• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.421-430
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• 2022

Crop load management in apple trees is important for achieving optimum productivity and crop value. Hence, we investigated the influence of different crop loads on the fruit quality, mineral content, and yield of the 'RubyS' apple variety. After 4 weeks of full bloom, the crop load was adjusted by hand thinning to different (5, 10, and 15 fruits·cm^-2) trunk cross-sectional areas (TCSA), representing low, medium, and high crop loads. The low crop load increased the fruit size and weight, the development of the red-blushed area, and the peel color a^* at harvest; however, it reduced the total number of fruits·tree^-1 and yield compared with that of the other crop loads. The medium crop load improved the fruit weight, flesh firmness, and soluble solids content and reduced the fruits·tree^-1 but did not affect the fruit size and yield. However, there were no significant differences in the titratable acidity and starch index among the crop loads. The fruit mineral content (phosphorus and potassium) was higher in the low and medium crop loads compared to the high crop load. However, the nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium contents in the fruits were not affected by the crop loads. Overall, this study suggests that a low crop load improves the fruit size and weight, but its effect on the quality and fruit mineral content is similar to that of a medium crop load. Therefore, the optimum crop load level for the 'RubyS' apple trees was approximately 10 fruits·cm^-2 TCSA.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.391-394
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• 1999

A feeding experiment was conducted using juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) to investigate the optimum level of supplemental vitamin and/or mineral premixes in a formulated diet for practical feed formulation. Three replicate groups of abalone averaging 100 mg were fed the diets containing different levels of vitamin premix ($0\%,\;0.5\%,\;1.0\%$ and $2\%$) and /or mineral premix($0\%,\;2\%,\;4\%$ and $6\%$) for 4 months. Survival rates of abalone showed no distinctive trend by the levels of dietary vitamin premixes. Weight gain, shell growth and soft body weight of abalone were not significantly affected by the different dietary vitamin and/or mineral premixes (P>0,05). Moisture, protein and lipid contents of soft body were influenced by experimental diets (P<0.05) but these differences also had no definite trends by levels of vitamin and/or mineral premixes. These data indicate that supplemental vitamin or mineral premix is not needed in this formulated diet, therefore price of diet for juvenile abalone could be reduced.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.317-321
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• 1997

The mineral components of the Gastrodia elata Blum were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophtometry. The mineral component contents of the Gastrodia elata Blum were greater in the order of Fe < Na < Mg < Ca < P < K. The antioxidative effects of the Gastrodia elata Blum extracts on refined perilla oil were investigated by the rancimat method, peroxide value and TBA value. The antioxidative effects of Gastrodia elata Blum added to the refined perilla oil was increased with dose-dependent fashion in concentration of Gastrodia elata Blum extracts. The peroxide value and TBA value for their antioxidation stability were also lower than that of control. Antioxidation stability was increased in a dose-dependent manner.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1988.11a
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• pp.241-245
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• 1988

This paper reports the experiments regarding to diagnosis techniques for power transformers by measuring dissipation factor and moisture contents of mineral oils. Thermal aging environments of mineral oils were varied by the specially designed systems. Thermal aging of elevated temperature of $90^{\circ}C$ was performed for about 240 and 460 hours, respectively. Dissipation factor, permittivity, and water content were measured. Our test samples were not exposed to air. Dissipation factor increased while permittivity did not change. The level of dissipation factor determining the insulating quality of mineral oil was compared with the previous results of resistivity and several correction factor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 1972

Twenty kinds of minerel nutrient solution were prepared and supplied to the tomatoes planted in Norwegian quartz pots. These plants were cultured for nine weeks and several physiogical phenomena were observed during the growing period, and after harvest, the alkaloid contents were determined. The highest growth potential was in NS 3 group while the highest alkaloid content wasein KMg 18 group.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.135-138
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• 1985

The radioautographing of U-bearing cloaly slate samples were initiated in order to clarify the uranium distribution patterns in the samples of Ogcheon system. Moreover, x-ray powder diffraction and x-ray single crystal analysis studies were undertaken to identify the uranium mineral which was extracted from U-bearing coaly slate. The handspecimens were collected from the Boseong mine, located in Deokpyeong area, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbug-do. According to the experimental studies, it has been found the following facts: (1) fixed carbon has close relation with uranium contents, (2) quartz veins developed in U-bearing coaly slate are diveded into two groups based on mode of occurrence, formation stage and uranium distribution pattern; early quartz vein ($QV_1$) with low uranium concentration and late quartz vein ($QV_2$) with high uranium concentration, (3) matrixes around $QV_1$ are displayed homogeneous and high uranium concentration, while matrixes around $QV_2$ are low uranium concentration, (4) uranium mineral is identified as a variety of autunite.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.248-258
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• 1999

