the proposed method is practical and efficiently applicable to transmission expansion planning.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.574-575
• /
• 2007

This paper proposes a method for choosing the best transmission system expansion plan using nodal/bus delivery marginal rate criterion ($BMR_k$) defined newly in this paper. The objective method minimizes a total cost which is an investment budget for constructing new transmission lines subject to the $BMR_k$ which means a nodal deterministic reliability level requirement at specified load point. The proposed method models the transmission system expansion problem as an integer programming problem. It solves for the optimal strategy using a branch and bound method that utilizes a network flow approach and the maximum flow-minimum cut set theorem. Test results on an existing 21-bus system are included in the paper. It demonstrated the suitability of the proposed method for solving the transmission system expansion planning problem in competitive electricity market environment.