This study examined the effect of excess loading of calcium (Ca)and iron(Fe) on the bioavailability of minerals in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. Three-week-old male rats were divided into four groups and fed experimental diets for six weeks, containing either normal (0.5%) or high(1.5%) Ca and normal (35ppm) or high (350ppm)Fe. Likewise, three-week-old male rats were first fed a Ca-and Fe-deficient diet for three weeks, and then fed one of four experimental diets for additional three weeks. In both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats, ca contents of serum, liver, kidney and femur were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels. Apparent Ca absorption(%) decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet regardless of dietary Fe levels. Magnesium(Mg) contents of serum, liver and femur significantly decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet. Fe contents of serum and liver significantly increased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, but decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet. Fe content of serum and liver significantly increased in rate fed a high-Fe diet, decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet. Apparent Fe absorption increased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, and decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet in Ca-and Fe-deficient rats, but dietary Ca did not seem to affect Fe absorption in normal rats. Phosphorus(P) contents of serum and femur were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. Serum copper(Cu) decreased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, while serum zinc(Zn) decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet in normal rats. Cu contents of liver, and Zn contents of serum and liver decreased in rats fed a high-Fe diet in Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. There results suggest that a dietary overload of Ca and Fe in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats may decrease mineral bioavailability leading to potential health problems.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.203-215
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• 2017

This study was carried out to compare the major nutrient components and antioxidant activities of Stachys sieboldii Miq leaf and root powders. For proximate compositions, crude protein and crude fat contents of leaf powder were higher than those of root powder, whereas contents of crude ash and carbohydrates were lower in leaf powder. The content of glutamic acid was greater in amino acids of leaf and root powders, and contents of total amino acids and essential amino acids were higher in leaf powder compared with root powder. Root powder contained a higher level of total unsaturated fatty acids than leaf powder. Total contents of organic acids were higher in leaf powder; tartaric acid was the major organic acid in leaf powder, and malic acid was the major organic acid in root powder. The content of vitamin A was higher in leaf powder than in root powder. However, vitamin E content was higher in root powder than in leaf powder. Total mineral contents of leaf powder were higher than those of root powder, and mineral contents of leaf and root powders were in the order of K>Ca>Mg. Extract yields of leaf and root powders were 27.21% and 58.51%, respectively. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids of leaf extract were 236.35 mg/g and 1.90 mg/g, respectively, which were higher than those of root extract. The $IC_{50}$ values of leaf and root ethanol extracts based on DPPH hydroxyl scavenging were 0.69 mg/mL and 5934.31 mg/mL, respectively, and antioxidative activities of ethanol extracts from all Stachys sieboldii Miq parts dose-dependently increased. These results suggest that Stachys sieboldii Miq can be recommended as an edible functional food material.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.141-146
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• 1998

Production of medicinal soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], characterized with black seed, white stripe at hilum border, yellow cotyledon and small seed, is increasing with increasing consumption. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of medicinal soybean seed and to provide basic information, for the characterization of these soybeans among genetic resources. Forty-four lines of medicinal soybeans collected from Korea and two control cultivars, 'Hwangkeumkong' (Yellow seed coat) and 'Geomjeongkong l' (Black seed coat) were planted at the Research Farm of the College of Natural Resources, Korea University, located at Namyangju City on May 25, 1996. Seeds of these lines were harvested at full maturity and analyzed for protein, oil, sugar, starch and mineral contents. Mean protein and oil content of the medicinal line seeds were 42.6 and 16.1%, respectively, and those of the control cultivars were in the middle range for protein and oil content. However, sugar and starch content of the medicinal line seeds appeared to be in the lower range of the distributions compared to the control cultivars and were 10.0 and 1.68%, respectively. Mean P, K, Ca, and Mg contents of the seeds of medicinal soybean lines were 15.9, 21.5, 3.11, and 2.81 mg/g, respectively, indicating that these lines had higher P, K, and Mg and lower Ca contents when compared to the control cultivars. Mean Na and Fe contents were 671 and 224 mg/kg, respectively, showing lower Na and similar Fe contents. The observed results provided that chemical compositions of medicinal soybean were, on average, different from those of the general soybean cultivars.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2017

Purpose: Lycium ruthenicum Murr. is a nutritional food that has been used widely for treatment of heart disease, abnormal menstruation, and menopause. Methods: In this study, the crude protein, crude lipid and crude ash contents of two different Lycii fruits with different colors were investigated, and their color values, total sugar, pH, total anthocyanins and total carotenoids were analyzed. Results: Regarding crude ash, crude fat and crude protein contents, the L. barbarum showed higher in crude fat and crude protein contents than black fruits, whereas L. ruthenicum showed higher contents than black fruits. Regarding mineral composition, mineral contents were in the other of K, Mg, Mn, Na, Zn, and Fe. The K content was high in all of the samples, and the contents of Cr and Cu were not measured. The pH values of L. ruthenicum and L. barbarum were $5.00{\pm}0.01$ and $5.08{\pm}0.02$, respectively. The total sugar content of L. ruthenicum was 45.45% while that of L. barbarum was 45.43%. Ascorbic acid content of L. barbarum was $50.86{\pm}3.63%$ while that of L. ruthenicum was $6.3{\pm}1.40%$. The total anthocyanin content of L. ruthenicum was $462.22{\pm}0.41mg/100g$, although no anthocyanin was detected in L. barbarum. The total carotenoids content was $812.25{\pm}6.01mg/100g$ in L. barbarum, although that of L. ruthenicum was not measured. Conclusion: The results from this study indicate that there is a large difference in the composition of functional ingredients of L. ruthenicum and L. barbarum. There is a strong possibility of L. ruthenicum to be developed into color food sources.